Yu Pei-Overview
"Why kindness? Meiyu is decorated with Luo Wei. " "Ying Luo" is a ribbon that ancient women tied around their waist when they got married to show that someone belongs, so there is a saying in The Book of Songs that "the knot is 90 meters". It describes the mother's reluctance to tie a knot with her daughter when she gets married. This is called "knot" and later became synonymous with ancient marriage. In Wen Renxian's Annotations to Ancient Poems in Qing Dynasty, "beautiful jade adorns tassels" was interpreted as "tying tassels with jade to show gratitude." The jade that ancient women gave to the right person was decorated with tassels, and I knew it very well.
Significance of Yu Pei model
The Significance of Chinese Traditional Patterns in Yu Pei
"Brilliant Tengda" Emerald Yu Pei
Yupei has gradually become a jewelry fashion, and many people like it very much. In Yu Pei, people, animals, flowers and birds, utensils and other images, as well as some traditional Chinese patterns such as auspicious characters are often used. Taking folk proverbs, auspicious words and fairy stories as themes, the artistic expression of "one auspicious word and one pattern" is formed through metaphor, comparison, pun, symbol and homophonic, which reflects people's pursuit and yearning for a better life and fully embodies the essence of jade culture. Yu Pei's traditional Chinese patterns are rich in content and varied in forms, including good luck, long life, prosperous family, peace and harmony, prosperous career and evil spirits, among which the patterns of good luck and good luck are the most. But many guests don't know or understand this, so let's briefly introduce some common patterns now. It is convenient for everyone to distinguish when purchasing.
1, good luck
It reflects people's pursuit and desire for a happy life. In Yu Pei, dragons, phoenixes, auspicious clouds, Ganoderma lucidum and Ruyi are the main symbols. Yu Pei with this pattern is generally suitable for all kinds of guests.
Dragon and phoenix are auspicious. A phoenix and auspicious clouds are in Yi Long. The dragon represents the totem tribe of scale animals and the phoenix represents the totem tribe of birds. The conflict between the two tribes, Longsheng merged with Phoenix, and since then, the world has been peaceful and the grain has been abundant, which is also a noble and auspicious performance. Xiangyun represents good omen and expresses good wishes for the future. In modern times, the joy of marriage is compared to "the dragon and the phoenix are auspicious", which means that husband and wife are happy.
Jade pendant
Fu Na welcomes lucky boys to catch bats. Accept, receive, accept. Good luck and good luck followed.
Clouds are made up of moire patterns and bats. If the moire shape is satisfactory and continuous, it means that it is satisfactory for a long time; "Bat" means "all blessings". Symbolizes happiness, wishful thinking or happiness.
Cheerful, two magpies landed on a plum branch. In the traditional customs of China, magpie is regarded as a lucky bird that brings good news. "Mei" is homophonic with "Mei". The magpie standing on the plum blossom shows that the magpie gives good news, and a pair of double happiness is coming. It means that people are happy when they do good things.
Fushou Ruyi Bat, Small Animals, Ganoderma lucidum. Blessed are bats; Small animals are beasts, and the sound is the same as "longevity", which means longevity; The shape of Ganoderma lucidum, like the ancient wishful thinking, reflects wishful thinking. It means happiness, longevity and all the best.
Must be ruyi brush, silver ingot, ruyi. "Pen" and "must" are homophonic, and "spindle" is fixed, which is the homophonic of "must be satisfied", implying a desire that must be satisfied.
Sanyang Kaitai and Sanyang Protection. Sheep and yang are homophonic and auspicious, and "three sheep" means "three yang" Kaitai means Kaitai, which means good luck. It means to ward off evil spirits and make good luck.
2. Long life and many blessings
Jade pendant
In Yu Pei patterns, longevity is mainly represented by longevity, peach, turtle, pine and crane. Express people's expectations and wishes for health and longevity. The wearers are mainly middle-aged and elderly people.
Samsung is the legendary Fuxing, Shouxing and Lu Xing. They specialize in the study of human destiny, official wealth and longevity. In design, it is often composed of a birthday girl, a deer and a bat holding a flat peach. It symbolizes happiness, wealth and longevity.
Crane and deer have the same tung, deer and crane. Tung tree is a phoenix tree, and "Tung" is homophonic with "Tong". The same spring is as vibrant as spring. Crane and deer are auspicious animals, which are metaphors of Lu and Shou. I wish you a long life and eternal youth. This is a word.
Turtles are the same age as cranes. Turtles, cranes and auspicious clouds. According to legend, turtles and cranes have a thousand years of life, which means longevity. Similar designs, such as pine cranes to celebrate the New Year.
Fulushou gourd and squirrel or other animals. "Hulu" means "Fu" and "Lu"; Animals are beasts, which means "longevity". It means happiness, wealth and longevity. In addition, Fu Lushou can also be represented by mammals such as bats, sika deer and squirrels.
Jade pendant
Fushou has a bat, two peaches and two ancient coins. The bat grabbed two ancient coins and flew away with Xiangyun. The homophonic pattern symbolizes that happiness and longevity are coming, that is, happiness falls from the sky.
Fu has one or two bats in front of an ancient coin. Bat means "bless everyone"; There are eyes in the middle of ancient money. "Money" is consistent with "money". It is believed that "money with eyes" means "immediately" and adding bats means good luck.
Five Blessingg holds five bats symbolizing longevity, surrounded by a longevity word or longevity peach. The meaning of Five Blessingg; One day's longevity, two days' happiness, three days' health, four days' virtue and five days' final exam. That is to say, first, long life, second, wealth, third, good luck and peace, fourth, good deeds and virtue, and fifth, people die of old age. Five Blessingg's understanding of the word "Fu" is the most comprehensive. Once you have "Five Blessingg", you will naturally be "happier than life"!
3. Family and prosperity
Jade pendant
Expressing the hope that the husband and wife will live in harmony and the family will prosper. Yu Pei patterns are mainly represented by mandarin ducks, ice flute lotus, bald birds, fish and lotus leaves. Yu Pei with this pattern is often given as a wedding gift, or it shows love, family and everything.
Hehe Ruyi Box, Lotus Ganoderma lucidum. Box, lotus flower metaphor "harmony and double saints", Ganoderma lucidum metaphor wishful. Refers to personnel harmony and prosperity. Box, lotus and homophonic, more metaphor for husband and wife harmony, fish and water together. Harmony means that harmony between husband and wife will bring endless happiness.
The four mascots, lotus, box, lily and evergreen tree, are combined into a pattern. Congratulations to the newlyweds for their harmony and happiness.
White-headed bird and rich peony. China folks compare the white-headed bird to the love of husband and wife, and grow old together; Peony flower, a rich flower, is a precious symbol. The pattern not only expresses the love of husband and wife for a hundred years, but also symbolizes the preciousness and beauty of life.
Lotus leaf, lotus root and carp are getting more and more year by year. Lotus means year, and lotus refers to broken silk, which keeps going year after year; There is a surplus of fish. It means to have enough food and clothing. It means that there is more than abundance and prosperity, and life is rich.
4. Peace and tranquility
It expresses people's yearning for a stable and peaceful life in modern society. The representative Yu Pei patterns are mainly represented by Aquarius and Ruyi. Wear it for some people who work or wander outside all the year round to pin their family's wishes for his safety.
A vase and two quails live in peace. The bottle is flat, and "quail" stands for "safety" and "music". Good luck with everything.
There is a peony flower in Ping 'an vase in Fu Gui. Peony is the king of flowers, indicating dignity and wealth. Vase means peace.
Bamboo firecrackers or bamboo and quail. Firecrackers, called firecrackers, used to drive Shan Gui away. It means to drive away evil and pray for peace.
5. Career Tengda category
Jade pendant
It symbolizes people's yearning and wishes for this person's achievements and career prospects. The patterns representing Yu Pei are mainly represented by litchi, longan, walnut, carp and bamboo. The wearer pays more attention to the realization of personal achievement and self-worth.
Even ternary litchi, longan, walnut and fruit are round. "Circle" and "Yuan" are homonyms, meaning "connecting three elements". It refers to winning the first place in the old imperial examinations, such as having obtained the provincial examination, general examination and palace examination.
Carp yue longmen Legend has it that carp yue longmen can become a dragon. It means fame in one fell swoop.
The champion and the crowned boy are riding dragons with Ruyi in their hands. The crown is homophonic with the official. Teenagers wear the number one scholar and the imperial examination is successful. Riding a dragon, like yue longmen, a carp, becomes a dragon and gets ahead. It means that the exam is high and ranks first.
The monkey climbed the maple tree and hung the seal. The word "Feng" in the maple tree is connected with the sound of "Feng", indicating a prize: "Monkey" and "Hou" are homophonic, indicating an official position; A seal is an official seal. It means that the cause is thriving, and the intention of adding officials to the ranks is to reflect the success of the cause.
Step by step, represented by bamboo joints. It means to keep making progress.
6, ward off evil spirits and eliminate disasters
It means that people want to have a smooth life, a smooth career, good health and all the best under the protection of a certain god. Representative Yu Pei designs include Guanyin, Buddha, Zhong Kui, Guan Gong and Zhang Fei.
There is a folk saying that "men wear Guanyin and women wear Buddha", mainly to pray for Guanyin and Buddha to protect people's bodies, lives and work. When people get sick, they will wear Zhong Kui, Guan Gong, Zhang Fei and other Yu Pei, hoping to get rid of the disease as soon as possible, make their bodies recover and give people a kind of spiritual comfort.
Yu Pei's traditional Chinese patterns have various forms and rich connotations. It embodies the rich connotation of Chinese jade culture, and is a dazzling flower in China traditional culture garden. Different from other jewelry, Yu Pei cares more about people's spiritual feelings while decorating people, and becomes an intuitive material expression of people's spiritual sustenance. In modern times, when personality and spiritual feelings are emphasized, wearing Yu Pei with oriental cultural connotation can better reflect a person's personality, taste and national temperament.
Yu Pei-Yu Pei and Life
Mainland Yulong Sculpture Old Yu Pei
Many daily necessities of the ancients were carved from jade, and only Yu Pei could wear them often. The "beautiful jade" in Fan Qin's poems refers to the charm of jade or literary grace. The ancients loved Yu Pei not because of its preciousness, but because of its character. Therefore, there is an old saying that "a gentleman never leaves his body for no reason" and "Li Zhou Yu Zao": "An ancient gentleman must wear jade ... wherever he takes it, he must wear jade, but only when he is in mourning ... The son wears white jade, which is given by Xuanzu, the warlord wears Xuanyu, Zhu Zu, the doctor wears Shuiyu and the prince Dai Chun. Is to promote Yu Pei to the level of etiquette. During the Warring States, Qin and Han Dynasties, Yu Pei flourished, and even dozens of small Yu Pei appeared, such as Huang Yu, Yu Bi and Yu Heng. , connected in series with silk threads to form a set of miscellaneous accessories to show the luxury and majesty of the wearer. After Wei and Jin Dynasties, men wore less and less miscellaneous ornaments, and later dynasties only wore simple Yu Pei, while women still wore miscellaneous ornaments for a long time, usually tied on their belts and jingled when they walked, so "Pei Huan" gradually became one of the pronouns of women, and Pei Huan's styles and wearing methods were constantly changing. Ye, a scholar in the Qing Dynasty, explained: "Read the whole world. "If you use it, you will be under the palace uniform, and your life will be between the robes. The common name is chest, and the gold ring on the ear is used for dress, and it is the same today. " It can be seen that the ring ornaments of women in the Qing Dynasty have changed from the waist ornaments tied to belts in ancient times to necklaces hanging on their chests.
Yu Pei Yu Pei and Literature
In the 29th episode of A Dream of Red Mansions, Baoyu and Daiyu became angry. The psychic Baoyu was dragged down and killed, which made Daiyu cry. Aroma advised Baoyu, "Don't look at anything else. Look at the tassel on this jade, don't quarrel with Miss Tonglin. " A word made Daiyu sad again. She grabbed the jade without illness and cut her ear knotted for Baoyu into several pieces with scissors. There is a saying in the book, "It's not that enemies don't get together ... living in two places and feeling wholeheartedly." Why do two spoony people torture each other like this? In fact, sister Lin's affection is all on this tracts. How could Brother Bao not know?
Yu Pei-Yu Pei and Culture
Jade pendant
The main carvings are plum blossoms, pine branches and bamboo, which embodies the noble character of a gentleman.
Dragon and phoenix-strength; Butterfly-immortal; Bat-blessing; Cicada-regeneration; Pig-rich; Ichthyosaurus-metamorphosis; Catfish-more than a year; Toad-make a fortune; Fish-Jin Yu (fish) is full; Sheep-auspicious; Cicada-progress in schoolwork; Gourd-magic; Bamboo joint-rising steadily; Bergamot-Fushou; Violet-not rot; Litchi-the market is wide open; Peach-longevity; Pomegranate-many children and grandchildren; Chinese cabbage-an innocent heirloom; Gossip-the power of nature; Tai Chi-Harmony of Yin and Yang; Shouzi-immortality; Happy words-Qing Ji; Shoes-(Harmony) Everything goes well.
Jade is carved with a clever combination of some scenes, which makes the image space broader and richer. These fancy creations, which appeal to both refined and popular tastes, are carved into composite patterns on a single piece of jade, indicating a theme:
Fish jumps over the dragon gate-the rushing water, fish goes upstream, and the dragon gate is close at hand, which is called "going through the customs and being worth a hundred times".
Immediately seal Hou-the little monkey sat on horseback with a proud face, indicating that "going out must be in phase" is not far away.
Blessed are the eyes-the bat's mouth is biting copper coins, which means "good things come first"
Joy and joy-Badgers, pigs and magpies are shaped like bears, indicating happiness and smiling often.
Beaming-Magpie stands on the branch of plum blossom and describes it as beaming.
Rich for thousands of years-hibiscus, osmanthus, evergreen and long red.
In Peace-Vase and Quail, everything in the family becomes small, and the small things become nothing.
Peace through the years-there are a few ears of rice in the vase and quails standing next to it, which means that every day is a good day and every year has today.
Year after year-lotus leaves are carved on jade pieces, which makes people satisfied, talented and fluent.
More than a year-there is water and fish under the lotus leaf, and it is difficult to have wealth.
Shao Shi, a great master, symbolized the official name in ancient times, hoping that his son would become a dragon and his daughter would become a phoenix.
Hehe Erxian-two children with a lotus in one hand and a box in the other, set each other off and wish family harmony and husband and wife harmony.
Auspicious wishful class
Use dragon, phoenix, plum blossom (homophonic), magpie, moire (like wishful and continuous), Samsung (auspicious and longevity), pen, catfish (more harmonious every year), bat (blessed with happiness, blessed everywhere), ancient money (harmonious at present), double money (harmonious with both sides) and longevity peach (peach is like a heart). The dragon and phoenix are auspicious, the eyebrows are slightly happy, the clouds are full of blessings, and the three stars are shining high, so you will be satisfied. The blessings fall from the sky, and the blessings are in front of you. The blessings are both good and long, and the blessings are to the soul.
safe and sound
Du Yu ◆ Qinglong Yu Pei
Uses: Bottle, Ganoderma lucidum (Ruyi), deer, quail (Harmony), persimmon (Harmony), spike, bamboo, bat, etc. Expression: peace and happiness, bon voyage, one year of peace, all the best, all the best, and all the best.
A promising class
Use magpie, longan and ingot to express good news.
Use Taiwan: the meaning of the same station rises, and the sound level of the bottle rises all over the world.
Bamboo symbolizes a bright future and is rising steadily.
Lotus is used to indicate that a product is clean and honest.
Use an eggplant-shaped crown to represent a high official's victory.
Protect yourself from evil spirits
Zodiac, Guanyin, Buddha, animal face pattern (tattoo, dragon, ghost head, tiger head), gourd (the same as Shouyin). In addition, gourd's mouth is very fat, hanging in front, which can dissolve all kinds of metaphorical meanings of Sha Qi.
Yu Pei-common meaning
As the saying goes: "Jade must be intentional, meaning must be auspicious." Thousands of years of cultural accumulation and screening have also extracted many beautiful legends, allusions and various beautiful patterns, providing rich materials for jade carving.
Jade bracelet is the most precious and hard to find among jadeites, which means peace. According to traditional intelligence, wearing a jade bracelet can keep you safe, calm and safe, and it is the most natural and simple decoration.
A thousand-year-old ganoderma lucidum is carved on the pendant, which means all the best, that is, good luck, permanent position and long life!
The auspicious theme of sculpture: Phoenix and Ruyi, Phoenix, the legendary auspicious bird, where there is a happy event, it comes and brings good luck and Ruyi to the world.
Longfeng couple ◆ Yu Pei
Pine, cypress, stone, peach, turtle, crane, etc. Represents longevity;
Bats, bergamot, pots, etc. Express happiness;
Magpies and spiders represent happy events;
Dragon and phoenix: the theme that often appears in jade articles, the dragon can ward off evil spirits and bring happiness, while the phoenix is a bird symbolizing good luck.
Peony symbolizes wealth;
Ganoderma lucidum symbolizes wishful thinking;
Cats and butterflies are homophonic, because there is an old saying: "Seventy is called hair, and eighty is called hair." It means longevity;
Jujube and chestnut symbolize early birth;
JiHeQing homophonic auspicious, meaning good luck.
Yu Pei-Jade Pendant Theme
There are many themes of jade pendant, and the most popular theme is "Fudou", which is carved into beans by jade carving. Beans are often used as delicacies in temples, and monks call them "Buddha beans". "More than a year", carved lotus leaves (lotus), carp (rest), some boys riding on carp; Some are carved catfish, which means "there are fish every year" and jade pepper, which means prosperity. "Bless the Soul", carving Ganoderma Lucidum (spirit) and bat (blessing); "Fushou" carved bats (Fu) and peaches (Shou); "Blessing is at hand" carves bats (blessings) and money (heads); "Fushou" carved bergamot; "Fulu" carved gourd; "Fulushou" carved gourd (Fulu) and small beast (Shou). "Immediately seal Hou" to carve a horse (horse) and a monkey (Hou); "Double Huan" carved two badgers (Huan) at the beginning and end; "Birthday Macaque" carved peach monkeys. "Descendants" carved gourds, flowers and leaves, rattan branches, meaning that there are many seeds in the gourd, and the rattan is in harmony with Wan Wan. Carving bamboo "step by step"; "Three Friends in the Cold Year" carved pine, bamboo and plum.
There are many themes of jade pendant:
Collection name: modern imitation Han Yupei
First, beans: "Buddha beans", beans are often used as delicacies in temples, and monks call them "Buddha beans".
Second, fish: often called "more than a year", carved lotus leaves (lotus flowers), carp (many), and some boys ride on carp; Some are carved catfish, which means "there are fish every year"
Third, pepper: it means prosperity.
4. Ganoderma lucidum, bats, ancient coins, ingots and peaches: "Blessing the soul", carving Ganoderma lucidum (spirit), bats (blessing); "Fushou" carved bats (Fu) and peaches (Shou); "Blessing is at hand" carves bats (blessings) and money (heads); Generally speaking, if you carve a melon pattern, it means "happiness is like the East China Sea", and if you carve a pumpkin, it means "longevity is better than the South Mountain".
Five, bergamot, gourd: "Fushou" carved bergamot; "Fulu" carved gourd; "Fulushou" carved gourd (Fulu) and small beast (Shou). Because of different regions and accents, bergamot is sometimes interpreted as "the apple of his eye".
Six, horse monkey: "Immediately seal Hou" carved a horse (horse) and a monkey (Hou);
Badger: It is said that badger is the most loyal creature in the animal kingdom. If one party leaves or dies, the other party will wait for the other party for a lifetime and never leave. Therefore, there is a saying in China that two badgers are carved as the keepsakes of lovers. Two badgers (Huan) are carved at the beginning and end of "Shuanghuan".
Eight, monkeys, longevity peaches: "Macaques offer longevity" carved longevity peaches and little monkeys.
Nine, gourd, corn, pomegranate, grape: because it contains many images, it means "many children and many blessings", and "future generations" carve gourd, leaves and vines, which means that gourd has many seeds, and vines blend with ten thousand years. Corn also means "blockbuster" in the south.
Ten, pine, bamboo, plum: "high" carved bamboo; "Three Friends in the Cold Year" carved pine, bamboo and plum. Carving bamboo festival also implies a step-by-step promotion and academic success.
Xi。 Cicada: Most children wear more clothes, which means "cleverness".
Twelve, cabbage: When it comes to jade, we must first think of the most common cabbage in jade carving, which means "hundred wealth" and more money.
Xiii. Wei and Jin Chan: This is the hottest theme at present, and these two treasures are the gods to attract wealth and ward off evil spirits. Golden toad is a unique theme in jade carving. He is a three-legged toad. Because of his ability to spit, it has become a skill to make money. As soon as the rich golden toad was released, he rushed into the house, while the poor golden toad rushed out of the house. Legend has it that the brave man is the ninth son of the Dragon King. Because he only eats and does not pull, he can make money. There is a record in the Biography of the Western Regions in the Han Dynasty: "There are peaches, lions and urine cows in the left state of Wugeshan." Meng Kang notes the sun: "Peach blossoms are like the tail of a deer in a day, and those with one horn are called Tianlu and those with two horns are called evil spirits." Fighting evil is fighting.
Fourteen, jade carving Guanyin, Buddha: I often hear the saying that "men wear Guanyin and women wear Buddha". In fact, this is not the case. In many places in the south, men wear Guanyin without restriction. My friend once went to Wutai Mountain for sightseeing. Because my friend is a jade lover, I specifically asked the monk on the mountain about it. Monks said that Guanyin and Buddha are both male bodies, and there is no restriction on wearing Guanyin and Buddha. Everyone wears jade for good luck and peace, so no matter what theme is chosen, it is a sincere blessing.
Fifteen, persimmons and magpies: meaning happy events.
Sixteen, crab: it means rich in the world.
Seventeen, conch, gourd: Because it has the function of storage, it can store evil spirits, ward off evil spirits and promote the relationship between husband and wife.
Ganoderma lucidum and orchids represent offspring;
Jade pendant
Gourd represents the meaning of blessing, longevity and Lu, which is taken because the word gourd is homophonic with blessing and Lu;
Later generations will carve gourds, flowers and leaves, rattan branches, indicating that there are many seeds in gourds, and vines are homophonic.
The crow of a rooster implies fame;
Husband and wife, Yuanyang metaphor husband and wife;
Peaches represent longevity and bats represent happiness. The two usually appear together, representing longevity and happiness.
Blessing is just around the corner: bats and copper coins are the main patterns, indicating the coming of blessings;
Blessing from the sky: the pattern is mainly composed of a bat;
Happiness from now on: the pattern is mainly composed of a corn and a mouse. Corn symbolizes the harvest year, and mice have the saying that jade mice send money. Together, the two have the saying of happiness from now on, and goldfish can sometimes be called happiness from now on;
Lotus for more than a year: Lotus, lotus leaf and carp are the most common auspicious patterns, indicating that life is rich;
Wealth, peace and tranquility are blessings and peace: they are usually made of vases. But there are usually other guest designs on vases, such as bats and peonies, which mean that people's lives are peaceful and harmonious, and harmony is a blessing;
Five Blessingg: Usually represented by five bats;
Lucky star all the way: usually composed of a heron and several bats, meaning a safe and happy journey;
Passepartout: It is composed of jade single round beads or long round beads (commonly known as beer barrel beads), with a simple silk rope or K gold chain (because it can be rotated back and forth when worn on the hand or neck, it is also called rolling money). Some beads are generally carved with copper coins, which has a very good meaning and is generally liked by business people.
Jade mouse sends money: usually it consists of one or several mice and copper coins or ingots. It is said that the mouse used to be one of the scattered wealth boys of the god of wealth, and later it was demoted to a mouse because it violated the dogma, so there was a saying that the jade mouse sent money;
Yuanyang: The picture is usually composed of Yuanyang, lotus and lotus leaves, indicating that the husband and wife get along well, love each other and grow old together;
Pomegranate and grape: meaning many children and many blessings;
Bamboo festival: it means that the cause is thriving and rising step by step;
Ping An buckle: The shape of Ping An buckle is very similar to ancient copper coins, which can ward off evil spirits and keep peace, but wearing copper coins is not very beautiful, so there is a Ping An buckle in jade articles, which is both beautiful and meaningful;
Four seasons safety buckle: it consists of a single green pod, and bats generally appear at the edge of the pod. The origin of green beans, monks in ancient temples usually used this pod as the main dish, and over time, people called it four seasons green beans;
Eight hidden treasures: the gourd, the sword, the fan of Han Zhongli, the fish drum of Zhang, the filter of He Xiangu, the yin and yang board of the blue crane, the flower basket of Han Xiangzi and the flute of Cao Guojiu, which can ward off evil spirits and be auspicious;
Longfeng Jixiang Yu Pei
Dragon gives birth to nine sons: Dragon gives birth to nine sons, each with his own strong points. The eldest of the nine sons is called prison cow, who likes music and squats at the piano head; The second child is called Yazi, who loves to kill and fight, and is engraved on the knife ring and handle. The third child's name is Mockingwind, and it was a close call in my life. The beast in the corner of the temple is his portrait. Sizi is not old, and when he is beaten, he growls loudly, acting as the animal button for Hong Zhong to carry the beam and help him sing far and wide; Su Anni, who is shaped like a lion, likes to smoke, sit still, lean on the foot of the incense burner and smoke; Liu Zi, also known as Bi, is like a tortoise with teeth and likes to carry heavy loads. Gambi, who is a tiger and litigious, has an image on both sides of the prison gate or the official main hall; Eight negative, like a dragon, elegant and gentle, coiled on the stone tablet; Laojiu's Kiss (Chiwen), also known as a late kiss or a late kiss, is thick and easy to swallow, so it has become a spineswallowing beast at both ends of the temple ridge, which is used to put out fires and eliminate disasters.
Kirin: an auspicious beast in ancient legends, the male is Kirin and the female is Kirin. Its body is like a moose, like a cow's tail, like a wolf's hoof, like a horn. It is a symbol of good luck, peace and prosperity and world solidarity. It can also ward off evil spirits and bless. It is an important theme in jade carving.
Bamboo, plum blossom and a pair of magpies are represented in the picture, as Li Bai said in his poem: "When you, my love, rode on a bamboo horse, trotted around in circles and left your childhood behind, we lived together for thousands of miles." It describes the scene of a pair of young children playing innocently. This bamboo plum refers to husband and wife and is a tribute to their wedding.
Yu Pei-Procurement
Yu Pei in Fu Lushou's Poems in the Middle Qing Dynasty.
Some booths selling Baoyu in the market are often mixed with some exquisite artificial jade. The more reliable identification methods are: seeing, listening and testing.
Look, mainly depends on the crystal transparency, real jade has strong transparency and oily luster;
Listen, Zhen Yu's voice is crisp, but her voice is dull;
In the test, the real jade scratched the glass, but the jade itself was intact.
Common fake jade includes plastic, stained glass, marble, electrochromic fake jade made of jade powder and crystal with salt water, imitation jade containing nitrate, etc. And their identification methods are different.
Plastic is lighter than jade, and its hardness is poor, so it is generally easy to identify.
It's easy to distinguish between painting and getting off work. As long as you take it under the light or check it in the sun, you will see many bubbles in the glass.
It is difficult to distinguish fake jade by electric color. Its purpose is to electroplate inferior jade and then coat it with a beautiful emerald appearance, so it is easy to mistake it for real jade. At this time, you need to observe carefully. If there are some small cracks with blue in the green, it is fake jade. Because electroplating will leave cracks, experts call it "spider claws". It is also said that if the electro-colored fake jade is put in hot oil, the electroplating color will fade and return to its original color.
Carved dragon and phoenix pattern heavy ring Yu Pei
Synthetic jade made of jade powder, crystal and salt water is an imitation dark old pit jade. The identification method is simple, that is, their specific gravity is different. The specific gravity of natural jade is 3.3-3.4, while that of synthetic jade is only 2.8. Weigh by hand, or use a balance to distinguish between true and false.
Jade imitated with nitrate looks whiter and smoother than jade. The ancients said, "Jade is better than salt, so it must be high." That is, white jade should be as advanced as nitrate. It can be seen that nitrate and jade are difficult to distinguish. However, the facts are different after all. As far as color is concerned, white jade is often blue, and white is rare, while nitrate is pure white. As far as jade is concerned, jade is moist and delicate, as fat as cream. Nitrate is wet, but there are thieves in it. White jade is a natural product, and it is difficult to have a unified structure, including jade ribs and jade flowers. If nitrates are manufactured artificially, there is no such appearance. White jade has a solid texture and no bubbles can be found. No matter how well nitrate is treated, bubbles and pores are often exposed. If you know these items, you won't regard nitrate products as jade articles.
The Korean pattern Yu Pei is oval, 6.5cm long, 4.5cm wide and 65438 0 cm thick. It is carved with suet white jade, and adopts techniques such as round carving, through carving, intaglio carving, grinding and polishing. , and make two females and one male play on the grass, vividly portrayed, fascinating. Two cockroaches have curly bodies, wide mouths and wide noses, with one horn and two ears. The word "two" is engraved on the corner, with round eyes and double eyelids. The nose is curled up and down, with two beards and big ears. Several lines are carved on the legs and claws, indicating the claws of cockroaches. Two front legs on the back are kneeling, one rear leg is straight, and the long tail is rolled up. The word "two" is engraved on the tail to indicate pornography. Two flies are separated by carved grass leaves. Unearthed from the Han Tomb in Shanshantai, Xining City 1964.
The Excavation Briefing of Han Tomb in Shanshantai, Xining (Qinghai Daily, June 25th 1964) reported that the Han Tomb in Shanshantai was rectangular, with a total length of 15m, a width of 4.7m and a height of 7.4m from the ground, and was divided into three parts: entrance, main room and side room. The funerary objects mainly include pottery and bronzes. Pottery includes bowls, pots, pots, spoons and stoves, and bronzes include retort, retort and seal. The bronze seal is put in the box, and the grain is also put in the box. The bronze seal is engraved with the seal script "Peng Anshi Seal", and it is speculated that Peng Anshi is the owner of the tomb. The scale of this tomb is relatively large, and only the wooden coffin uses 100 cubic meters of wood. Judging from its scale and the crystal buried with it, the owner of the tomb should be an upper class.
Exquisite openwork of Hetian White Yu Pei in Ming and Qing Dynasties
The Chinese nation has a long history of using jade. According to archaeological excavations, the earliest users of jade articles were the ancestors of Hemudu culture in Xinglongwa Culture in Northeast China and South China, which has been 8000-7000 years. With the development of social productive forces and the deepening of people's understanding of jade, jade is gradually endowed with more and more cultural connotations. After Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Confucianism was highly respected, and Confucianism "valued jade". Giving, wearing and burying jade became the symbol of social fashion and identity at that time. Jade articles in Han Dynasty have been enriched and developed in modeling and decoration as never before. In particular, Confucianism endowed jade with moral and personalized cultural connotation, and jade became the embodiment of a gentleman.
This Yu Pei is an auspicious Yu Pei. You can wear it or play with it. Blessing with jade is often expressed by carving auspicious words, patterns or auspicious animals on it. Since ancient times, Guo has been regarded as an auspicious animal and carved on objects as auspicious patterns. However, it was only used as jade decoration in the Warring States period, and it was also a popular jade decoration theme in the Han Dynasty. It is said that wearing it can ward off evil spirits. As the decorative theme of auspicious animals, decorative patterns have been used until the Ming and Qing Dynasties.