Ng/ml often suggests digestive tract tumors. However, 15% ~ 53% of patients with smoking, pregnancy and cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, nonspecific colitis and other diseases will also increase their serum CEA, so CEA is not a specific marker of malignant tumor, but only has auxiliary diagnostic value. In addition, serum CEA level has obvious relationship with the staging of colorectal cancer. The more serious the lesion, the higher the CEA concentration.
Alpha-fetoprotein is a glycoprotein. Under normal circumstances, this protein mainly comes from embryonic liver cells, and alpha-fetoprotein disappears from the blood about two weeks after the birth of the fetus, so the content of alpha-fetoprotein in normal human serum is less than 20μ g/L. However, when the liver cells become cancerous, the function of producing this protein is restored, and its content in serum will increase sharply with the deterioration of the disease, so alpha-fetoprotein becomes a specific clinical indicator for diagnosing primary liver cancer.
There are several methods to detect AFP. If the alpha-fetoprotein measured by radioimmunoassay is more than 500 μ g/L for 4 weeks, or 200 ~ 500 μ g/L for 8 weeks, after excluding other factors causing the increase of alpha-fetoprotein, such as acute and chronic hepatitis, posthepatitic cirrhosis, embryonal tumor, digestive tract tumor, etc., it is necessary to combine localization examination, such as B-ultrasound, ct, magnetic resonance imaging, etc. However, AFP will also increase in normal pregnant women, a few cases of hepatitis cirrhosis and gonadal malignant tumors, but the increase rate is not as high as that of liver cancer. The serum alpha-fetoprotein concentration in patients with liver cirrhosis is mostly between 25 ~ 200μg/L, generally at 2.
It will decline with the improvement of the disease within a few months, and most of them will not exceed 2 months; There is also an increase in transaminase. When transaminase decreases, so does alpha-fetoprotein. Serum alpha-fetoprotein concentration is often parallel to transaminase. If the alpha-fetoprotein concentration is
500
Above μ g/L, although there is an increase in transaminase, there is a great possibility of liver cancer. If transaminase decreases or stabilizes, and alpha-fetoprotein increases, liver cancer should also be highly suspected.
Eight months before the symptoms of liver cancer, alpha-fetoprotein has increased. At this time, most patients with liver cancer still have no obvious symptoms and the tumor is small. After surgical treatment, the prognosis of these patients can be significantly improved. Therefore, patients with liver cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis and those with liver cancer in their families should be tested once every six months.