Solution: From Jinling Xinlinpu to Banqiao to Xuancheng County.
Common sense of literature:
1, Xie Tiao:
Also known as "big and small thanks" with Xie Lingyun, he is one of the founders of Yongming Style. One of the "Eight Friends of Jingling"; The world calls it "Xie Xuancheng".
Eight Friends of Jingling: During the period of Qi Yongming in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, a large number of literati gathered around Wang Xiao in Jingling, forming a literary group, which was called "Eight Friends of Jingling" in the history of literature, including,, Xie Tiao,,, Fan Yun, and Lu Shu.
2. Contents:
Revealed the fear and dissatisfaction of the internal struggle of the ruling group, and achieved great success in landscape poetry.
Writing background: Xie Tiao was a magistrate from Jinling (Nanjing) to Xuancheng (Anhui). Before that, he experienced a complicated battle for the throne. Within a year, he changed three emperors and three titles.
"Heaven knows the boat, and the cloud knows the river tree."
The verbs "knowledge" and "argument" convey the poet's subjective feelings when facing the scenery. Wang Fuzhi praised him as "a man full of secrets and ready to come out at any time."
"Although there is no mysterious leopard posture, it is hidden in the fog of Nanshan."
Xuanbao: In ancient times, it was said that there was a Xuanbao in Nanshan. Because I cherish fur and protect literary talent, I can't publish it. Classic "Biography of Lienv".
The meaning of allusions:
Finally, I used allusions to show that I cherish my reputation, govern politics seriously, hide my official position, avoid disasters, and unify my feelings with Cangzhou's interests.
The whole poem is divided into two layers:
(1) The first four sentences use simple brushwork to outline the scenery such as rivers, returning boats and cloud trees seen in the distance. The description of the flow direction of the river contains attachment to the capital.
The last eight sentences are lyrical, and I am glad that my trip has been far away from the hubbub and the whole body is far away from disaster.
18, Qiu Chi and Chen Bozhi's book.
Common sense of literature
Qiu Chi: Fan, a native of Qiliang, Zhejiang Province, is good at parallel prose and landscape poetry, and has written Li Yici's Autumn Collection.
Writing background:
This is an exquisite parallel prose written by Qiu Chi to Chen Bozhi who surrendered in the Northern Wei Dynasty. After receiving the letter, he attached great importance to it. Sure enough, he led his troops back to Liang. This letter played a great role in the political appeal.
What is parallel prose?
Parallel prose is also called parallel prose, parallel prose or parallel prose; In ancient times, words and sentences were opposite and formed a chapter. It is also called "Liu Siwen" or "Zhang Li Siliu" because it often uses four or six sentences.
The whole article is mainly composed of two sentences (even sentences, even sentences), paying attention to the neatness of the antithesis and the loud melody.
The whole article is four or six sentences, paying attention to language and literary talent, and paying attention to rhythm and rhyme.
What is contrast?
Contrast is to put two opposite things or two opposite aspects of the same thing together and describe or explain them by comparison. This writing technique is called contrast, also called contrast.
Artistic features:
1, the use of contrast in the letter makes the text moving and the reasoning thorough.
For example, in the first paragraph, the comparison between Chen Bozhi's alignment with Liang and Liang's entry into Wei has two meanings, which is the comparison between wisdom and stupidity, and the result is the comparison between "strong" and "bad".
Another example is the comparison between the disintegration of the Northern Wei regime in the third paragraph and the "Emperor Ming Sheng" in the Liang Dynasty, which is comprehensive and powerful in terms of past and present, interests, right and wrong, and friend or foe.
2. As a kind of parallel prose, there are many allusions in the letter, which increase the connotation of reason.
Artistic characteristics (analyze the reasons in detail)
1, with both sense and reason, rational analysis and perceptual demands are intertwined and progressive.
First, compare the facts and let the other person wake up. At that time, the reason for being named to go to Shangliang to vote for Wei was that "you can't introspect and be rumored by the outside world." Based on historical allusions and hometown, magnanimity influenced the progress, and then Chen said that the reality was grim, pointing out that the Liang Dynasty was thriving and the Northern Wei Dynasty was killing each other.
Beautiful words, supported by facts, are beneficial.
2. Use scenery to express feelings in the middle. "In March, the grass grows in the south of the Yangtze River, the peanut trees are mixed, and the warblers fly around" is a famous sentence describing the beautiful scenery of the south of the Yangtze River, which inspires each other to miss the motherland and love the countryside.
3. The last paragraph expounds the immediate form, which includes both a warning to the other party's consideration and a concern for the friendship of friends. The whole article is reasonable and emotional.
19, Kong's "Northern Language"
Common sense of literature
1, hole, word.
2. During the Southern Dynasties and the Song Dynasty, Jiang Yan exchanged notes. History books say that the moire pattern is clear and sparse, and it doesn't like the secular, like mountains and rivers, and is good at writing.
3. The event set of Kong Zhan.
Writing background:
During the Six Dynasties, the thoughts of Laozi and Zhuangzi prevailed. Noble literati loved to live in seclusion in the beautiful Shan Ye environment in the south of the Yangtze River, but they were greedy for high officials and generous salaries, so they lived in seclusion, but they were duplicitous.
Ideological content: in the name of mountain gods, satirize hermits' greed for official positions.
Publish a proclamation in the name of the mountain god of Zhongshan (Beishan, Nanjing, Jiangsu), expose the ugly souls of feudal literati who pretend to be lofty, but actually strive for fame and fortune, expose their hypocritical faces of seclusion and resume their jobs, and resolutely refuse to let fake hermits enter Beishan mountain forest again. This is deeply ironic.
Artistic feature
1, the use of comparison.
2. Use anthropomorphic techniques. The description of mountain scenery is anthropomorphic and more vivid. Fengyun Spring Stone seems to have infected people's feelings, rather than the author's laughing and cursing, which enhances the image and lyricism of the article.
3. It is an excellent parallel prose with neat sentences. Fight against each other, rhetoric is gorgeous, allusions are used, and the coordination of phonology is emphasized. Long and short sentences are used interactively, long sentences are soothing, short sentences are anxious, and different situations and feelings are expressed.
The main writing feature of this paper is the use of contrast.
1. First, compare true hermits and false hermits in history. True hermits are noble, false hermits are "often uneven" and changeable.
2. Secondly, compare the thoughts and behaviors of the false hermit Zhou Zi before and after.
At the beginning of the day, "the land is full of sunshine, and first frost is in autumn", full of pride;
When the imperial edict arrived, it was all smiles, duplicity and hypocrisy.
3. Once again, compare the busy pride of the hermit with the loneliness, grief and indignation of the mountain forest. Highlight the condemnation of the false hermit and uncover the hypocrisy of the false hermit layer by layer.
Key sentence
1, "tears of sorrow of Zhai Zi, tears of all people" is the code name of Huai Nan Zi. 2. Two sentences, "Although I pretended to be in Gao Jiang, I fell in love with a good gentleman" and "Did I fall in love at first sight, or did I lose my loyalty first", describe the fake hermit.
3. Zhou Zi changed his mind after receiving the imperial edict.
20. Gan Bao's Li Ji
Li Ji is from Gan Bao's Searching for God.
Ideological content:
Li Ji narrates the heroic deeds of Li Ji, a young girl, and praises her brave, resourceful and fearless fighting spirit. It is also of profound significance to oppose ignorance, superstition and son preference.
Li Ji's characters:
In order to oppose feudal discrimination and unfair fate, Li Ji stepped forward and killed the snake.
Before cutting the snake, she made full preparations, prepared a sword, brought a dog and made rice balls. Fight the snake, spit out the snake, release the dog and sword, the steps are clear, and finally kill the big snake.
The stupidity, cowardice and incompetence of local officials reflect Li Ji's sobriety, courage and ability.
Li Ji is brave and resourceful. He is not afraid of violence.
2 1, "Mo Xie"
Background:
It's from Searching for the Gods, and this story is also recorded in the Biography of Ley and Magnolia Taiping.
Captain Mo Xie:
In the name of Gu Jian, these two swords were recorded in works such as Zhuangzi Sheng Da and Xunzi's Theory of Evil Nature during the Warring States Period.
As early as the Western Han Dynasty, in Liu Xiang's Biography of Martyrs, there was a story that a cadre was killed and his son took revenge.
Story clue: the father was killed → the son took revenge → committed suicide → dismembered.
Story plot:
Revenge: The general was killed by casting a sword.
Revenge ups and downs: Chibi took revenge with his sword, was chased by the king of Chu, and fled to the mountains, where guests appeared.
Revenge climax: Chibi committed suicide, tourists in the mountains cooked Chibi's head, lured the king of Chu into the pot, cut off the king's head, and the guests committed suicide.
End of the story: buried in the tomb of the three kings.
Ideological content:
This work was killed by a skillful craftsman, and the chess pieces were avenged by his father, which reflected the people's hatred of the rulers' atrocities and their praise of the tenacious struggle consciousness.
Artistic features:
Content: The work was killed by a skillful craftsman, and his son Chibi avenged his father.
Thought: It embodies the people's hatred of the rulers' atrocities and their praise of their tenacious will to struggle.
Features: Revenge runs through the whole work, with tortuous plot, complete structure and strong romantic color.
22. Liu Yiqing's "Ziyou Visiting Dai"
Common sense of literature:
1, Liu Yiqing, the imperial clan of Liu and Song Dynasties in Southern Dynasties.
2, like literature, recruit writers to write "Shi Shuo Xin Yu", and later generations changed it to "Shi Shuo Xin Yu".
3. Shi Shuo Xin Yu is a famous note novel, which contains the speeches and anecdotes of literati from the end of Han Dynasty to the Eastern Jin Dynasty. It shows the life scene and mental outlook of this period, as well as the morality, thought and practice at that time.
4. Lu Xun commented that "the words are profound and cold, and the lines are lofty and simple."
This article is selected from Shi Shuo Ren Xinyu Sheng.
Ziyou: Wang Huizhi, Ziyou, the fifth son of Wang Xizhi.
Dai: I mean, the word ""is not enterprising, good at drumming, good at writing, good at painting and calligraphy, and good at carving.
Ren Birthday: Wei Jin people often act willfully in their lives, which is called Ren Birthday.
Ideological content:
1. This article records this segment of Wang Huizhi's life.
Snowy night, drinking, watching the snow, reciting the poem "Zhao Yin".
Interview with the hermit Diane said: "Go on impulse and come back when you are happy."
What he pursues in life is "interest", as well as interest and interest.
All kinds of activities on hakodate are based on sex, which is a frank act without constraints and restrictions, and a popular celebrity romance at that time.
23. At the beginning of the week
Ideological content:
It is intended to praise the rehabilitation at the beginning of the week, which is the focus of the full text.
Turn over a new leaf at the beginning of the week, highlighting three points:
First, he is "chivalrous". When I was young, I "tied my chest" and "violently attacked the people", but I was chivalrous, so I promised to kill the tiger and chop the dumpling;
Second, he "changed his mind" and found himself "suffering from human illness" and immediately repented;
The third is what Lu Yun taught him. He understood the truth of being a man, and finally changed from evil to good, becoming a "loyal minister and dutiful son."
The whole day is clear, detailed, reasonable and instructive.
24. The folk song "Xizhou Song" in the Southern Dynasties
Common sense of literature:
Southern folk songs:
1. In the history of literature, there were about 500 Yuefu songs from the Eastern Jin Dynasty to the end of the Southern Dynasty.
2. It is mainly included in Shang Qing Quci and Zaqu Ci in Guo Maoqian's Yuefu poems in Song Dynasty.
Shang Qing Quci can be divided into five tones and western songs:
(1) Wu Sheng is a folk song around Jianye (now Nanjing, Jiangsu) in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River.
(2) Opera is a kind of folk song in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and Hanshui River Basin.
3. The contents of folk songs in the Southern Dynasties are mostly love songs sung by women, expressing frank and healthy love, and some are frivolous and gaudy. Generally speaking, they are famous for their euphemistic nature and good at using homophonic puns. At that time, literati liked to imitate Yuefu folk songs.
Xizhou Song belongs to Yuefu miscellaneous songs in the Southern Dynasties, and it is a folk song in the Southern Dynasties after being processed by the scripture writers. Xizhou is a place name where a woman and her lover once met in the poem. It is the representative work of Yuefu folk songs in the Southern Dynasties.
Structure content:
On the first floor, from the beginning to "crossing the bridge with two oars", it is written that a woman wants to fold Meiyao and send her lover to show her lovesickness.
On the second level, from "the shrike flies at dusk" to "going out to pick red lotus flowers", I wrote about lovesickness day and night from summer to autumn.
The third layer is from "picking lotus in Nantang in autumn" to "looking up to Hong Fei", and picking lotus in late summer and early autumn.
On the fourth floor, from "Men's Week" to "The Sea Shakes Green", women are all writing about going upstairs in autumn, but they can't expect a letter.
The women in the poem miss each other day and night all year round, and their feelings are delicate and touching.
Lotus seed: Reiko Kobayakawa's homonym means love you.
Green as water: it means that a woman's love is as pure as blue autumn water.
Touhong: Touhong is a metaphor for women's love, sincerity and loyalty.
Artistic features:
1, the use of homophonic pun rhetoric.
The image of "lotus" appears many times, which is homophonic with "pity". "Lotus seed" means "Reiko Kobayakawa", which means a loving person.
"Bow your head and take lotus seeds" means to caress your lover;
"Lotus seeds are as green as water" means that the love for lovers is as pure as water;
"Hold the lotus in your arms" means that you cherish your lover;
"Lotus heart is all red" means the maturity and enthusiasm of love.
2. The rhetorical device of thimble (truth) is used to connect the sentences before and after;
The wind blows the birds and tickles the tree-in front of the tree.
Picking red lotus when going out —— Picking lotus in autumn in Nantang
Bow your head and take lotus seeds-lotus seeds are as green as water.
Looking up at Hong Fei-Hong Fei is all over the western state.
Watch the lang go to the brothel-you can't see the height of the building.
25. The Northern Dynasty folk song "Folding Willow Song" does not catch a whip.
26. The Northern Dynasty folk song "Folding Willow" has a sad stomach.
It's good to know.
Common sense of literature:
1. Folk songs in the Northern Dynasties generally refer to the "music of the beams and drums" in Guo Maoqian's Yuefu poems in the Song Dynasty.
The ballads of northern minorities such as Xianbei are the main ones, or they have been translated and polished by Han literati.
2. The folk songs of the Northern Dynasties reflected the broader life, especially the reality of the turbulent society at that time, and also endowed the martial arts spirit. Among them, the theme of love songs is extensive and straightforward, and the style is more simple than that of the Southern Dynasties.
Cultural background:
1. It is an ancient custom to fold willows to say goodbye. "Those who leave the willows will stay", and those who bid farewell often fold the willows as a souvenir. Yuefu poems with the theme of folding willows began in the Han Dynasty, and most of the existing works are in the Southern and Northern Dynasties.
2. There are * * * five Songs of the Willow in Yuefu in the Northern Dynasties, and the two selected here are the answers when the husband and wife leave.
Ideological content: The first song was sung by the husband who went to war to express his attachment to him.
I have been riding a horse, but I picked it up instead of whipping it. Yang Liuzhi said, I hope to stay, but the parting song echoes around me, so I "feel sad from it", which includes both the sadness of parting, the hardships along the way, and the infinite sadness for the future.
The last one is the wife's reply, which shows her sadness.
When the husband went out to war, the wife was "unhappy" and expressed extreme sadness with overlapping meaning. He wants to turn pain into pleasure and go to war with her husband. Rich imagination and deep love are in line with the brave character of northern women and the scene of her husband's departure. This kind of tone can't be found in the works of literati.
Artistic features:
Because it is a couple's answer, the two poems are connected in content and use the same words.
The first song mentioned saddle, and the second song used saddle imagination;
The first song uses "sorrow to kill", and the last song echoes with "sorrow to unhappiness";
The "food seat" is used before and after, the former is to render the parting atmosphere, and the latter is to show that husband and wife are inseparable.