1. The significance of children's psychological development to their life
Parents are the first teachers of the children. Correct educational methods and a good and harmonious family atmosphere are very important for children's psychological growth. 1-2-year-old children have no ability to distinguish right from wrong, so parents should tell their children what is right, what is wrong, what can be done and what can't be done. Children should be encouraged to explore, do the right thing, explain the wrong thing, let them know where they are wrong and start again until things are done well. Try to meet the reasonable demands of children, explain the reasons for unreasonable demands and resolutely refuse. All obedience to children's wishes or requirements will have a negative impact on their psychological development. It is meaningful to patiently explain the truth to children. Although children may not know the truth to their parents, in the long run, children will gradually understand. When children are in trouble, it is good to have a peaceful mind to reason. When children grow up, they will also deal with problems in a reasonable way.
Parents should set a good example for their children, and children will unconsciously imitate their parents' words and deeds, so parents can't do what they were asked not to do at the beginning. In addition, parents should keep promises to their children, and what they promise must be fulfilled, and what they don't promise must not be done. In this way, parents will have prestige in their children's minds and can effectively educate their children in the process of cultivating their children.
Babies will smile selectively six months after birth and be afraid of strangers for eight months. A brief separation from the mother will cause anxiety, indicating that the baby has had certain psychological activities during this period. A baby's emotional dependence on his parents runs through his early life, and everything his parents say and do has a potential impact on his children. /kloc-children under 0/year old have established close and solid contact with their mothers, and also have communication behaviors with close people such as their fathers. I can control my behavior, my memory, imagination and thinking ability are gradually formed, my curiosity about things is enhanced, my imitation ability is rapidly growing, and I have initially possessed emotional activities of joy, anger, sadness and joy. During this period, the child's mood is very unstable and he has no ability to distinguish right from wrong. This is the embryonic stage of a person's various psychological characteristics.
During this period, if children can get correct guidance, it will be of great help to cultivate their good psychological quality. If not properly guided, it may develop into a person with various psychological problems. It is of great significance to pay attention to the development of children's psychological activities in this period.
2. How to treat children's rebellious psychology?
As children grow older, parents should put respect and trust in education first. Some people think that children can only be restrained without trust and respect, otherwise they will get out of control. Therefore, parents usually ignore their children's complaints and demands, and even choose a place to reprimand their children, which dampens their self-confidence and self-esteem and makes them afraid of their parents.
Some parents, especially the only child, are influenced by their children, so they can say whatever they want and do whatever they want, just to make their children listen to themselves.
Some even defend their children's shortcomings, lie for them, or brag too much about their children, which also suppresses their self-esteem. Once children understand, they will feel humiliated and angry at their parents' connivance. Over time, children will lose their trust and respect for their parents, and their parents' words will naturally be ignored, and their rebellious mentality will become more and more serious.
So, what should parents do to respect and trust their children? First of all, we must respect the child's personality. If the child does something right or well, let him know that he should do it and encourage him to do it. Don't exaggerate praise, especially avoid making inappropriate praise in front of everyone. When a child does something wrong or bad, he should make comments and criticisms, even severe criticisms, and take disciplinary measures to let him learn a lesson, but the criticism should also be realistic. Secondly, when children encounter difficulties, including learning knowledge and skills, dealing with some trivial matters in life, and some troubles between friends, parents should not do everything at this time, let alone scold them as "idiots." Take a look with concern, give hints and help, make them feel that they can do well and work hard, and get satisfaction from completing the task, thus enhancing their self-confidence.
Parents should comfort, encourage or guide their children when they are unhappy, including being criticized and wronged, or being left out in the cold, when their beloved toys are broken or when things to be done can never be done well. Teach children to repair their own toys, teach children to understand their partners or take the initiative to make up with their children.
In addition to all kinds of troubles, children will regard their parents as close friends and are willing to tell them everything. When their parents win their trust, they will enhance their self-confidence and realize their abilities.
Third, let children become parents' assistants and consultants, and parents can consciously discuss family affairs with their children. Be sure to thank him for his good work. Even if it is not good, don't think he helped, but tell him how to do it well.
If you are older, you can ask him for advice, such as where to play and what gifts to buy for grandparents' birthdays; Even where to put things at home and so on. Doing so will make children feel that they are adults and have the same qualifications as their parents to participate in "housework", so as to respect their parents more and take the initiative to be strict with themselves by the standards of "adults".
Let the children practice what they should and can do by themselves, without interference or doing it by themselves. Only in this way can children improve their sense of responsibility and self-confidence from their parents' trust and grow their talents.
As long as parents make their children feel that their parents can be trusted like friends and feel that they have a position in the family, they will like this family, like their parents, be willing to tell their parents what they think and accept their help.
Parents should not expect too much when educating their children. It is beyond reproach that parents in the world are United and expect their children to be "dragons" and women to be "phoenixes". However, some parents put forward some very high and strict requirements for their children without considering their actual situation. These requirements are beyond the tolerance of children, which will make children lose confidence and even produce boredom and rebellion.
3. Factors affecting children's mental health
Nowadays, quality education is the main education, and kindergartens are no exception. An important foundation of quality education is to make children develop healthily and comprehensively. However, science education and knowledge and skill learning sometimes conflict with mental health and physical and mental health. Therefore, both schools and kindergartens should attach importance to children's physical and mental health quality to ensure the normal development of science education and learning activities. Childhood is also an important period of life development, during which personality and many psychological qualities are formed, which is a key period of life development.
But in recent years, I have accompanied many children along the way, and I have seen that children show selfishness, conceit, willfulness, irritability, emotional fragility, independence and poor social skills. These may become hidden dangers of children's psychological problems. Therefore, family is the most important and basic environment for children's psychological development, and its influence on children's mental health is not only manifested in the influence of biological inheritance, but also in the influence of parents' emotional attitude, personality, value orientation and psychological morality on children.
4. Ways and methods to carry out mental health education in kindergartens
Children's growth is influenced by their physical and mental development characteristics, and their understanding and cognitive abilities are at a low level. Therefore, their mental health education should not overemphasize the formation of ideas, but should organically penetrate and integrate into the whole process of kindergarten education through various ways and means of game activities. 1. Create a good environment for children's mental health education.
The Regulations on Kindergarten Work clearly points out that it is necessary to "create a good environment suitable for education and provide opportunities and conditions for children to exercise and express their abilities". The physical environment should be safe, comfortable, hygienic and practical, green, beautified, purified, childlike, interesting and educational. The psychological environment should have all the space and atmosphere suitable for children's life, study and activities. A good living, learning and activity environment helps children to form good habits, promote personality development, cultivate children's ability to communicate with peers and cooperative spirit, and make children grow up healthily.
2. Organize various game activities to educate children on mental health.
Children's education activities are carried out through various game activities, so that children can master all kinds of knowledge and skills in game activities and accumulate life experience. In the game activities, children will learn how to get along well with their peers, how to abide by various rules, and cultivate their cooperation ability, group consciousness, attention and willpower, so that their emotional, social and personality can develop harmoniously, and their physical and mental needs can be met and happy.
3. Carry out children's mental health education in education and teaching activities.
In each theme education activity, according to the content of education theme, combined with children's cognitive characteristics and development level, we choose the education and teaching methods that are conducive to children's mental health development and implement mental health education.
4. Carry out children's mental health education in daily life.
Children's daily life is a period when children's interpersonal communication is frequent and their psychological activities and qualities are naturally revealed. Using every link in life to educate children's mental health is conducive to cultivating children's psychological qualities such as attention, willpower, observation and emotional will.
5. Close family cooperation and carry out children's mental health education.
The healthy growth of children can not be separated from the cooperation of family, kindergarten, society and family. The active cooperation of these factors is conducive to the healthy growth of children's body and mind. Families and kindergartens should cooperate closely, feed back their children's development at home and in the garden in time, understand their psychological needs, provide timely help and guidance, correct their psychological problems in time, prevent their psychological obstacles, and provide targeted mental health education for their children, which is conducive to their healthy growth.
6. Pay attention to individual differences and strengthen children's mental health education.
Children's mental health education must be based on children's physiological and psychological development characteristics. Every child is a different individual, with both personality and personality, and psychological differences. Therefore, children's mental health education should be targeted, pay attention to individual differences, and promote the improvement and healthy development of each child's physical and mental health.