Characteristics of microelectronics technology
Microelectronics technology is developed on the basis of traditional electronic technology. It is called "microelectronics" because it is an advanced technology in the micro field, and its characteristics are "four micro": ① its signal processing is realized in the microelectronics movement in solid state; (2) Its working range is micron-level or even lattice-level micro-area of solid; (3) The transmission and exchange of signals are only carried out in a small range; (4) It has a large volume, and electronic functional components or even subsystems can be integrated on the microchip. In a word, microelectronics technology refers to a unique and magical special technology that works in an almost invisible range.
Microelectronics technology affects a country's comprehensive national strength, as well as people's working style, lifestyle and way of thinking, and is regarded as the core technology of the new technological revolution. It is no exaggeration to say that without microelectronics, there would be no information industry today, no development of computer, modern communication, network and other industries, and no information society today. Therefore, many countries attach great importance to microelectronics as an important strategic technology and invest a lot of manpower, financial resources and material resources in research and development. Because the integrated circuit realizes the integration of materials, components and circuits, and the integration of design and technology, it greatly simplifies the manufacturing process and cost of traditional electronic equipment, and also makes the miniaturization and high reliability of electronic equipment possible. In the more than 40 years since the appearance of integrated circuits, its integration has increased rapidly at the rate of quadrupling every three years, thus promoting the rapid development of microelectronics technology and having a far-reaching impact on the production and life of human society.