Most of the existing observation records in kindergartens refer to file records. To sort out and record children's activities or all kinds of children's activities, it is a method to observe the object under natural conditions, truthfully record the behavior of the observed object, and on the basis of analyzing the behavior record of the object, find out the problems, find out the reasons and improve the educational behavior. The purpose of kindergarten observation records is also to find and exist problems, gradually improve education, and finally promote the healthy development of young children. Therefore, combined with archival records, observation records are not just simple activity records. Its mission is to make teachers better follow the spirit of the new "Outline" when paying attention to every child, so as to be more conducive to the education of every child and the behavior correction of special children, so that teachers can independently and deeply seek and master the methods of observing children, improve their observation acuity and truly implement "teaching students in accordance with their aptitude". Therefore, it reflects a series of development processes of the observed object, and also reflects the interaction between teachers and observation, children and observation, parents and teachers, which really plays the role of teacher-student interaction, thus improving the teaching quality.
(1) Methods and forms of observation records:
Our garden has carried out the record work of "Children's Growth Handbook". The teacher gives each child a small note every day, a big note every month and a total note at the end of the term. It mainly collects children's works and related materials to reflect children's interests, attitudes and children's development in specific fields. It can be an objective record and analysis in the process of activities, it can be "childish words" or "whimsical" thinking, it can be a child's work, and it can also be a child's "heart". This paper mainly adopts the method of "process observation record", combining random, narrative and original oral observation records, systematically sorting out and showing the whole learning process.
(2) the way of observation records:
1. dribs and drabs of records: The teacher randomly records the interesting and meaningful behaviors and languages of children in a natural scene, and these dribs and drabs of records are also a true portrayal of children's personality development, hobbies and knowledge, which can be seen from small to large. Because of these children's interesting answers, the original complex and cruel war was very simple and vivid, which also attracted the attention of other children.
2. Growth record: In order to record children's behavior and language in activities in real time and reach a * * * understanding with parents, the Growth Manual designed by our garden is a comprehensive, fast, effective and communicative growth file. The Growth Handbook is a comprehensive, rapid and communicative growth file. In the Growth Handbook, we are divided into three age groups, and we focus on education investigation according to different ages. For example, in small classes, life (such as eating, taking a nap, manners, emotions, etc. ) mainly ticking, supplemented by short written records when necessary; The middle and large classes write handwritten records from the aspects of cooperation with peers, independence in solving difficulties, participation in activities, initiative and creativity. At the same time, the "Growth Manual" of our garden also contains various test records of children's physical development every semester, so that parents can not only know their children's situation in the garden in time and comprehensively, but also systematically see their growth and development.
3. Tracking record: Middle-class children have a certain degree of autonomy. He has his own set of behaviors. He will beat around the bush and try his best to achieve his goal. He will "work hard" for this for several days and repeat it emotionally. Adults sometimes can't understand the real purpose of children, so adults should learn to pay more attention to what children say. The opportunity of this kind of education is precisely because of tracking records, which makes teachers unable to predict the development of the situation.
4. Work record: mainly record children's paintings, handmade works and classified record exercises in math class. It encourages children to take part in various activities more actively.
Second, the experience and difficulties in applying these methods.
Experience and understanding of observation and recording;
(1) Observe the communication in the record.
With detailed observation records, teachers can really enter the inner world of children, and finally analyze and evaluate children accurately and scientifically, and find appropriate educational countermeasures.
1. Communication with children: At first, children were curious about our recording work and wanted to know why the teacher recorded with a pen all day and why he took pictures of them with a camera. And whenever we aim the camera at them, sensitive children will avoid the camera, but generous children will put a POS, which makes us laugh and cry! Gradually, smart children also feel that our records are related to them, and will come forward and ask, "Teacher, what are you writing?" In order to satisfy children's curiosity and eliminate their doubts and anxieties, we read the recorded photos to children and put them in his portfolio for him to see. The communication between teachers and students is natural and harmonious. Because children know that teachers are recording their progress, they are more active in activities and try their best to show their excellent aspects to teachers. The way we read records is also welcomed by young children. Whenever reading the record, even the most naughty children will be quiet. They will be proud of their Excellence and happy for the progress of others. They shared their happiness, and their self-confidence rose quietly under the teacher's concern for him.
2. Communicate with teachers in the same class: Two teachers in the class usually record their findings. On weekends, they will sit down and communicate, analyze each case according to the records, find problems, find reasons, discuss countermeasures, contact parents and educate together. The most important thing is to reflect on re-education. For example, there is a boy named Zhu Shuhao in my class, and the complaint rate has soared for a while. More than one child complains about him every day. We also persuaded and educated him, and the little boy's attitude was also very open-minded, but after a while, the complaint rate remained high, which caused our two teachers to reflect on education. Later, I carefully followed up and found that the reason was Zhu Shuhao's communication style. He is not good at communicating with words, but directly uses actions to lead communication, so that other children don't understand his way and often misunderstand him, thinking that Zhu Shuhao is deceiving others, which eventually forms a vicious circle. This is the reason for his high complaint rate. So, on the one hand, our teacher taught him positive communication methods, let him actively express his ideas and let other children know what you want to do; On the other hand, in class, I also helped Zhu Shuhao clarify some of his original intentions in front of everyone, so that other children could understand him, take the initiative to play with him and accept him with tolerance. At the same time, he also got in touch with his parents, thus gaining an understanding of education. Later, children's complaints were significantly reduced and their communication skills were gradually improved.