1. scientific cooling: don't stay in an air-conditioned room for a long time.
The temperature is high in summer, so patients with hypertension should pay attention to heatstroke prevention and cooling. When using air conditioner indoors, the temperature should not be adjusted too low, with 27 as the appropriate temperature, and the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor should not exceed 8. Avoid blowing directly into the air conditioner, and don't stay in the air-conditioned room for a long time, otherwise symptoms such as dizziness, discomfort and blood pressure contraction may occur. Don't take a shower right away when you come home from the outside covered in sweat. Drink a cup of warm water first, rest for 15 minutes and then rinse.
2. Drink water at a constant speed: 200 ml or 300 ml at a time.
You can't drink a lot of water immediately after sweating heavily in summer, which is easy to cause a sudden drop in blood pressure, leading to cerebral ischemia and fainting. Drink water regularly, don't wait for thirst before drinking, choose warm water or honeysuckle chrysanthemum water. Just drink 200-300ml at a time. Drink water at a constant speed, and don't overeat. The time interval is 1- 1.5h, and the total daily drinking water of the elderly should not exceed 3000ml at most, because the metabolic function of the body is poor when people are old.
3. Diet should be light: eat more foods containing calcium and potassium and strictly limit salt.
Patients with hypertension should have a light diet in summer and eat more fresh fruits, vegetables and bean products rich in calcium and potassium, such as cucumbers, celery, mung beans, soybeans and peaches. In particular, it is necessary to control the intake of salt, not exceeding 8 grams per day. Excessive salt intake will harden blood vessels and increase blood pressure. It is necessary to control the fat in the diet and excessive cereal staple food, and appropriately increase foods rich in protein and low in fat, such as poultry and fish.
4. Moderate exercise: The exercise time is changed from morning to evening.
Exercise in summer must change the habit of morning exercise, and it is not advisable to get up too early in the morning, because high blood viscosity in the morning is easy to induce cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. You can choose to exercise in the evening or at night. Exercise methods include walking, jogging, Tai Chi and so on. Time is 30-40 minutes, not too long. Slight sweating exercise is appropriate, 3-5 times a week.
5. Get enough sleep: sleep at night 10: 30, and take a nap at noon.
For patients with hypertension, the law of daily life is very important. It is best to go to bed before 10: 30 at night and sleep for 7-8 hours every day. Don't watch TV for a long time before going to bed and don't talk too much. You can drink a glass of milk or yogurt, which has a calming effect. Many elderly people have poor sleep quality at night, so it is recommended to rest for about 40 minutes at noon to supplement lack of sleep and stabilize blood pressure.
6. Blood pressure should be self-tested: 3 time periods are the best.
Blood pressure fluctuation is inevitable in summer, so you should take a sphygmomanometer to test yourself every day at home. There are three best time periods for measuring blood pressure: just getting up in the morning, around noon 12, and eating at seven or eight in the evening. Reference of normal blood pressure range: systolic blood pressure 130- 140mmHg, diastolic blood pressure 80-90mmHg.
7. Drugs should be adjusted: they can be reduced, but they cannot be stopped.
Due to high temperature and systemic peripheral vasodilation, the patient's blood pressure may be lower than usual, so the dosage can be reduced. Under the guidance of a doctor, long-acting sustained-release antihypertensive drugs can be selected, but they cannot be stopped. In addition, some elderly people will have high blood pressure in summer and suddenly come on at night, so they can take some sleep-helping drugs according to the doctor's advice.
8. Emotional stability: avoid quarrels to prevent accidents.
Patients should keep a happy mood, do what they like, and try to avoid impatience, anxiety and depression. Be sure to avoid quarreling with others, which will easily lead to high blood pressure and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents.
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