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Health examination requirements for blood donors (People's Republic of China (PRC) and national standard GB 18467-200 1)
1. range
This standard specifies the items and requirements of physical examination and blood test for blood donors.
This standard is applicable to blood stations (blood banks) at all levels in China for the management and assessment of this institution.
2. Definition
This standard adopts the following definitions.
2. 1 Pre-screening blood donors
Blood donors who ask for blood donation after passing the physical examination and inspection.
2.2 Non-pre-screening blood donors
A blood donor who can donate blood only by physical examination in advance and does not require testing.
3. General rules
3. 1 In order to ensure the health of blood donors and the safety of blood transfusion of recipients, blood donors must undergo physical examination and blood test (initial test) before donating blood, and then collect blood after passing the test, and the collected blood can be used for clinical application only after passing the re-examination.
3.2 Non-pre-check blood donors can take blood after health consultation and physical examination. The collected blood must undergo initial examination and re-examination before it can be used for clinical application.
3.3 Blood donors shall not use reagents produced by the same reagent factory for initial blood examination and re-examination, and the initial blood examination and re-examination of the same specimen shall not be operated by the same person.
3.4 The blood donation health consultation project in this standard is applicable to blood donation activities of blood collection vehicles and blood collection points that do not have the conditions for blood testing.
3.5 The physical examination and blood test of blood donors shall be subject to the results of blood stations, and shall be valid for two weeks.
3.6 This standard is an important basis for blood stations to conduct physical examination, technical operation management and quality audit on blood donors.
4. Requirements for health examination of blood donors
4. 1 criteria for blood donors' physical examination
4. 1. 1 Age: 18 ~ 55 years old.
4. 1.2 Weight: male ≥50kg, female ≥45kg.
4. 1.3 blood pressure: 90mmhg ~140mmhg/60mmhg ~ 90mmhg, pulse pressure: ≥30mmHg.
Or:12.0kpa ~18.7kpa/8.0kpa ~12.0kpa, pulse pressure ≥ 4.0kpa
4. 1.4 Pulse: Rhythm is regular, 60 ~ 100 beats/min, high endurance athletes ≥50 beats/min.
4. 1.5 Body temperature is normal.
4. 1.6 The skin has no yellow spots, no wound infection, no extensive dermatosis and no obvious swelling of superficial lymph nodes.
4. 1.7 There is no serious disease in the five senses, no yellow staining in the sclera and no goiter.
4. 1.8 No serious disability, no serious dysfunction and no joint swelling. There is no skin injury at the puncture site of both arms, and there is no trace of intravenous drug injection.
4. 1.9 chest: the heart and lungs are normal, with no pathological breathing sounds and pathological heart murmurs, and the heart rate is 60 ~ 100 beats/min.
4. 1. 10 Abdomen: The abdomen is flat and soft, without lumps, tenderness and hepatosplenomegaly.
4.2 Blood test requirements of blood donors
4.2. 1 blood group test
4.2. 1. 1 ABO blood group (positive and negative typing method).
4.2. 1.2 Rh blood group (in conditional areas and:; In areas with high negative rates).
4.2.2 Hemoglobin determination: copper sulfate method: male ≥ 1.0520, female ≥1.0500; Equivalent to male ≥ 120g/L and female ≥110g/l. ..
4.2.3 Alanine aminotransferase: ketone body powder method (initial test only): negative; Rate method: ≤40 sets; Reich method: ≤25 units.
4.2.4 Hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg): negative (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the rapid diagnosis method is limited to the initial use of non-fixed blood collection points).
4.2.5 Hepatitis C virus antibody (HCV antibody): negative (ELISA).
4.2.6 HIV antibody (HIV antibody): negative (ELISA).
4.2.7 Syphilis test: negative (RPR method, TRUST method or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay).
4.2.8 Review 4.2. 1, 4.2.3, 4.2.4, 4.2.5, 4.2.6, 4.2.7 (4.2.3 must use the Reich method or the rate method).
4.2.9 After one year of clinical cure of hepatitis A, you can participate in blood donation for three consecutive times, with an interval of one month (subject to the clinical test report).
4.2. 10 Detection of Plasmodium in malaria-prone areas.
4.3 Provisions on blood donation after immunization
4.3. 1 You can donate blood two weeks after the last immunization with live vaccines such as measles, mumps, yellow fever and polio, or four weeks after the last immunization with live rubella and rabies vaccines; After being bitten by rabies, you can donate blood one year after the last rabies vaccine.
4.3.2 Those who receive animal serum can donate blood four weeks after the last injection.
4.3.3 Healthy people do not need to postpone blood donation after receiving hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis A vaccine immunization.
4.3.4 Those who receive hepatitis B immunoglobulin injection can donate blood one year later.
4.4 One of the following circumstances can't donate blood for the time being.
4.4. 1 Less than half a month after tooth extraction or other minor operations; Appendectomy, hernia repair and tonsillectomy within three months; Less than half a year after major surgery.
4.4.2 Three days before and after menstrual period, less than six months after pregnancy and abortion, and less than one year after delivery and lactation.
4.4.3 Those who have recovered from cold and acute gastroenteritis for less than one week, acute urinary tract infection for less than one month and pneumonia for less than three months.
4.4.4 Some infectious diseases: for example, dysentery recovered less than half a year, typhoid fever recovered less than one year, brucellosis recovered less than two years and malaria recovered less than three years.
4.4.5 Less than one week after local skin inflammation healed, and less than two weeks after large area skin inflammation healed.
4.4.6 Less than five days after oral administration of drugs that inhibit or damage platelet function (such as aspirin or aspirin-like drugs).
4.4.7 Transfusion of whole blood and blood components in recent five years.
4.4.8 Injuries or wounds caused by instruments contaminated by blood or tissue fluid are less than one year after tattoo operation.
4.4.9 Those who are in close contact with patients with infectious diseases have the longest incubation period from the date of contact to the onset.
4.5 One of the following circumstances cannot donate blood:
4.5. 1 Patients with viral hepatitis are positive for hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis C virus antibody.
4.5.2 Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected persons.
4.5.3 High-risk groups susceptible to HIV infection, such as drug addicts, homosexuals and sexual partners.
4.5.4 Patients with leprosy and sexually transmitted diseases, such as syphilis and gonorrhea.
4.5.5 The blood of the donor causes the recipient to suffer from infectious diseases related to blood transfusion.
4.5.6 Recurrent allergic diseases and allergic patients, such as recurrent urticaria, bronchial asthma and drug allergy (blood donation is not allowed for simple urticaria during acute attack).
4.5.7 All kinds of tuberculosis patients, such as tuberculosis, renal tuberculosis, lymphoid tuberculosis, bone tuberculosis, etc.
4.5.8 Patients with cardiovascular diseases, such as various heart diseases, hypertension, hypotension, myocarditis and thrombophlebitis.
4.5.9 Patients with respiratory diseases, such as chronic bronchitis, emphysema, bronchiectasis and pulmonary insufficiency.
4.5. 10 patients with digestive system diseases, such as severe gastric and duodenal ulcer, chronic gastroenteritis, chronic pancreatitis, etc.
4.5. 1 1 Patients with urinary system diseases, such as acute and chronic nephritis, chronic urinary tract infection, nephrotic syndrome, acute and chronic renal insufficiency, etc.
4.5. 12 patients with hematological diseases, such as anemia, leukemia, polycythemia vera and various bleeding and coagulation diseases.
4.5. 13 patients with endocrine diseases or metabolic disorders, such as pituitary and adrenal diseases, hyperthyroidism, acromegaly, diabetes insipidus, diabetes, etc.
4.5. 14 patients with organic nervous system diseases or mental diseases, such as encephalitis, sequelae of brain trauma, epilepsy, schizophrenia, hysteria, severe neurasthenia, etc.
4.5. 15 patients with parasites and endemic diseases, such as leishmaniasis, schistosomiasis, filariasis, hookworm disease, cysticercosis, paragonimiasis, Keshan disease, Kaschin-Beck disease, etc.
4.5. 16 Patients with various malignant tumors and benign tumors that affect their health.
4.5. 17 patients who underwent surgery to remove important organs such as stomach, kidney, spleen and lung.
4.5. 18 patients with chronic skin diseases, especially infectious, allergic and inflammatory systemic skin diseases, such as chloasma, generalized eczema and systemic psoriasis.
4.5. 19 patients with ocular diseases such as keratitis, optic neuritis and high myopia with fundus changes.
4.5.20 Autoimmune diseases and collagen diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis and scleroderma.
4.5.2 1 patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and those with family history, or those who are treated with tissues or tissue derivatives (such as dura mater, cornea and human pituitary growth hormone). ) may be infected with the pathogen of creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
4.5.22 Some patients with occupational diseases, such as radioactive diseases, pneumoconiosis, acute and chronic poisoning caused by harmful gases and toxic substances, etc.
4.5.23 Patients with other diseases who the physical examination doctor thinks cannot donate blood.
4.6 Blood donation amount and blood donation time interval
4.6. 1 blood donation: any blood donor who meets the health examination standards of blood donors can donate 200ml or 400ml each time.
4.6.2 Blood donation time interval
4.6.2. 1 whole blood donation: more than six months.
Platelets collected by machine in 4.6.2.2: collected every 4 weeks. If the interval is less than 4 weeks, the platelet count should be ≥ 150× 109/L before collection.
After collecting platelets in 4.6.2.3, you can donate whole blood at intervals of more than 4 weeks, and then donate whole blood at intervals of donating whole blood.