Social welfare is usually a social security system in which the state or society generally provides funds and services to improve the quality of life as much as possible for all objects on the basis of a certain standard of living within the scope permitted by legislation or policies. Let me share with you the basic knowledge of civil affairs and social work. Welcome to read and browse.
1, civil affairs work:? A third? That is, part of political power construction, part of social security and part of administrative management.
2. China's ancient welfare thought: (1) Confucianism? People-oriented? 、? Ren? And then what? Datong? Thought 2 Mohist? Love? Thought (3) Taoism? Doing nothing? think
3. Social welfare: It is usually a social security system that the state or society generally provides funds and services to improve the quality of life as much as possible for all objects on the basis of a certain standard of living within the scope permitted by legislation or policies.
4. The social welfare system in China is divided into occupational welfare and social welfare.
5. The trend of social welfare system reform in China: In the process of changing the operating mechanism, enterprises should change what they used to carry under the planned economy system? Running a club? The heavy burden has pushed this part of social welfare services to the society. In the process of changing functions, the government should also change the past? Is it arranged? The practice of social welfare makes the society bear more social welfare service responsibilities. In this way, four supporting points of social welfare services in China have been formed: first, the government; The second is the enterprise; The third is the community, especially the grass-roots community; Fourth, associations, especially non-governmental social welfare services (social work) and charities.
6. The role of civil affairs department in China's social development: ① to protect people's basic rights and realize social democratic progress; (2) Providing social services extensively to ensure the smooth progress of the reform; ③ Implement social management to promote the benign operation of society; (4) to coordinate the military, political, military and civilian relations and promote the consolidation of national defense construction.
7. Theoretical basis of civil social work: ① Socialist humanitarianism not only emphasizes the respect and satisfaction of society for individuals, but also emphasizes the responsibility and contribution of individuals to society; (2) legal and political equality, economic and social equality; ② Theory of human needs, distribution and redistribution; ① Natural needs; ③ General needs or economic needs; 4 spiritual needs; ③ Socialization of social welfare.
8. Features of the civil administration mode of social work: (1) The civil administration department has a national administrative network and top-down information channels from the central government, provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government), regions (autonomous prefectures and prefecture-level cities), counties (autonomous counties and county-level cities), towns (streets) to villages and neighborhood committees. (2) Since the founding of New China, the civil administration system has paid special attention to the negative social situation because of its great responsibility. There is also a special connection with the poor and vulnerable groups at the grassroots level. Since the reform and opening up, China has entered a period of drastic changes in economic transition and social transformation, and the social problems faced by civil affairs departments have also increased sharply. The introduction of major reform measures and social policies by civil affairs departments must be approved by the CPC Central Committee, the State Council or the National People's Congress, and at the same time must rely on the support of various departments and local governments at all levels. 5. Building grass-roots political power and mass autonomous organizations is one of the responsibilities of civil affairs departments. Therefore, it has a natural connection with grassroots communities.
9. The organizational structure of the civil affairs department and its connection with social work: ① Civil affairs functional institutions directly related to social welfare and social work ① Civil organizations administration ② Special Care and Resettlement Bureau ③ Disaster Relief Office ④ Minimum living security office ⑤ Grass-roots political power and community building office ⑤ Social welfare and social affairs department ② Civil affairs functional institutions indirectly related to social welfare and social work ① Ministry of Finance and Government Affairs ② Foreign Affairs Office ③ General Office.
10, main contents of social work of civil affairs department (1) social welfare services (2) disaster relief (3) special care and resettlement (4) minimum living security system for urban residents (5) social assistance management for urban vagrants and beggars.
1 1. Social welfare undertakings: refers to the supporting social welfare services provided by the government and society to meet the basic needs of specific social welfare objects, mainly including social welfare homes run by government departments at or above the county level, children's welfare homes and nursing homes run by communities.
12. The development stages of social welfare undertakings in China can be divided into: (1) the founding period of People's Republic of China (PRC). At that time, social welfare was closely linked with social relief, mainly to solve the problems of life and resettlement of the helpless people in exile left over from the war. (2) From the end of 1950s to before the reform and opening up. At this time, social welfare was separated from social relief and formed an independent working system, which mainly served the homeless, helpless and homeless elderly, children and the disabled (referred to as "three objects"). Social welfare social office? This includes two aspects: one is to vigorously advocate community-run welfare undertakings, and the other is to open existing welfare institutions to the society.
13, mainly used by state-owned social welfare institutions? Three no? Personnel, the main contents are as follows: (1) Give priority to raising the elderly, arrange their lives properly, and carry out some recreational activities and productive labor as far as possible to enrich their life and improve their physical and mental health; (2) Combine the upbringing and education of school-age children to make them develop morally, intellectually and physically in an all-round way, and at least let them receive secondary education; (3) Give priority to infants and let them grow up healthily; For those who are mentally sound but physically disabled, this is a combination of upbringing, treatment and education. For the mentally retarded, we should train them to take care of themselves as much as possible. (4) for mental patients, it is a combination of nourishing and treating, and comprehensive treatment is carried out through drug treatment and appropriate participation in labor, entertainment and educational activities.
14. Social welfare enterprises refer to social welfare services provided by the government and society for the employment of disabled people with working ability. Social welfare enterprises can engage in industry, commerce or service industry and enjoy preferential tax treatment.
15, urban community service: refers to the government's initiative, with a certain level of urban community organizations as the main body and support to help themselves? Social welfare services based on mutual assistance and extensive participation of the masses not only highlight key targets, but also face all members of society, and improve the quality of life of urban residents with service facilities and services.
16, currently? Five guarantees? Support mode: (1) network support. Take the township nursing home as the five-guarantee service center, and uniformly manage the five-guarantee work in the township. The township or village shall uniformly formulate support standards and uniformly raise and distribute support funds and materials. The five-guarantee object lives in the original place of residence, and the village has a security service group to provide daily life services (3) contract support. The five-guarantee object and its relatives or neighbors voluntarily negotiate and sign a maintenance agreement or bequest agreement. After the maintenance relationship is established, the provider assumes the obligation of comprehensive maintenance. (4) Centralized maintenance. Nursing homes, welfare homes, etc. Organized by towns or individual operators, the five-guarantee object (5) cooperative endowment insurance is supported in the hospital.
17. Poverty alleviation: It refers to social assistance that supports poor households with certain production and operation capabilities in rural areas in terms of policies, funds, materials, technology and information, aiming at getting rid of poverty through production and operation activities.
18. Ways for civil affairs departments to help the poor: ① financial support; ② Policy and ideological support; ③ scientific and technological support; The corresponding supporting measures include: organizing economic entities to help the poor, establishing the responsibility system for protecting cadres to help the poor, changing free subsidies into paid subsidies, establishing working capital for poverty alleviation, and expanding the sources of poverty alleviation funds through multiple channels.
19. Social assistance: social assistance provided by the central and local governments to specific social assistance objects according to law through financial allocation. Divided into regular quantitative relief and temporary relief.
20. Who is entitled to regular quantitative relief: urban residents? Three no? Personnel and some rural five-guarantee objects; Former employees who meet the conditions for relief; Persons who meet the requirements of relevant documents of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council and need special assistance.
2 1. The special care work within the responsibilities of the civil affairs department includes: (1) state pensions; (2) government subsidies; (3) preferential treatment for the masses; (5) Resettlement of veterans; (6) Management of special care institutions.
22. The existing laws and regulations on special care and resettlement have the following provisions: (1) The special care and resettlement targets include: families of revolutionary martyrs, families of deceased soldiers, families of disabled revolutionary soldiers, families of active servicemen, demobilized soldiers and other special targets. The object of resettlement work is the demobilized veterans and retired military cadres of that year. (2) All kinds of entitled groups can enjoy state pensions (including death pensions and disability pensions), government subsidies (including regular quantitative subsidies and temporary subsidies) and preferential treatment for the masses (including cash subsidies and social services) according to legal conditions. (3) Demobilized veterans mainly help them solve difficulties and problems in employment and production. Resettlement of retired military cadres is mainly to properly arrange their lives and let them spend their old age.
23. Development of social work in civil affairs departments: ① Promoting the development and perfection of social policies; ① Promoting the socialization of social welfare; ② Promoting the construction of natural disaster emergency system; ③ Improve the urban and rural social assistance system; ④ Establish and improve laws and regulations; ② Guide and manage civil society welfare organizations.
24. Measures to further promote the socialization of social welfare: (1) Actively explore and encourage social forces to set up social welfare undertakings and study? Private office assistance? 、? Public and private? Measures to speed up the reform of welfare institutions and welfare enterprises (2) Organizing the implementation of rehabilitation surgery for orphans and disabled children? Tomorrow's plan? (3) Strengthen the management of welfare lottery issuance.
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