The most common diseases in winter are cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as hypertensive myocardial infarction; Respiratory diseases, such as bronchitis and upper respiratory infection; Skin diseases such as chilblain.
1, cardiovascular diseases represented by hypertension, coronary heart disease, angina pectoris and myocardial infarction.
High-risk groups: the elderly, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, obesity, lack of exercise and people with a family history of cardiovascular disease.
Prevention: control risk factors such as blood pressure, blood sugar and blood lipid. In winter, due to the large temperature difference, blood vessels are easy to contract and spasm, and dryness is also easy to cause blood viscosity and induce coronary heart disease. Pay attention to keep warm and avoid excessive contraction of blood vessels; Replenish water, drink more water and urinate more every day to reduce blood viscosity; Avoid eating cold food; After the sun comes out, you can go out for exercise, usually indoors; Maintain emotional stability.
2. Cerebrovascular diseases represented by stroke and cerebral thrombosis.
High-risk groups: the elderly, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and people with family history of cerebrovascular disease and related medical history.
Prevention: vasoconstriction, high blood pressure viscosity, high blood pressure in winter to promote thrombosis, more likely to lead to stroke. Pay attention to keep warm and control risk factors; Pay attention to taking medicine on time if you have diseases; Diet should be low in salt and fat to ensure fresh fruits; Keep a cool mind.
3. Respiratory diseases represented by colds, chronic bronchitis and asthma.
High-risk group: the whole population, especially those with sub-health and related medical history.
Prevention: avoid catching a cold, keep warm when going out, and bring your own anti-inflammatory drugs at home. If you have a history of chronic bronchitis, you can take oxygen at home, and you should not eat cold, greasy, spicy and other irritating foods. Asthma patients should pay attention to avoid cold air.
4. Skin diseases represented by skin itching.
High-risk group: people with dry skin or skin diseases such as chilblain in the past.
Prevention: In winter, due to the reduction of human body's production and secretion, there will be insufficient oil on the skin surface, and the skin's resistance will decrease, which is very prone to skin itching. Don't take too many baths, otherwise it will cause damage to the cuticle of the skin, but don't use alkaline shower gel when taking a bath, and be sure to use skin cream after taking a bath. Keep your hands warm to prevent frostbite, and try to avoid washing your hands with cold water.
In a word, when winter comes, it is the key to treat basic diseases, keep a good attitude, live a regular life, keep warm, control weight, eat a low-salt low-fat low-calorie diet, exercise more, quit smoking and drinking, and check regularly.