China is a big maritime country, located on the west coast of the Pacific Ocean, with a coastline of10.8 million kilometers, an ocean area close to that of land13, more than 20,000 kinds of marine life, about 24 billion tons of marine oil resources, 0.4 trillion cubic meters of natural gas resources and 36,543.8 billion tons of coastal sand resources. It should be pointed out that the huge potential resources and capabilities contained in the ocean will provide indispensable material conditions for China to rise peacefully, build a well-off society in an all-round way and realize socialist modernization in the 2 1 century. 2 1 century, the ocean will become the main way to solve the problems of resources, population and environment in China.
Developing marine circular economy and taking the road of sustainable development is the premise and foundation of building a harmonious relationship between man and the ocean. Marine circular economy emphasizes sustainable development, which does not exceed the renewal ability of ecological environment system and realizes a virtuous circle of marine ecology. Its essence is a resource-saving and environment-friendly economic development model, and economic development is regarded as an evolution process of social-economic-natural composite ecosystem. Its process is a feedback cycle of "resources-products-wastes-renewable resources". By extending the industrial chain, "waste" will be comprehensively recovered, recycled and reused in the system. The goal of circular economy is not a material civilization with high energy consumption, high output and serious pollution, but an ecological civilization with high efficiency, high technology, low consumption, low pollution, comprehensive coordination, circulation, health and sustainability. Therefore, the sustainability, efficiency, harmony and self-regulation of marine ecology are the environmental systems on which the development of marine economy depends, and are the prerequisite factors for the harmonious relationship between man and the ocean in the new period. The development of marine economy is to realize a harmonious ecological track from opposition, conquest, pollution, plunder and destruction to harmony, coordination, recovery, construction and closure, and to realize a one-dimensional prosperity from only pursuing economic interests to a multi-dimensional three-dimensional prosperity of society, economy, ecology, health, material civilization, spiritual civilization and ecological civilization.
The relationship between man and the ocean is a relationship between man and land, which is mainly reflected in human dependence on the ocean and human initiative. Throughout the long historical process, human beings have been living by the sea for a long time, and the ocean has also brought more wealth and benefits to human beings. However, the upsurge of marine development in the 20th century caused some offshore marine resources in China to be over-exploited, the environment was destroyed, the species dropped sharply, and the marine pollution increased year by year, which greatly restricted the healthy development of marine economy, affected the economic development of coastal areas, and affected the comprehensive development benefits of sea areas, making it difficult to make sustainable use. Therefore, in the new era, under the concept of sustainable development, a new concept of human-sea relationship is put forward. In fact, it is a relationship of mutual benefit and long life. People should respect the ocean and nature, so that they can live in harmony with nature and human beings can develop continuously. On the one hand, mankind should ask the ocean for more resources for human development and utilization; On the other hand, human beings should actively improve the marine environment and increase marine productivity to meet the growing needs of human beings. Therefore, building a harmonious relationship between people and sea is not only the prerequisite and necessary condition for developing marine circular economy and taking the road of sustainable development, but also its ultimate goal. They interact and are inseparable.
It must be noted that the current world economic center is shifting to the Pacific Ocean, and the west coast of the Pacific Ocean is the fastest growing region in the world economy. In order to meet the arrival of the ocean century, we must fully implement the Scientific Outlook on Development and realize the comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development of China's economy and society. Therefore, we must conform to the historical trend, reflect the fundamental interests of the people, take the road of sustainable development of the national economic system, put people first, take the sea as the source, develop the marine circular economy, and promote the harmony between man and the sea.
Harmony between human and sea and development of marine circular economy should be: 1. Focus on the development and utilization of new marine technologies, increase the investigation, find more resources, make up for the shortage of land energy, and alleviate the environmental and ecological damage caused by the pressure of demand growth. In addition, we should also oppose the predatory exploitation of marine resources, protect the marine ecological environment and marine biodiversity, and embark on a development path based on the sustainability of marine ecosystem, with the sustainability of marine economy as the core and the sustainability of social development as the goal. 2. Clarify the future marine development strategy, adhere to the unity of ecological goals and economic goals, make overall plans and give prominence to key points, attach importance to the virtuous circle of marine ecosystem and economic system, coordinate the development of marine resources and environmental resources, get out of the vicious circle of "pollution first, then treatment" and realize the organic combination of scientific development and sustainable utilization.
From a macro point of view, it must be clear that the ultimate goal of developing marine economy is to promote the all-round development of human beings and the all-round progress of society, so that marine economy can truly become a material means to improve the quality of human material and spiritual life and the quality of the environment, from the narrow circle of discussing the sea by sea to the idea of overall development of land and sea, from extensive and disorderly development and utilization of marine resources to intensive and comprehensive development and utilization of marine resources, from traditional marine industries to emerging marine industries. From the free use and predatory development of marine resources to the paid use and sustainable development of marine resources, we should make overall arrangements for marine development as an overall strategic task, promote the optimization of marine productivity and the adjustment of production relations, and realize the sustainable development of marine economy. It is true that it is very important for China to put forward a marine development strategy with marine resources as the development object and institutional innovation as the focus.
Taking the ocean road of sustainable development requires us to rely on the development model and basic principles of circular economy to form a harmonious relationship between man and the ocean. Mainly in: 1. Based on the concept of sustainable development, realize the efficient utilization and recycling of resources. Turn waste into treasure, minimize the impact of economic and social activities on natural resource demand and ecological environment, and fundamentally solve the contradiction between economic development and resource shortage and environmental protection. 2. Adhere to the people-oriented principle on the premise of human health and safety. Only by taking the comprehensive and coordinated development of social benefits, economic benefits and ecological benefits as the goal can the contradictions among nature, society, economy and ecosystem be fundamentally solved. 3. Follow the important principle of "reduction, recycling and reuse". Maximize the product-waste conversion, effectively extend the service cycle and intensity of products, improve resource utilization efficiency and environmental assimilation ability, maximize resource conservation and minimize pollution emissions. 4. Correctly handle the relationship between marine development and land development. To strengthen the land-sea contact and mutual support, the development should not only take the land as the rear, but also actively serve the land, rely on each other and promote each other, so as to speed up the harmonious pace of the relationship between people and sea.