Recently, Chengdu has specially issued the Special Work Plan for Mental Health Services in Primary and Secondary Schools in Chengdu. Through the implementation of four action plans, such as family care action, school service improvement action, combination of medical education and social service action, we will further strengthen mental health education, create a social environment conducive to the all-round development of students' physical and mental health, and serve the healthy growth of teenagers.
1. Why do you want to make a special work plan?
The mental health of teenagers has become an important public health problem related to the future of the country and the nation, which needs the attention and intervention of the whole society.
The Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) on the Protection of Minors stipulates that mental health education of minors should be strengthened, and a mechanism for early detection and timely intervention of psychological problems of minors should be established.
The Family Education Promotion Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) has made special legislation on family education for the first time, which requires paying attention to the mental health of minors in family education.
Chengdu always adheres to the concept of life first and health first, and strives to create a social environment conducive to the all-round development of students' physical and mental health. Combined with the reality of Chengdu, it has formulated and issued the Special Work Plan for Mental Health Services in Primary and Secondary Schools in Chengdu.
2. What problems have been solved by the special work plan?
First, the mental health service in primary and secondary schools is regarded as an important part of the safe construction of healthy families, healthy schools, healthy communities and grass-roots units, and a four-in-one mental health service system of families, schools, medical institutions and society is constructed.
The second is to improve the mechanism of early prevention, early warning by stages and scientific intervention, strengthen professional support and scientific management, realize early detection, early identification, early diagnosis and treatment and early rehabilitation of psychological crisis, and lay the foundation for students' healthy growth and happy life.
Third, with the construction of family, school and social service system as the main line, we will promote the formation of a work pattern of comprehensive management by departments, active social participation and family responsibility according to law, build a multi-level and diversified social governance pattern conducive to the all-round development of students' physical and mental health, and form a strong synergy for maintaining and promoting health.
3. How can schools ensure mental health education?
The first is to play the role of the school's main position.
Unified offering of mental health education courses, teaching every two weeks 1 class hours or more, the establishment of psychological professional courses, psychological class meetings, psychological comprehensive practice courses and other teaching systems.
Improve mental health education activities, and carry out theme class (team) activities at least twice each semester.
The second is to strengthen the ability of mental health services.
Every primary and secondary school is equipped with at least 1 full-time psychological teachers, and the allocation rate of psychological consultation rooms reaches 100%.
Strive to achieve more than 90% of the class teacher's B certificate rate within 5 years.
Professional supervision of psychological teachers will be included in teachers' continuing education plan, and they will receive professional supervision 10 hours or more every year.
4. What do medical institutions need to do to ensure the mental health of teenagers?
In the "Special Work Plan", in order to implement the action of combining medicine with education, the health department proposed to cooperate with the education department to build a data collection platform for mental health status of primary and secondary school students and track the changing trend of mental health status.
The health department will also promote the establishment of psychiatric (psychological) departments in children's specialized hospitals, maternal and child health hospitals, and general hospitals above the second level, build intermediary channels for mental health medical institutions, and provide intermediary students with convenience such as outpatient registration, psychological consultation, hospitalization, etc., to ensure that students seek medical treatment in time.
In addition, the health department will send psychological experts to train and guide the psychological crisis intervention in schools, so as to improve teachers' psychological crisis identification and intervention ability.
5. What are the responsibilities of family and society in protecting adolescents' mental health?
Family is the first class and parents are the first teachers. Parents or other parents should perform their family education duties according to law, take the initiative to contact schools and children, keep abreast of the psychological characteristics of children of different ages, correctly handle students' psychological problems and mental illness, and actively seek specialist diagnosis and treatment.
The "Special Work Plan" proposes to establish five linkage mechanisms: community, social organizations, social workers, community volunteers and community charity resources, so as to normalize the mental health services of community minors and their families.
Actively explore social institutions to provide public welfare services for children, families with difficulties, bullying, domestic violence and other groups.
6. How to find the psychological crisis of primary and secondary school students and intervene?
The first is to establish a multi-channel discovery mechanism.
Focus on emerging and tendentious problems of teenagers and improve the coordination mechanism among schools, communities and functional departments.
Smooth channels such as psychological service website, psychological service hotline, online psychological consultation and psychological mailbox.
Schools should comprehensively investigate students' psychological status, establish psychological growth files, implement ledger management for high-risk students, implement "one school, one policy, one screen a year, one case for life", and keep the data confidential according to regulations.
The second is to implement hierarchical early warning.
According to the severity of psychological problems, students' psychological crisis alarm can be divided into general alarm, key alarm and special alarm.
And the special early warning will be included in the management account of psychological high-risk students for key attention and tracking.
The third is to implement scientific intervention.
Each school formulates the intervention plan of campus psychological crisis, and defines the job responsibilities and processes.
Generally speaking, the psychological teacher assists the class teacher to make an intervention plan, and the class teacher implements intervention and guidance.
For key early warning, competent full-time psychological teachers or external psychological consulting experts cooperate with class teachers and parents to formulate intervention plans, and all parties perform their duties according to the plans.
Special early warning is that schools organize psychological crisis intervention groups to carry out work, which exceeds the crisis intervention ability of cooperative schools in mental health medical institutions. The school set up a discussion group to inform parents of students' psychological crisis and possible crisis, sign an informed consent form, and transfer students to mental health medical institutions for diagnosis and regular follow-up.
Zhao Zijun, a news education teacher of Chengdu Daily Jinguan, edited by CoCo Lee and proofread by Wang Min.
If you have any questions about the self-taught/adult-taught examination, don't know the contents of the test sites for self-taught/adult-taught examination, and don't know the local policies for self-taught/adult-taught examination, click on Mr. official website at the bottom to get the review materials for free: /xl/