What are the early symptoms of AIDS?

What are the early symptoms of AIDS? AIDS is a serious chronic and progressive infectious disease, which is caused by HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) invading human body, destroying human immune function, causing many incurable infections and tumors, and eventually leading to death. Next, I will introduce the early symptoms of AIDS to you.

The early symptoms of AIDS are manifested in the early stage, and there is no difference between AIDS-infected people and normal people. If you want to confirm whether you have AIDS complications, one is early palpation of axillary lymph nodes and submandibular lymph nodes of AIDS patients, and you can find that there are many swollen lymph nodes here. If the patient's immunity declines, there will also be some symptoms of oral diseases and skin diseases, mainly oral Candida albicans infection, that is, some white mucosal pollution appears in the mouth.

However, some patients have skin symptoms, because normal people may also have some herpes zoster skin diseases, that is, intensive vesicular changes in patients' waist, which can also be seen in daily dermatology clinics. However, this kind of patients often have small ulcer area and tend to heal faster. Generally, you don't need treatment or simple treatment, and you can heal yourself within one week. However, when AIDS patients have this kind of herpes zoster, it is obviously different from ordinary skin diseases. One is that the range of symptoms and lesions is large, and the patient's blisters are ulcerated, which is very difficult to treat. It usually takes more than two weeks to recover, and it is difficult to recover within one week.

It is still difficult to recover after using some drugs, so this kind of performance, according to our outpatient experience and the impression I have seen, can basically confirm that he was infected with HIV when he came. Sometimes, if you ask a patient, he may not admit it. In fact, he denied it. In this case, the patient receives treatment, and it takes two weeks or even longer to gradually recover after treatment. I think this patient is infected with HIV, because he is obviously different from normal people infected with herpes zoster. In the early stage, oral symptoms, changes in skin diseases, decreased resistance, and unexplained fever, such as colds, can be quickly controlled after rest, but the fever of AIDS patients is very difficult to cure, despite the use of good antibacterial drugs. In our general situation, patients can completely lower their body temperature after intravenous drip for three to five days, but not for AIDS patients. Even the patient's fever can last for more than a month, and the patient is obviously emaciated, emaciated, feverish, unable to eat, and his sleep is affected. Such patients are often in the late stage of AIDS. If the rescue fails, the patient will die if he can't control the fever, so this is also the intermediate link of our AIDS clinic.

The four symptoms of AIDS are 1, the acute infection period of AIDS.

The acute infection period is the window period. The main symptoms in this period are: fever, rash, swollen lymph nodes, muscle aches, fatigue, night sweats, pharyngitis and so on.

Due to the acute infection of AIDS, the symptoms are relatively mild. 2-6 weeks after HIV infection, you can check whether the HIV antibody is positive through blood test, which is the standard to judge whether you are infected with AIDS.

2, AIDS incubation period

It takes 2- 10 years to enter the incubation period after being infected with HIV. The latent symptoms of AIDS are not obvious, so it is difficult for people to find and prevent AIDS. However, the incubation period is neither static nor safe. The virus keeps multiplying and is extremely destructive.

Therefore, people with high incidence of AIDS should pay attention to HIV testing to avoid its impact on health.

3. Pre-AIDS

Pre-AIDS refers to a period of time after the incubation period when AIDS-related symptoms and signs begin to appear until it develops into a typical AIDS. At this time, AIDS will have persistent lymphadenopathy, and the most common parts are head and neck, armpit, groin, back of neck, before ear, behind ear, femoral lymph nodes, submandibular lymph nodes and other symptoms.

Pre-AIDS lymphadenopathy generally lasts for more than half a year; Weight loss 10% or more; Periodic low fever lasting for several months; Night sweats; Oral hairy leukoplakia is an important clue for early diagnosis of AIDS.

4. Typical AIDS period

In the typical AIDS period, due to the serious damage to the immune system, various fatal opportunistic infections and malignant tumors are prone to occur. Lesions can be manifested in various organs of human body, such as lung, mouth, digestive system, nervous system, endocrine system, heart, kidney, eyes, joints, skin and so on. The average survival time of patients with opportunistic infections is 9 months.

Diagnostic criteria for AIDS 1. Acute HIV infection

(1) epidemiological history: homosexuals or heterosexuals have multiple sexual partners, or their spouses or sexual partners are HIV-positive; History of intravenous drug abuse; Used imported blood products such as factor VIII; Have a close contact history with HIV/AIDS patients; Have a history of sexually transmitted diseases such as syphilis, gonorrhea and nongonococcal urethritis; History of going abroad; Children born to HIV-positive people; Blood transfusion without anti-HIV testing.

(2) Clinical manifestations: symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection such as fever, fatigue, sore throat and general malaise; Individual headache, rash, meningoencephalitis or acute polyneuritis; There are swollen lymph nodes in the neck, armpit and pillow, similar to infectious mononucleosis; Liver and spleen are big.

(3) Laboratory examination: After the onset, the total number of white blood cells and lymphocytes in peripheral blood decreased, and then the total number of lymphocytes increased to show atypical lymphocytes; CD4/CD8 ratio >:1; Anti-HIV antibody turns negative, and it usually takes 2 ~ 3 months to turn positive, up to 6 months at the longest, and the antibody is negative during the infection window; A few patients were positive for P24 antigen in the initial stage.

2. Asymptomatic HIV infection

(1) Epidemiological history: same as acute HIV infection.

(2) Clinical manifestations: there are often no symptoms and signs.

(3) Laboratory examination: anti-HIV antibody is positive and confirmed by confirmation test; The total number of CD4 lymphocytes was normal or decreased year by year, CD4/CD8 >；; 1; The blood P24 antigen was negative.

3. AIDS

(1) Epidemiological history: same as acute HIV infection.

(2) Clinical manifestations: unexplained low immune function; Persistent irregular low-grade fever >: 1 month; Persistent systemic lymphadenopathy with unknown causes (lymph node diameter >; 1cm)； Chronic diarrhea > 4 times /d, weight loss within 3 months >10%; Complicated with oral candidiasis, pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, toxoplasmosis, cryptococcal meningitis, rapidly progressing active tuberculosis, cutaneous mucosal Kaposi sarcoma, lymphoma, etc. Dementia is common in young and middle-aged patients.

(3) Laboratory examination: the anti-HIV antibody is confirmed to be positive by confirmation test; P24 antigen positive (units with conditions can be checked); The total number of CD4 lymphocytes was 0.2 109/L or (0.2 ~ 0.5)109/l; CD4/CD8<。 1; Leukocyte and hemoglobin decrease; 2 Microglobulin level increased; We can find the cause of the above-mentioned co-infection or the pathological basis of the tumor.