Short Answer Questions
1. What is the standard of college students' mental health? Key points of the answer: 1. Know yourself and accept yourself; The second is to accept others and be good at dealing with people; The third is to face up to reality and accept it; The fourth is to accept life and be willing to work; Fifth, be able to coordinate and control emotions and be happy; Sixth, the personality is complete and harmonious; Seventh, normal intelligence, IQ above 80; Eighth, psychological behavior conforms to age characteristics. 2. What aspects of learning ability should college students focus on?
The key points of the answer: First, cultivate good self-study ability; The second is to cultivate time management ability; The third is to cultivate the ability of expression; The fourth is to cultivate practical ability; The fifth is to cultivate organizational management ability; The sixth is to cultivate innovative ability. 3. How to improve your frustration tolerance? Key points of the answer: First, be good at adjusting the level of self-ambition; The second is to improve the cognitive ability of frustration; The third is to establish reasonable self-attribution; The fourth is to build a mature psychological defense mechanism; The fifth is to establish harmonious interpersonal relationships. 4. Briefly describe the characteristics of college students' psychological development.
First, abstract thinking has developed rapidly, but it is not deep enough. Second, self-awareness is enhanced, but it is not yet mature. 1. Self-awareness began to differentiate and develop rapidly. Second, the contradiction of self-consciousness is prominent and its control ability is weak. Third, the contradiction of self-consciousness is not only intensified, but also chaotic. Third, the emotion is rich, but the mood fluctuates greatly. Fourth, the level of will has obviously improved, but it is not balanced and stable enough. 5. How to cultivate college students' healthy self-awareness? The standards of college students' healthy self-awareness are: accurate self-orientation, positive objectivity, self-esteem, self-confidence, good cooperation, good self-identity and effective self-control. 1. Know yourself correctly and comprehensively and evaluate yourself objectively and accurately 1. Compare with others, know and evaluate yourself II. Know and evaluate yourself from others' attitudes towards yourself.
3. Know and evaluate yourself by reflecting on your psychological activities and behaviors. 4. Actively participate in practical activities, and know and evaluate yourself through the results of the activities. 2. Identify, affirm and accept yourself with a positive attitude. 2. Rational use of social comparison strategies. 3. Create opportunities, participate in practice, gain more successful experiences and cultivate self-confidence. 4. Adjust your expectations. 5. Take the initiative to hint at yourself. Third, actively improve yourself 1, establish a scientific and correct ideal self. Second, actively participate in social practice and show yourself. Third, constantly improve and surpass yourself. 6. Briefly describe the basic methods and principles of college students' time management 1, define the direction and goal 2, define the purpose of time management 3, define the personal time plan 4, do things in sequence 5, arrange the specific time of doing things every day 6, determine the self-goal with personal values 7, don't delay 8, put an end to wasting time 9, pay attention to learning from others.
7. Briefly describe how to cultivate college students' good mood. First, be kind to troubles. Second, learn to express emotions.
Express yourself, express others, express the environment and sublimate. Third, the unreasonable idea that emotional ABC theory leads to bad emotions: absolute requirements; Overgeneralization; horrible
8. What are the three main characteristics of irrational beliefs in emotional ABC theory? (1) Absolute requirement (2) Overgeneralization
Situation (3) is extremely bad. 9. What is interpersonal communication and what are the factors that affect college students' interpersonal communication?
Interpersonal communication: the process of communicating information, exchanging ideas, expressing emotions and needs between people, thus influencing each other psychologically and behaviorally. Interpersonal communication contains two meanings. From a dynamic point of view, it refers to the information exchange and material exchange between people. From a static point of view, interpersonal communication refers to the emotional connection formed by dynamic interaction between people, that is, interpersonal relationship.
Factors affecting the establishment of interpersonal relationships, first, spatial distance. Second, talent and interpersonal attraction. Third, personality quality and interpersonal attraction. Fourth, similarity or complementarity. Fifth, the appearance is attractive.
10, how to self-adjust the psychology of insufficient learning motivation? (1) Develop your own learning standards; (2) Master the learning methods that suit you; (3) improve their understanding of the purpose and significance of learning; (4) Cultivate and maintain interest in the major; 1 1; Influencing factors of personality formation.
A: Genetics, social culture, family environment, school education, children's experience, physical physics, self-regulation 12, how to adjust your bad mood.
A: Music, sports, talking, crying, correct belief, distraction, self-control II. Discuss problems.
1, talk about how to keep normal psychology? Reference answer points:
1. Understand the definition of mental health. 2. The standard of college students' mental health: (1) Know yourself, accept yourself (2) Accept others, be kind to others (3) Face up to reality, accept reality (4) Accept life, be willing to work (5) Be able to coordinate and control emotions, be happy (6) Have a complete and harmonious personality (7) Have normal intelligence and an IQ of over 80 (8 (2) Master certain psychological self-care methods; (1) Know yourself correctly, improve yourself, evaluate yourself objectively, accept yourself, shape a perfect personality and cultivate a sound personality. Learn to get along with others, be willing to communicate with others, accept differences, respect individuality, learn to empathize with others, and get along with people with humility and appropriate scale; (3) Face up to reality, adapt to the environment, proceed from reality, deal with problems with a positive attitude, learn to look at problems objectively, and actively learn problem-solving skills when facing setbacks; (4) learn to enhance the self-regulation ability of emotions; (3) learn to seek help from psychological counseling institutions. And combine the students' actual answers.
2, combined with their own experience and the study of mental health courses, talk about the main psychological confusion faced by freshmen and their coping strategies 1, the critical period of freshmen's development.
This situation is also commonly referred to as adaptation difficulties. The gap in self-knowledge has caused a strong sense of loss, making life difficult to adapt and interpersonal relationships tense. Every September, for the students on the campus of Gunmai University, it means that life has started a new course, and they are full of illusions about everything around them. However, with the initial contact between military training and specialized courses, the gorgeous university dream that had been dreamed for countless times gradually cooled down in reality, and they gradually felt that the university campus was not their ideal kingdom: study was tense, life was boring, relatives were far away, and interpersonal relationships were complicated. In the cloud of experts, the sense of superiority of "standing out from the crowd" in the past has disappeared, which has invisibly produced a sense of loss. On the other hand, most students live on campus for the first time. All trifles in life need to be taken care of, but in the past, all psychological habits of relying on parents and teachers are difficult to change for a while, so there will be inadaptability to the living environment, which will bring adaptation pressure to freshmen who are self-centered and don't understand others. Please analyze their mental health. (Requirements: Analyze from the aspects of self-awareness, needs and motives, personality characteristics, interpersonal relationship, love concept and learning. )
4. Write down your psychological understanding of "water is pure, there is no fish, and people have no friends"?
As we all know, there is no fish if the water is too clear. The reason is nothing more than that the water is too clear for fish to survive; The environment of fish is that the water should not be so clear that there is nowhere to hide; People's environment is that relationships should not be too tense and they can't get along. Too clear and too nervous, both contain factors that endanger survival. Once they endanger their survival, they must have better requirements for the living environment. Therefore, fish need hiding space such as aquatic plants, crevices and branches, and people also need a wide and relaxed environment. Smart people often can't tolerate small mistakes or differences in personality. They ask for too much recognition of themselves or ask everyone's every move to meet or reach their own standards, but people always have different personalities and treat others as well.
Unless it is a clone, everything will never be consistent, so friction and even conflict are inevitable results. If we can't reconcile them with a tolerant spirit at this time, things will get out of hand, and as a result, people will not interact with each other. Smart people are too picky, too idle and even suspicious. When they can't tolerate others and try their best to exclude others, they will lose their partners and friends. Therefore, they will be isolated.
5. What are the specific measures for time management? Combined with their own lives, talk about how college students manage their time. A simple and effective way to manage time is to set priorities.
American management scientist Stephen Covey put forward the law of "four quadrants of time management". He arranged everything according to importance and urgency. In this way, things are divided into four categories and form four quadrants in coordinates.
Faced with numerous tasks, the correct order of doing things is: the first priority: doing "important and urgent" things. Second priority: do something "important but not urgent". Third priority: do "unimportant but urgent" things. Fourth priority: do things that are neither important nor urgent.
6. Discuss the main contents of university planning from the perspectives of learning to recognize, learn to do things, learn to get along, learn to survive, etc., and expound it in combination with reality.
From the cognitive point of view, learning is the general name of learning, thinking, learning and doing, and different grades have different specific focuses. From the aspect of handling affairs, this paper discusses the grasp of extracurricular life such as clubs and scientific self-management. From the aspect of getting along, the principles of communication such as equality, respect, sincerity, credit and tolerance are clarified. From the aspect of survival, explore personal career goals and positioning, and cultivate professional awareness and thinking.
7. Discuss how to improve the frustration tolerance of college students and explain it in combination with the actual situation.
Requirements: there are arguments, there are arguments. Be good at adjusting the level of self-ambition, improving the cognitive ability of frustration, establishing reasonable self-attribution, establishing a mature psychological defense mechanism and establishing harmonious interpersonal relationships.
8. Briefly describe the characteristics, influencing factors, principles and skills of college students' interpersonal communication.
1. College students' interpersonal communication includes the following characteristics: paying attention to the establishment of equal relationship between people, paying attention to spiritual communication between people, having a heavy emotional component in interpersonal relationship, expanding the scope of college students' communication, and coexistence of communication needs and solitude needs. 2. The factors that affect college students' interpersonal relationship include: spatial distance, talent and interpersonal attraction, personality quality and interpersonal attraction, similarity or complementarity, and appearance attraction; 3. Principles and skills of college students' interpersonal communication: Principles include six aspects: sincerity principle, respect principle, equality principle, credit principle, compatibility principle and understanding principle, and skills include positive and enthusiastic treatment of others, good listening, active praise of others and stress on conversation. 9. Try to talk about the common psychological crisis of college students. What are the manifestations and skills of self-support? Key points: 1. Common psychological crises of college students include developmental psychological crisis, situational psychological crisis and existential psychological crisis; 2. The manifestations of college students' psychological crisis include physiological performance, emotional performance, cognitive performance and behavioral performance; 3. The self-support technology of college students' psychological crisis includes four aspects: adjusting emotions in time, establishing good interpersonal relationships, facing reality, facing the crisis squarely and temporarily avoiding making major decisions. 10, combined with their own actual situation, to explore the influencing factors of personality formation. Third, case analysis questions
1, a college girl, with the highest academic performance in the class. Although my grades are excellent, I feel extremely inferior and look down on myself. I dare not speak in public, and I can't express myself properly when communicating with others, especially when talking with teachers or strangers. I always feel embarrassed, I don't know what to do, and I blush badly. I envy other students who can talk to Kan Kan in public leisurely. I strongly hope to change myself. Although I have made great efforts, I have never been significantly improved, and I am very distressed. From high school to college, students of the opposite sex rarely come and go, and others evaluate her as a cold and aloof person. I have developed the habit of being self-centered since I was a child. Therefore, in the process of growth and communication, there are fewer and fewer friends, slowly leaving the group and closing themselves up. Later, I began to reflect on myself and blame myself. This is my own fault. After a long time, I found myself as if I lost my temper. No matter who you have a conflict with, you think it's your own fault, and then you blame yourself deeply, or you hide your grievances in your heart. I always find it difficult to communicate with my classmates around me.
Establish a harmonious relationship. I'm worried that I can't adapt to social life after graduation. Recently, I feel very useless, extremely inferior, and have no courage to participate in any activities.
What's wrong with this girl's psychology? What are the causes of these psychological problems?
The key point of the answer: The psychological problem a girl encounters is interpersonal pressure caused by her social adaptation frustration. First of all, the psychological pressure she directly felt came from the disharmonious interpersonal relationship, and she experienced two extreme ways. First, I am too self-centered, divorced from the group and society, and then I am too self-centered, blaming myself for everything, losing myself and neglecting myself. Secondly, the fundamental reason is the lack of interpersonal skills in visitors' personality, which makes them feel the pressure of social adaptation urgently in real life. Thirdly, from her own growth experience, she can clearly realize that self-isolation caused by interpersonal conflicts is the main reason for the formation of her personality. So she consciously opens herself up, but the abrupt opening environment will inevitably bring her greater interpersonal pressure for a period of time. If she doesn't respond properly or evaluate herself properly, it is likely to bring psychological problems to visitors to some extent. Fourth, when faced with urgent interpersonal pressure, she initially adopted a more positive coping style. However, due to the lack of scientific understanding of the process of personality and ability training, she is too eager for quick success and instant benefit. After being frustrated, she easily falls into a negative coping style, thus making a wrong self-evaluation and making her psychological problems more serious.
2. Combined with the picture below, what is emotion? How do emotions arise? Why is it raining? One person was extremely depressed, while the other gave a hearty laugh. And combined with your own reality, talk about the way of emotional adjustment, how do you use it?
A: Emotion is a complex psychological phenomenon, which is based on people's needs. Emotion is a response to whether people's needs are met.
Objective things are the source of emotions, but the nature and weight of emotions are not determined by objective things, but by needs. When objective things meet people's needs, they will produce positive emotional experience. On the other hand, when objective things can't meet people's needs, it will produce negative emotional experience. Methods of emotional adjustment: (1) Evaluate yourself correctly (2) Music adjustment (3) Learning to speak (4) Moderate crying (5) Exercise adjustment (6) Self-motivation and self-confidence training. Emotion is a complex psychological phenomenon, which is based on people's needs. Emotion is a response to whether people's needs are met.
Objective things are the source of emotions, but the nature and weight of emotions are not determined by objective things, but by needs. When objective things meet people's needs, they will produce positive emotional experience. On the other hand, when objective things can't meet people's needs, it will produce negative emotional experience. Methods of emotional adjustment: (1) Evaluate yourself correctly (2) Music adjustment (3) Learning to speak (4) Moderate crying (5) Exercise adjustment (6) Self-motivation and self-confidence training.
3. When many students first enter the university campus, they often have some psychological discomfort, some confusion and anxiety. Why do freshmen have these psychological problems? And please talk about how to make psychological adjustment for freshmen according to your own experience.
For our college students, the psychological discomfort caused by the change of environment and role is not only caused by the lack of family, friendship and homesickness after entering the university, but also caused by homesickness when encountering practical difficulties. The disunity between the realistic university and the ideal university is also the main reason for the psychological gap and conflict among freshmen. Some people go to schools and majors they don't like. The heavy academic burden, severe employment situation, problems in learning methods and complicated interpersonal relationships all make freshmen feel lost, lonely, bored, lack of goals and difficult to adapt. 4. Case 1: A teenager complained to an old man that he had nothing. The old man said, "All right, let's make a deal." You give me your hand, and I'll give you 6.5438+0 million yuan. "The boy was taken aback:" You can't give me100000! The old man said, "Then give me your foot and I will make you governor." "The young man shook his head and said," you can't let me be president. "The old man suggested," Give me your eyes, and I will let you marry the most beautiful woman in this country. "The teenager refused without hesitation:" Even an angel can't buy my eyes. " The old man said strangely, "You have a pair of hands worth more than100000, feet more important than the presidency, and eyes tighter than God. Then how can you say that you have nothing? " The teenager suddenly realized that he had a very
I have never paid attention to precious things, let alone make full use of my strengths. Please think and answer the following questions: 1. What does this story give you? Please make an analysis of yourself according to your understanding of self-awareness. (such as: personality, appearance, psychological quality, interpersonal skills, hobbies, etc. )
When reading in class, Wang, a junior in a university, is always worried that someone will sit behind him and interfere.
I feel so insecure that I can only sit in the corner or against the wall, otherwise I can't study with peace of mind; I hate the behavior of a classmate playing radio at my roommate's place, and sometimes it is simply unbearable. Especially when I take a nap in the afternoon, I am always worried that the sound of the radio will interfere with me, so I can't sleep and often have a bad rest. But I am embarrassed to have a face-to-face conflict with him, because I think it may be my own fault to lose my temper over such a trivial matter. I can't get rid of this psychological dilemma for a long time, and I am very distressed, which has seriously affected my daily life and study. I am about to graduate, and I am at a loss. I'm worried that I can't find my ideal job, and sometimes I'm too lazy to think about it in the future, for fear of causing trouble. My study is average, and I am in the middle of the class. Seeing that other students are preparing for the postgraduate entrance examination, I want to take the exam myself, but I can't concentrate on my study. Inferiority, lack of self-confidence, negative attitude towards life, thinking that everything is terrible. My family is in the countryside, and the economic situation is average. I think I have the responsibility to shoulder the burden of my family, but I feel powerless.
On the causes and adjustment of wang's psychological pressure.