How to design the lead-in board of morality and society

First, what is import? In fact, the lead-in link is a relatively short and indispensable important link in classroom teaching and the first link in teaching activities. Introduction, also called lecture, generally has three purposes: First, teachers guide students to make psychological and cognitive preparations for learning new courses before a new teaching content activity begins. Second, let students know the teaching content, learning purpose and learning method. Thirdly, a kind of teaching behavior that produces learning expectation and participation needs is the first important classroom teaching link to introduce the new curriculum. The psychological task of introduction is to stimulate interest and emotion, generate learning motivation and introduce students into the learning situation of new curriculum. In short, lead-in is a way for teachers to guide students into the learning state at the beginning of a new teaching content and teaching activities. It requires teachers to quickly create a harmonious teaching mood and classroom atmosphere, stimulate interest and emotion, and bring students into an ideal realm that is suitable for teaching tasks and teaching contents. Second, the role of import clarifies the concept of import. Next, talk about the important role of lead-in: as the first link of the new curriculum, lead-in undoubtedly plays a decisive role. Its important function is shown in the following four aspects: 1. Stimulate interest and generate learning motivation; 2. Get attention and concentrate quickly; 3. Reveal the topic and reflect the teaching intention; 4. Exchange feelings and create learning situations. Say it one by one: 1. Stimulate interest and generate learning motivation. What I want to say here is to stimulate children's enthusiasm and enthusiasm for classroom content learning. With interest, you naturally have the motivation and desire to continue your studies. Einstein said, "Interest is the best teacher." Interest is the driving force for students to actively study and think. Confucius, an ancient educator in China, also said: "Knowing is not as good as being kind, and being kind is not as good as being happy." The thirst for knowledge arising from love and happiness is the driving force to overcome all difficulties. Therefore, teachers should be persuasive at the beginning of class, awaken students' thirst for knowledge, make them realize that learning should achieve goals and significance, and stimulate their inner learning motivation. 2. Get attention and concentrate quickly. Why should children concentrate and think? I think! I'm afraid all teachers will have this feeling: at the beginning of class, children's attention is scattered, and the study of new courses requires children to devote themselves wholeheartedly and highly to their studies. In fact, from a psychological point of view, students are in a tense and negative state when they first attend class. Vivid and novel introduction can make students naturally enter the best learning state, form an "exciting center" of new knowledge in the cerebral cortex and related nerve centers, make them concentrate quickly, and make psychological preparations for completing new learning tasks. 3. Reveal the theme and reflect the teaching intention. Revealing the theme and reflecting the teaching intention mentioned here is mainly to let students know the learning tasks and main contents preliminarily. Defining tasks at the beginning of the new curriculum is conducive to the internal motivation of children's learning. 4. Exchange feelings and create learning situations. There is an old saying in China: Only by being close to the teacher can you believe in your own way. Suhomlinski also pointed out: "If teachers are eager to impart knowledge without trying to make students feel high and excited intellectually, then this kind of knowledge can only make people have an indifferent attitude and make emotional mental work bring fatigue." Therefore, good emotional communication is a catalyst to promote students' learning. Of course, classroom lead-in varies from person to person, from time to place, and the methods are varied and eclectic. There are several common methods of importing "Morality and Life" and "Morality and Society": 3. Import method: (add photos of teaching materials to the case demonstration and briefly explain the main contents) 1. Story introduction method Story introduction method, as its name implies, is to introduce stories that children are interested in into new lessons. According to the specific content, interspersed with some interesting and profound stories in teaching can not only enliven the classroom atmosphere, stimulate students' interest in learning, deepen students' understanding of textbook content, but also further improve students' ideological consciousness through the law of combining direct experience with indirect experience. Please look at this example: (Showing the presentation-Introduction to the textbook) "I will learn" is the second theme of Unit 4 of the experimental textbook "Morality and Society" for the fourth grade of compulsory education curriculum reform in Beijing. This theme includes three parts: "three people must learn from each other", "learning methods can be used for reference from ancient times to the present" and "finding shoes that suit you". By guiding students to understand how ancestors and benevolent people learn effectively in the old saying, we can know that there are ways to learn, and all good methods can be used for reference. Everyone's learning methods are different, and they all have their own tricks, so they should be able to find a suitable learning method. The last two topics are one class hour, and the teaching goal is: 1. Through pre-class collection and classroom communication, some good learning methods adopted by some good learners in ancient and modern times are understood, such as timely review, regular preview and careful observation, and it is realized that learning methods and good learning quality complement each other. 2. Through the communication between students, different students know the same content and use different methods. Knowing the importance of autonomous learning, they can choose appropriate learning methods. I am happy to find a suitable learning method through the communication and discussion between teachers and students in class. In order to promote the achievement of this teaching goal, teachers can design such a short story as an introduction: a story not only introduces the growth experience of scientists, but also gives students a preliminary understanding of the persistence of few ambitions, which has a very strong shocking effect in their hearts. (2) Comics are introduced into comics, which are humorous, contain profound truth, reflect life and reality in their own way, and have strong pertinence. Classroom introduction and proper selection of cartoons not only increase the interest of classroom teaching, but also inspire students' thinking, and the effect is obvious. There are a lot of topics closely related to real life in textbooks such as Morality and Life and Morality and Society. If used properly, cartoons can turn abstraction into intuition, turn boredom into vividness, stimulate students' interest in learning and cultivate their observation and thinking ability. For example, when explaining that China is facing a severe resource environment, you can choose the cartoon "Escape" (showing the escape screen). On the screen, the small fish's mouth is wide open but they can't breathe and their collective escape choice! Arouse children's deep thinking, and then organize students to think and discuss: What does this picture show? Of course, you can also choose the comic book "Desire", which consists of two parts: first, the mountains and plains are overgrown with weeds, which makes people fascinated and eager for the high-rise buildings here; Secondly, the empty vilen was replaced by high-rise buildings. At this time, the man was pushed to the top of the building, and his heart flew to the vast wilderness. After reading, students are inspired to understand the truth that "if we sacrifice a large area of land and other resources and environment, the desire of human beings to pursue a better and happier life will inevitably fail", thus enhancing their awareness of environmental protection. (3) Introduction to Songs Life is inseparable from music, and wonderful songs can infect people's feelings. Positive, healthy and elegant songs can not only enliven the classroom atmosphere, harmonize the relationship between teachers and students, but also release students' minds, feel new knowledge in a relaxed and happy environment and gain the pleasure of learning. In the teaching of moral and life, moral and social courses, emotional goals must be placed in a very important position. Only by strengthening students' humanistic feelings, social feelings and ideological and moral feelings can we truly embody the moral education function of this discipline and complete the task of educating people. The effective means to stimulate emotion is for teachers to play some elegant and positive songs in a timely manner according to the teaching content, so as to entertain and educate students, cultivate their sentiments and enrich their emotions. Let's ask the teachers to take a look at this lead-in: Unit 3 of the first volume of "Morality and Society" in grade five, the first question "How vast is our motherland" and the first lesson: "How big is our motherland". The teaching goal of this lesson is: 1. Get to know China's land and sea territory through activities and ways, fully feel the vastness of China, and be proud of the motherland. 2. Know the meaning of legend and scale, and learn to understand the map of China. 3. Have a preliminary understanding of China's administrative divisions, and know the general position of some provincial administrative units on the territory of the motherland. 4. Cultivate students' feelings of loving the motherland. We can see that at the beginning of class, the teacher vividly showed our motherland to the students with such a childlike song and well-made courseware. In this way, students' knowledge and understanding can rise to the emotional level, and ideological education can achieve better results. (Is the purpose of importing scenarios changed to revealing the theme and creating scenarios?) (The following is the content example) (4) The example introduction method uses examples close to students' lives to teach, guide students to think for themselves, discover and correct their wrong psychological state, which is conducive to changing the teaching mode of blind indoctrination, breaking the boring classroom atmosphere, improving teaching efficiency, and also embodies the principle of consistency between knowledge and practice. Change the teaching of knowledge into thinking training, and enhance students' awareness and ability of self-cultivation and self-improvement. At the same time, in the process of observing and analyzing typical life cases, mobilizing students' enthusiasm and initiative in learning, guiding students to think actively and independently, and improving their ability to analyze and solve problems while mastering knowledge can not only stimulate students' interest, but also mobilize the positive activities of thinking. For example, the first lesson of Unit 2 of Morality and Society in Grade 6 published by People's Education Publishing House, Unforgettable Humiliation, and the first lesson of Broken Mountains and Rivers, the teaching goal is: 1 Knowledge goal: to understand the situation that the territory of the Chinese nation was ceded and leased in the late Qing Dynasty, and the motherland was broken and desolate everywhere. 2. Emotion, attitude and values: Feel the humiliation brought to the Chinese nation by the broken mountains and rivers of the motherland. 3. Ability goal: to train students to learn to think about history in the learning process. Through discussion, it is clear that we should remember history, face it squarely, and learn to look at it dialectically from the perspective of connection. In order to better achieve this teaching goal, the teacher designed this lead-in (2' 20 "Broken Mountains and Rivers" lead-in). I think teachers must be attracted by the clever design of teachers, just like me. Although it was only more than two minutes, the teacher used the familiar video to guide the students to recall the celebration of Hong Kong and Macao's return to the whole country, and further asked: Who took it? In turn, it causes students to think: Why is it occupied? How to be occupied ... The whole process not only mobilizes students' learning enthusiasm, but also makes children actively think and ask questions, prompting them to actively analyze and find answers in the next learning process. (5) The sketch introduction method is intuitive and vivid. Using sketch expression in classroom introduction can make students feel the same way, grasp their minds, attract their eyes, guide them to think and start classroom teaching. Teachers make good arrangements before class, and performers are well prepared, which can often get unexpected results. For example, when I was studying the People's Education Edition "Savings and Commercial Banks", I arranged for students to observe the experience in the agricultural bank, credit cooperatives and postal savings bank in the town before class, and then assigned roles and performed them in class, demanding that the textbook knowledge be integrated into the sketch. In this way, students can experience real life in class and learn about teaching materials in sketch appreciation. ⑤ Game introduction is one of the effective ways to let students experience and gain feelings in the game. It is children's nature to like games, which can stimulate and cultivate students' interest. Mr. Chen Heqin, a famous educator in China, said: "Children are fun by nature and live by games." Practice has also proved that game activities can stimulate students' enthusiasm for learning. Therefore, we can start with simple games in teaching, which are lively, highlight students' direct feelings, and give full play to students' subjectivity in excited emotions; You will actively think and understand new knowledge. For example, the teaching goal of the second volume of "Flying Gyro" in the first grade of junior high school is: 1. Guide students to make small toys by themselves, experience the joy of labor and cooperation, and feel the happiness of success. 2. Experience cooperation and mutual assistance in the production process, and cultivate the quality of being serious and patient. 3. Cultivate sentiment, stimulate students' yearning for the happiness of labor and creation, guide students to actively seek, discover and create beauty with their brains and hands, and develop into people who love life and are positive and optimistic. In order to achieve this teaching goal, the teacher can design a lead-in: the teacher shows the gyro, attracts students to participate in the activities of playing the gyro, and then explains the requirements of the activities, so that students can play in groups. After that, let the students show and introduce all kinds of interesting gyroscopes they found in their activities of playing gyroscopes. After the introduction of the students, the teacher can ask, "Would you like to make such a fun gyro yourself?" Today, let's learn to make a simple paper gyro! "In this way, students can easily and naturally enter the study of this course. Through personal experience, teachers and students play together and communicate with each other, students can know different types of gyroscopes and learn different ways to play them, so that students can initially experience the happy mood of playing gyroscopes and stimulate their interest in learning. The intention of the lead-in link has been achieved, paving the way for the later inquiry learning. Using the method of game introduction in teaching, not only students' enthusiasm is high, but also their desire to actively participate is strong, which can reflect that the presentation form of moral and life class is "practical activities in which children directly participate, such as theme activities and games", which highlights the educational concept of taking students as the main body in class and further promotes and cultivates students' various abilities in games. (7) Conversation lead-in: Conversation is loved by young children with the characteristics of equal communication and easy acceptance, while teachers' purposeful leading conversation directly establishes contact with students' cognitive structure in the new curriculum, thus attracting students' intentional attention and generating learning motivation. Teachers simply tell or ask questions, which is the key to the success of direct lead-in. For example, the teaching goal of the fourth-grade moral and social unit "Learn to buy things" in Normal University Edition is: 1. By discussing the price difference of the same commodity in different shopping places and the price change of the same commodity from the place of origin to different places, we know that there are various factors affecting the price of commodities and that there are complex and diverse labor in commodities. 2. Initially form a correct shopping attitude, have the independent ability to buy simple goods, and learn to shop smart. 3. Learn to observe, understand and analyze social things and phenomena from different angles, and be able to compare the differences in commodity prices and consider their rationality. In order to achieve the goal, teachers can talk in the lead-in session: Have you bought anything yourself? What did you buy? After the students answered, the teacher went on to say: You have already had the experience of shopping, which is really good, indicating that some students have begun to contact social life and have a certain ability to live. Have you noticed that most of the things you buy by yourself are snacks, school supplies and the like? Some expensive things, parents don't trust you to buy them yourself. Why? The main reason is that students will not choose good quality goods and will not bargain. Some people are good at shopping, spend less money and can buy cheap and satisfactory things; Some people can't buy things, spend a lot of money, and buy poor quality, expensive and dissatisfied. This shows that shopping is really learned. Today we are going to study this subject. Introduce new lessons in a relaxed and pleasant atmosphere. (8) Introduction of film and television dramas: Although the film and television dramas with historical themes are fictional, their themes are in line with historical truth and there are many plots related to historical knowledge. If used properly in the introduction of new courses, it can set off the classroom atmosphere and arouse students' enthusiasm. For example, in the first class of the fifth grade of the First Normal University, the teaching goal is: 1. I know that Japanese imperialism created the "September 18th Incident" and the Lugouqiao Incident, and launched the war of aggression against China, and I understand the heinous crimes committed by the Japanese aggressors against the people of China in the war of aggression against China. 2. By collecting, reading written materials, observing pictures and other materials, gradually learn and master the methods of obtaining effective information from materials and making preliminary analysis and expression. 3. Recognize the deep sufferings brought by the Japanese invaders to the people of China, and enhance national consciousness and patriotism. I want to achieve this goal. We can use excerpts from the documentary "September 18th Incident" to lead students' thoughts back to the battlefield of September 18th. After reading it, the students were filled with indignation, but the teacher just led them to calm down and think: Why did the September 18th Incident happen in China? Introduce new courses immediately. Another example is: Morality and Society, the experimental teaching material of compulsory education curriculum reform, the fifth grade, unit 4, the voice of the May 4th Movement. The teaching goal is: 1. Understand the serious trampling on China's sovereignty by the Paris Peace Conference, and realize the irrationality of imperialism and the sorrow of "weak countries have no diplomacy". 2. Understand the just behavior of patriotic students in the May 4th Movement, the weakness of Beiyang government and the shameless behavior of reactionary military police, feel the indomitable spirit of patriotic students and resist oppression, and feel proud of them. 3. Recognize the just behavior of patriotic students and think about how to be a pupil in a new era. For such a historical event that is far away from students, the film and television clips carefully selected by teachers should play a multiplier role in achieving this teaching goal. Vivid and intuitive media supplements guide students to understand the irrationality of imperialism and the sorrow of "weak countries have no diplomacy" Of course, in addition to the methods mentioned above, there are many classroom introduction methods of moral and life, moral and social subjects. As long as we can create a classroom atmosphere that students like and are willing to learn on a scientific and accurate basis, help and stimulate students' enthusiasm for learning, guide students to love life, learn to be a man, and cultivate students' good moral character and willingness to explore, it should be a successful introduction.