Personality is gradually formed in the interaction between heredity and environment.
① Biological genetic factors: Genetic quality determines a person's physical quality and is a natural prerequisite for personality development. Parents' looks, physique and posture may be passed on to their children. In the early stage of life, genetic factors play a greater role than environment.
② Social and cultural factors: Social culture has the function of shaping personality, which makes the personality structure of its social members develop in a similar direction.
③ Family environment factors: Family is the cell of society, and the educational function of family to children mainly focuses on the differences of family and the influence of different parenting styles on personality.
④ Childhood experience: A happy childhood is conducive to a child's healthy personality development, and an unfortunate childhood will also make a child form a bad personality. But there is no one-to-one correspondence between them. Early experience can't act on personality alone, it determines the formation and development of personality together with other factors.
⑤ Physical factors: Physical factors such as ecological environment, climatic conditions, and the degree of space congestion will affect the formation and development of personality.
School education:
According to the educational goal of a certain society, school education exerts influence on students in a planned and step-by-step way, which directly restricts the direction and basic quality of students' personality development. The role of school education in students' socialization is mainly realized through the interaction between teachers and students. Teachers play a guiding role in the development of students' personality.
Teachers' moral cultivation, knowledge and experience, teaching skills and attitude towards students are of great significance to students' socialization and personality development. Lei Wen and others have studied the influence of teachers with different management styles on students' personality. The results show that students show different personality characteristics under authoritarian, laissez-faire and democratic management styles.
Under the autocratic management mode, students are efficient, dependent, lack of independent action and often dissatisfied; Students with laissez-faire management style are inefficient and willful, and often encounter failures and setbacks; In the democratic management style, students' goal of completing homework is consistent and positive, and they rarely show dissatisfaction.