Recently, the global COVID-19 epidemic has shown a downward trend, but it is still at a high level. The epidemic situation in some neighboring countries has risen rapidly, and the pressure on China to prevent imports from abroad has continued to increase. According to the latest data released by the World Health Organization on the 3rd, the total number of confirmed cases in COVID-19 has reached 240 million. In addition, since 10 and 17, this round of COVID-19 epidemic has spread to Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Gansu, Heilongjiang, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Henan and other provinces 19, and more than 700 local positive cases have been added nationwide. At present, the domestic epidemic situation is still developing rapidly, and the prevention and control situation is severe and complicated. Residents should remain vigilant, tighten the string of epidemic prevention and control, and take necessary protective measures.
Protective measures:
1. Actively vaccinate. COVID-19 vaccination for the population aged 3- 1 1 has been carried out in cities of our province, and the school-age population without taboos should complete the whole vaccination process as soon as possible. In addition, residents who meet the requirements of booster immunization should complete the booster vaccination of COVID-19 vaccine as soon as possible.
2. Pay attention to personal protection. Residents should wear masks in daily travel, try to reduce unnecessary gatherings and keep social distance. Maintain good personal and environmental hygiene, wash your hands frequently, ventilate frequently, pay attention to rest, pay attention to nutrition, and strengthen your physique.
3. Do a good job in self-health monitoring. Pay attention to your own health. If you have fever, dry cough, fatigue and other symptoms, please put on a mask, go to a nearby medical institution with a fever clinic in time, and take the initiative to report the onset, travel history and contact history to the doctor for diagnosis and treatment.
4. Take the initiative to report the itinerary. 10 19 People who have been to Yin Ji Ice and Snow World in xinmi city since October, especially those who have lived in Yin Ji Ice and Snow Hotel; 1October 19 People from Binhu Community, Jiayu Town, Xingyang City; Persons who have lived in other high-risk areas in China and have intersected with the published activity trajectory of positive infected persons; Please report to the local community and units immediately, and cooperate with the community to implement isolation control, COVID-19 nucleic acid detection, health monitoring and other prevention and control measures as soon as possible.
2. Influenza
Influenza is an "ancient" acute respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza virus, which is spread by droplets. Typical clinical manifestations are sudden chills, high fever, headache, general aches, fatigue and other systemic poisoning symptoms, while respiratory symptoms are mild. The disease is often self-limited, and the course of disease is usually 3 ~ 4 days. As many as 650 thousand people die every year in the world, which has a great impact on human health. Influenza is also the first infectious disease monitored worldwide.
Combined with the current global epidemic background of COVID-19 epidemic and the continuous emergence of mutant strains in COVID-19, it has brought more uncertainty to the development of the epidemic. In autumn and winter this year, the risk of overlapping epidemics of COVID-19 epidemic and influenza and other respiratory infectious diseases still exists, further increasing the complexity and difficulty of prevention and control work. Therefore, it is more important to prevent and control seasonal influenza.
Protective measures:
1. Get the flu vaccine. An effective measure to prevent and control influenza is to vaccinate against influenza. According to the latest technical guidelines for influenza vaccination in China, the following people are recommended as priority vaccination targets: medical personnel, including clinical rescuers, public health personnel, health and quarantine personnel, etc. Participants and auxiliary personnel of large-scale activities; Vulnerable people and employees in old-age care institutions, long-term care institutions, welfare homes and other crowd gathering places; Personnel in key places, such as kindergartens, teachers and students in primary and secondary schools, detainees and prison staff. ; Other high-risk groups of influenza include the elderly aged 60 and above, children aged 6 months to 5 years, patients with chronic diseases, families and caregivers of infants under 6 months, pregnant women or women who are preparing to get pregnant during the flu season. People who are over 6 months old and have no contraindications can be vaccinated with influenza vaccine.
2. Maintain good personal hygiene habits. Wear a mask, wash your hands frequently and try to avoid going to crowded places; After flu symptoms appear, cover your nose and mouth with paper towels and towels when coughing or sneezing, and then wash your hands; Try to avoid contact with eyes, nose or mouth. When family members have flu patients, they should try to avoid close contact, especially when there are elderly people and patients with chronic diseases at home.
3. Prevention and control of key places. Collective units such as kindergartens, schools, families, hospitals, factories and nursing homes are prone to cluster epidemics. The daily ventilation, cleaning and disinfection of these key places should be strengthened, and once the epidemic situation occurs, it should be handled and reported in time.
3, chickenpox
Chickenpox is an acute infectious disease caused by varicella-zoster virus, which is highly contagious and more common in children. Adults have more serious symptoms than children. It is characterized by fever, and red maculopapules, herpes and scabs appear on the skin and mucosa in batches. The rash is centripetal and mainly occurs in the chest, abdomen, back and limbs. Chickenpox patients are the only source of infection, which is contagious from 1 ~ 2 days before onset to the scab stage of rash, and can be transmitted by contact or droplet inhalation. The incidence rate of susceptible children can reach over 95%. April-July and 1 1- 1 are the seasonal peak seasons in our province. The disease is a self-limited disease, and lifelong immunity can be obtained after the disease.
Protective measures:
1. Vaccinate against varicella. Chickenpox vaccine is the most effective means to prevent chickenpox. The main target of vaccination is susceptible chickenpox patients aged 12 months and above. Generally, vaccination can play a protective role in about 2 weeks.
2. Management of infected persons. Control the source of infection and isolate the child until the rash scabs. All items and respiratory secretions of patients should be disinfected from the beginning of rash to scabbing of all herpes, so as to prevent susceptible children and pregnant women from contacting patients, and wash their hands thoroughly after contacting patients.
3. Strengthen personal protection. Strengthen exercise and enhance the body's immunity. Pay attention to wearing masks in public places, maintain good personal hygiene habits, wash hands frequently, hang clothes and quilts, and reduce the number of people going to crowded public places with poor air circulation.
4, norovirus infectious diarrhea
Norovirus-infected diarrhea can occur all year round, especially in winter and spring in China. Most of them are concentrated in schools, kindergartens, hospitals and other crowded places, and the epidemic often occurs in tour groups, cruise ships and holiday centers. In recent years, China reported several outbreaks of domestic and foreign tour groups.
Infection usually occurs through the following ways: eating or drinking food or water contaminated by norovirus, touching objects or surfaces contaminated by virus, putting your fingers in your mouth, and touching infected people. Shellfish products such as oysters, raw fruits and vegetables are also common foods that cause infection.
Norovirus diarrhea is mainly mild, the most common clinical symptoms are vomiting and diarrhea, followed by nausea, abdominal pain, headache, fever, chills and muscle aches. Most patients can recover in 2-3 days after symptoms appear. A few cases will develop into severe illness or even death, and the high-risk groups of severe illness or death are the elderly and children.
Protective measures:
1. Pay attention to food hygiene. Pay attention to washing hands frequently, especially before and after meals and before processing food; Don't drink raw water; Do not eat uncooked food and milk that has not been disinfected at high temperature. Seafood such as shellfish and oysters should be eaten after deep processing; Wash fruits and vegetables carefully before eating, and don't eat unclean fruits and vegetables.
2. Pay attention to standardization. Do not touch the patient, the patient's vomit, excrement, its pollutants and the environment. Patients with norovirus enteritis should be isolated until 3 days after rehabilitation. Mild patients can be isolated at home or in epidemic institutions, and severe patients need to be sent to medical institutions for isolation treatment. The environment or surface of an object contaminated by vomit or excrement of a patient should be cleaned and disinfected by trained personnel with chlorine-containing disinfectant or other effective disinfectant, and the contaminated clothes or sheets should be taken off immediately for cleaning. Wear a mask and rubber or disposable gloves when disinfecting and cleaning, and carefully clean and disinfect your hands after cleaning.