Rural customs are formed by the long-term accumulation of people's living habits, psychological characteristics and cultural habits in a place. Rural customs civilization is essentially a requirement for rural spiritual civilization, including ideology, morality, culture, science and technology, customs, legal system, social security and many other aspects, reflecting the relationship between people in rural areas. Through rural customs, people can often perceive the local people's ideological accomplishment, moral quality and cultural taste. Rural civilization is the soul of new rural construction, an important part of building a new socialist countryside, and the ideological basis and platform for developing modern agriculture, which plays a decisive role.
(A) to strengthen the construction of rural civilization is the inevitable requirement of building a new socialist countryside. Rural civilization refers to the continuous improvement of farmers' ideological status, mental outlook, cultural accomplishment and moral level, advocating civilized science and healthy social customs; Education, culture, health and sports develop in harmony. At present, the rural areas of China are in a transitional stage from subsistence to well-off. Rapid social changes have changed the traditional way of life of "working at sunrise and resting at sunset". Farmers demand that the material living conditions such as food, clothing, housing and transportation be further improved, and that their spiritual and cultural life be greatly improved, and that the construction of rural customs and civilization be strengthened.
(2) Strengthening the construction of rural civilization is the objective need of socialist market economy. Under the new situation of socialist market economy, it is particularly urgent to strengthen the construction of rural civilization. Due to the long-term influence of small farmers' economic consciousness, some farmers still have feudal backward consciousness, which restricts the development of rural economy to some extent. Only by strengthening the construction of rural civilization with ideological and moral construction, education and scientific and cultural construction as the main contents, and carrying out the popularization education of socialist market economy and modern scientific and technological knowledge, can farmers master the basic knowledge of market economy, improve their scientific and technological cultural quality, and better meet the needs of the development of socialist market economy.
(3) Strengthening the construction of rural civilization is an important guarantee for rural social stability. Rural stability is related to the long-term stability of the country. If the countryside is unstable, the whole political situation will be unstable. Unswervingly take the construction of rural civilization as the starting point, vigorously strengthen the construction of rural grass-roots organizations and cadres, solve the outstanding problems that farmers have strongly reflected, take the safety of farmers' cold and warm into account, safeguard their legitimate rights and interests, and ensure the stability and stability of rural society.
(4) Strengthening rural civilization construction is an important part of socialist spiritual civilization construction. China is a big agricultural country, and the rural population accounts for the vast majority. Rural civilization is the concrete embodiment of socialist spiritual civilization in rural areas and the soul of building a new socialist countryside. It is of great significance to grasp the civilization of rural customs, cultivate new farmers with morality, culture, technology and management skills, continuously improve farmers' ideological and moral quality and scientific and cultural level, guide farmers to develop a scientific and civilized lifestyle, advocate positive and healthy social customs, create a harmonious social atmosphere, and promote farmers' transformation from traditional lifestyle to modern civilized lifestyle. It can be said that without rural civilization, there would be no spiritual civilization of the whole society.
Second, the current outstanding problems in the construction of rural civilization
With the reform and opening up and the continuous development of rural economy, a series of new situations and problems have emerged in rural civilization, some of which are still outstanding, mainly as follows:
(A) backward cultural facilities in rural areas. Due to economic and historical reasons, the investment in rural cultural facilities is seriously insufficient, the construction of rural cultural positions lags behind, there are no cultural centers and cultural villages, and rural cultural life is monotonous, which cannot meet the growing cultural needs of farmers.
(2) The concept of farmers is backward. With the in-depth development of reform and opening up, some farmers' world outlook, outlook on life and values have deviated, especially the spirit of some young farmers' hard work and efforts to get rich has faded. Rural social atmosphere lacks strong and correct guidance, and long-term bad habits and current bad atmosphere have affected the formation of civilized atmosphere to some extent. A few farmers lack healthy spiritual pursuit, and in some places even feudal superstitious activities prevail, and the atmosphere of advocating scientific and cultural knowledge is not strong, which restricts the construction of rural civilization.
Rural sanitation is very poor. Due to the lag of living habits and public facilities construction, the phenomenon of dirty and messy in rural areas is widespread. In many rural areas, the harmony between human settlements and nature has been neglected, disorderly construction, muck piling, garbage dumping, sewage splashing, livestock stocking, drinking water failing to meet hygiene standards and the ecological environment deteriorating. The rural medical system is not perfect, the medical and health level is low, the quality of medical personnel is low, and the equipment is simple. In addition, the soaring drug prices far exceed the level of rural economic development and the economic affordability of farmers. Farmers can't get timely treatment when they get sick, and some ask witch doctors and quacks to see a doctor, which is "difficult and expensive" and returns to poverty because of illness.
(D) Rural culture and education are backward. Pornographic books, audio-visual products have spread in rural areas, and the phenomenon of playing cards and gambling is widespread, which has polluted the social atmosphere in rural areas. It is common for rural children to be raised from generation to generation, and the phenomenon of dropping out of school is serious. The ideological education of minors is not done well, and the crime rate of minors has increased obviously, which endangers the social order in rural areas. Some farmers are spiritually empty, and there are many people who pray to God and worship Buddha. Some people don't go to the hospital when they are sick. Instead, they turned to wizards and gods. If something happens at home, please ask the gods to exorcise evil spirits, family members go out, get married at weddings and funerals, burn incense and worship Buddha, and predict good or bad luck.
(E) Rural social management is backward. Some rural grass-roots organizations have no ability to coordinate, manage and help farmers increase their income and get rich. The overall quality of rural grassroots cadres is not high, and some are overbearing, do not talk about democracy, do things unfairly, bully the masses, and the relationship between the party and the masses is tense. Many rural village affairs are not promoted, the financial system is not perfect, financial management is chaotic, and the authenticity of public accounts is difficult to guarantee.
(VI) The problem of social stability in rural areas is outstanding. Rural neighborhood disputes and fights over trivial matters occur from time to time; The phenomenon of disharmony between mother-in-law and daughter-in-law, abuse of the elderly and failure to support the elderly is widespread, which seriously affects family harmony; Theft, robbery and other crimes against property remain high, and criminal cases caused by disputes increase; Public security cases such as petty theft and gambling have increased; Mass incidents such as collective petitions and leapfrog petitions have increased; Sectarian forces and evil forces are on the rise in rural areas, and some dominate one side, and the masses lack a sense of security.