At present, China still faces two major tasks of the health revolution. The primary task of the health revolution is to fight infectious diseases, which has made great achievements, but it still has a long way to go. The task of the second health revolution is non-communicable chronic diseases, which are the main diseases threatening the people at present, especially cancer, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. According to the survey in 20001year, the mortality rate of the three major killers is 62.47% in cities and 50. 19% in rural areas. At present, the mortality rate of the three major diseases accounts for 64% of the total mortality rate. How to treat the three killers depends mainly on self-care, health education and health promotion. We must resolutely implement the policy of "prevention first" so as not to get sick, get sick less and get sick later.