1, preschool education was founded by educator (). With him as a symbol, the theory of preschool education is separated from general pedagogy, and it has become an independent discipline from general understanding to establishing an independent category and system.
A, Aristotle B, Plato C, wrobel D, Comenius
2. Kindergartens should pay attention to all kinds of sports activities, especially outdoor sports activities, and ensure that children have at least () outdoor sports time every day.
A, one hour b, two hours c, three hours d, four hours.
3. The types of performance games are () A, children's performance B, desktop performance C, shadow play D and puppet show.
4. There are ten principles that belong to Chen Heqin's curriculum compilation ()
A, popularity, b, naivety, entertainment, speech.
5, the elements of Montessori education methods include ()
A, prepared environment B, teacher C, student D, teaching AIDS
6. Among all kinds of curriculum development models, () has a great influence on kindergarten curriculum development.
A, inquiry mode b, game mode c, target mode d, process mode
7, the superiority of family education is mainly manifested in ()
A, strong infectivity b, special permeability c, natural continuity d, special heredity
8, scientific research is the use of scientific methods to reveal the nature of things in a certain field, to explore its development law of the cognitive process, with characteristics such as ().
A, theoretical B, objective C, systematic D, creativity
9, the course content organization mainly includes ()
A, subject course B, game course C, core course D, activity course
10, the five-finger activity course has several course objectives ().
A, being a person B, body C, intelligence D, mood
1 1, children's aesthetic development process roughly experienced stages are ()
A, unconscious response B, conscious response C, imitation performance D, conscious performance
12, preschool social education is characterized by ()
Group A and B, Goal C, Plan D, Diversity
13, children's structural games are divided into () according to skills.
A, finishing B, bonding C, punching D, and knitting
14, the representative figure of game theory growth theory is (), etc.
A, apli Deng B, Gross C, Hall D, Barton Dyke
15 and () are the basic principles for Chen Heqin to establish the five-finger activity course.
A, suitable for China national conditions b, gamification c, happy teaching d, suitable for children's physical and mental development characteristics.
16, Chen Heqin several specific preparation methods are ()
A, triangle method B, circle method C, straight line method D and mixed method
17, the following belong to the intuitive method ()
A, observation method b, visit method c, model law d, model law
18, the characteristic of kindergarten teaching is ().
I. Activities and participation; B, life and enlightenment; C, knowledge and education D, playfulness and situational
19, the general procedure of educational experiment includes several steps ().
A, determine the subject b, experimental design c, implementation design d, and summary.
20, belong to the professional characteristics of preschool teachers have ()
A, the initiative and naivety of the working object; B, the educational task is arduous;
C. creativity and flexibility in the work process; D. Demonstration and infectivity of educational impact
2 1. From the historical development of preschool education, in the era of (), preschool education centered on developing children's intelligence.
A,1from the second half of the 9th century to the first half of the 20th century, b, from the 1960s to the 1970s, and after the 1980s,
D, 2 1 century later
22, Swiss psychologist Piaget put forward several basic elements of children's psychological development is ().
A, maturity B, experience of practice and acquisition C, social experience D, a balanced process with self-regulation function.
23, the principle of kindergarten education is ()
A, the principle of combining education with protection b, the principle of taking games as the basic activity c, the principle of educational activity and diversity of activities.
D, the principle of giving full play to the overall educational function of one-day activities
24, belong to the kindergarten intuitive means ()
A, visual object B, visual mold C, visual audio-visual teaching aid D, visual language
25. The organizational forms of kindergarten teaching mainly include ()
A, game teaching B, group teaching (class) C, group teaching D, individual teaching
26, the text, also known as "this theory", is the main body of academic papers, including ()
A, argument (topic) B, argument C, argument D, discussion
27, determine the research topic should be cautious, after repeated consideration. The principle that should be followed is ()
A, Theory B, Value C, Creativity D, Feasibility
28. Dictation methods commonly used in kindergartens are ()
A, talk and discuss B, explain C, give a speech and perform D, talk and exchange
29, the types of performing games include ()
A, children's performance B, desktop performance C, shadow play D, puppet show
30, "doll play house" belongs to the () game.
A, structure game B, role game C, performance game D, intelligence game
II. Fill in the blanks (15)
1, American psychologist Bloom has followed up nearly a thousand children and concluded that () is the fastest period of children's intelligence development.
2. The dual task of kindergartens () is a major feature of kindergartens in China, and it is also the social mission of kindergartens in China.
3. () refers to an independent action and confrontational behavior that is not conducive to education in the process of children's physical and mental development.
4, children's (), it is precisely his adaptation to the complex environment development potential and plasticity, which is an important condition for human development.
5. Psychologists () put forward the mature determinism of individual development according to the famous experiment of twins climbing stairs.
6. Home visits are generally divided into two types: home visits before children enter the park and home visits after they enter the park. Home visits after entering the park (institute) are divided into () and key home visits.
7. 1903, () was established at the initiative of Zhang Zhidong. This is the first preschool education institution founded by ourselves in China.
8. For a long time, the research on the basic theory of preschool education in China has been shrouded in the theoretical system of preschool education in the former Soviet Union. (1) teaching mode has become a consistent mode of preschool education in China for decades.
9. () In the history of human education, he was the first to put forward the argument that "education should follow nature", which pointed out the correct direction for human research and education of children.
10, Kang Youwei first proposed to implement pre-school social education in China on ().
1 1, () refers to the obstacles and problems caused by the loss and variation of environmental conditions needed for human development.
12, the purpose of education in China is based on ().
13, the implementation of () education for preschool children is the basic starting point of preschool education in China, and it is also the task of preschool education stipulated by laws and regulations of preschool education in China.
14, German psychologist () believes that games are preparation for activities needed in future life, and they are instinctive exercises or trainings.
15, the educational content of Systematic Teaching of Preschool Knowledge includes three parts: organization and education of children's life, festivals and entertainment, and ().
Three, judge right or wrong and make a brief explanation (25 points)
1. Group activities are "for all" and group and individual activities are "taking care of individual differences".
2. Preschool children's all-round development education requires individuals to go hand in hand and develop equally in physical, intellectual, moral and aesthetic aspects.
3. Conservation is a nurse's business, not a teacher's.
4. There is no difference between educational purpose and educational policy.
5. The educational tasks of nurseries and kindergartens are different, and each has its own emphasis.
Four, short answer questions (20 points)
What are the new trends of preschool education after the middle of the 20th century?
2. How to cultivate children's intellectual quality?
3. What are the historical evolution of preschool teachers' professional roles?
4. Briefly describe the similarities and differences (development trends) of preschool education tasks in major countries in the world.
5. Briefly describe the basic principles of kindergarten curriculum evaluation.
Five, essay questions (30 points)
1, illustrate the characteristics and educational functions of children's games with examples.
2. Try to analyze the main points of Montessori's preschool education theory.
20 10 teacher qualification exam Pre-school pedagogy simulation exam reference answer
I. Non-directional multiple-choice questions (30 points)
1、C 2、B 3、ABCD 4、ABD 5、ABD 6、CD 7、ABCD 8、BCD 9、ACD 10、ABCD 1 1、ACD 12、ABCD 13、ABCD 14、A 15、AD 16、BCD 65438+
II. Fill in the blanks (15)
1, before the age of 5, 2, conservation and education, 3, initial negative phase (or education crisis) 4, weakness 5, gesell 6, regular home visit 7, Hubei kindergarten 8, teaching-discipline 9, Aristotle 10, Datong book1kloc-0/,development crisis 6544.
Three, judge right or wrong and make a brief explanation (25 points)
1, error. In China, due to the large class size and small space, the main organizational form of education in educational institutions is group activities, while group activities and individual activities are relatively few, which is not conducive to fully meeting the different needs of different children. In education, we should pay attention to the flexible use of collective, group and individual educational organization forms. Some teachers think that collective activities are "for all" and collective and individual activities are "taking care of individual differences", which is wrong. Facing the whole and taking care of individual differences are inseparable aspects, which are realized through various organizational forms. Collective activities that do not pay attention to individual differences cannot really face the whole.
2. mistakes. The all-round development education of preschool children does not require the individual to develop physically, intellectually, morally and aesthetically, nor does it mean that the individual can develop independently in all aspects. For different children, they may have their own strengths and outstanding performances in all aspects, but the development of preschool children in all aspects should be comprehensive and harmonious. Body, intelligence, morality and beauty are the basic qualities of human development. Physical education, intellectual education, moral education and aesthetic education are organic components of quality education. On the one hand, they undertake relatively independent tasks in all-round development education and play different roles in people's physical and mental development; On the other hand, because human development is a whole, the two are closely linked and promote each other.
3. mistakes. Protection and education are realized in the same process. In essence, the process of protecting children is also a process of effectively influencing children physically, intellectually, morally and aesthetically. Conservation and education are not carried out separately, but are realized in the same educational process under the guidance of a unified educational goal. Some teachers think that conservation is a nurse's job and has nothing to do with themselves, so they don't include conservation in the education work plan, or understand the combination of conservation and teaching as a simple cooperation between nurses and teachers, but don't understand the deep meaning of the combination of conservation and teaching, so they ignore the conservation factors in education. For example, when doing homework teaching activities, children sit and listen for a long time, and carry out intellectual activities continuously, regardless of the fatigue of children's body and brain nervous system. The combination of protection and education is the concrete embodiment of the educational policy of children's all-round development, and it is also the summary of preschool education practice in China.
4. mistakes. There are both connections and differences: both are formulated by the state and are basic requirements for education. However, the educational policy is the general provision for educational work, which includes the general requirements for the nature, direction, purpose and realization of education. The purpose of education is only the quality standards and training specifications of talents.
5. correct. The specific educational task of the nursery is simply to provide good care and education for children and promote their initial all-round development. The task of kindergarten is to implement the policy of combining conservation with education, educate children to develop in an all-round way in physical, intellectual, moral and aesthetic aspects, and promote the harmonious development of children's body and mind. Kindergarten also provides convenient conditions for parents to participate in work and study. It can be seen that the educational task of kindergartens has higher and deeper requirements than that of nurseries. However, the task of kindergarten education cannot be completed without the task of nursery education. The specific educational task of kindergarten is put forward on the basis of the educational task of kindergarten. Its specific tasks of physical, intellectual, moral and aesthetic education are more complete, richer in content and more demanding. Nurseries and kindergartens not only undertake the educational task of promoting children's all-round development, but also have the same task, that is, to reduce the burden on parents and relieve their worries.
Four, short answer questions (20 points)
1, 1. Diversification of basic theory and practice mode of preschool education: revival of Montessori education law, application of Piaget's cognitive theory and introduction of western preschool education theory, etc. , so that China's preschool education circle presents a situation of letting a hundred flowers blossom. 2. Integration of preschool education goals: Modern preschool education is required to take the cultivation of "complete children" as the main goal. 3. Diversification and communization of preschool education institutions. 4. Scientific methods of preschool education.
2. Preschool period is an important period for the formation of good intellectual quality. We should pay attention to the following points: first, create good educational conditions, provide various activities and learning places suitable for children's intellectual development, and consciously cultivate children's various intellectual qualities. Second, we should start with children and cultivate their practical ability while attaching importance to intellectual development. For example, eating and dressing, manual labor and so on. It is especially important for preschool children's intellectual development to fully develop their ability to use their hands and brains, so as to show their creativity.
3.( 1) As a nanny stage: In ancient society, I played the role of a nanny, whose main responsibility was to look after children and take care of their daily lives.
(2) Learning from teachers: The development of big industry and science and technology requires preschool teachers not only to protect children's bodies, but also to inspire and induce children to promote their all-round physical and mental development. As a result, the role of preschool teachers has gradually changed from nanny to educator, and people's address for preschool teachers has gradually changed from nanny to teacher.
(3) The stage of diversification of preschool teachers' roles: After the Second World War, people gave preschool teachers many new role expectations, such as hoping that preschool teachers would become children's playmates, learning guides, substitutes for mothers, intimate friends of children, etc. In short, it is generally believed that the more roles preschool teachers play, the more conducive to children's socialization, and the more conducive to the healthy development of children's body and mind.
4, 1. Pay attention to children's physical and mental health. Pay attention to the interaction between children and the environment. Pay attention to the development of children's intelligence and creativity. Pay attention to the development of children's personality. Attach importance to the role of family in preschool education. Pay attention to children's school preparation 7. Attach importance to the education of special children.
5. The general principle is that evaluation should be conducive to giving play to the initiative, enthusiasm and research spirit of teachers, principals and curriculum decision makers in improving the curriculum. Specific performance: 1. Evaluation should be conducive to the improvement and development of the curriculum: mainly to find and solve problems. Therefore, kindergarten curriculum evaluation should focus on diagnosing and improving the role of curriculum and teaching, and should not only be regarded as an appraisal means for teachers' work or children's development. 2. Teachers' subjectivity should be brought into play in the evaluation; 3. Evaluation should be conducive to children's development: the ultimate goal of education is to promote children's development, so we should pay attention to "suitable for children's development" and "effectively promoting children's development" as the fundamental standards in curriculum evaluation.
Five, essay questions (30 points)
1, the characteristics of the game are the expression of the essential attributes of the game. Educators in China attribute the characteristics of games to the following four aspects: (1) Games are children's voluntary activities; initiative is the main feature of games. Preschool children are in a period of rapid physical and mental development, and games are in line with children's physical and mental development level. Physiologically, children's ability to move independently is enhanced and they are interested in activities. They need to move, know things, operate objects and practice repeatedly. Psychologically speaking, games have actions, activities and toys. The content and form of the game are colorful and fascinating, and children can move freely. The game is a loose activity, which can meet children's needs and is produced by children's direct needs.
(2) Games reflect the surrounding life in an imaginary situation: games are social. The content, types and ways of games are influenced by social history, geography and customs. Therefore, children's games are a reflection of the real life around them. However, what children reflect in the game is not a copy of the life around them, but a new image of the appearance of daily life is formed through imagination, and others' activities are repeated in new ways of action. Games provide a space for children to give full play to their creativity.
(3) Games have no practical value in society, no mandatory social obligations, and do not directly create wealth: games do not lie in external purposes but in their own process. The game has no strong demand to complete the task, and there is no external control. Of course, when adults design and guide games, they can also add a certain purpose to the game, such as training children to care about others by playing doctors in the game. But it is not necessary for children to make this goal clear in the game and pursue it. Children's interest still lies in the process of playing, and any result outside the game is not important.
(4) Games are accompanied by happy emotions, which are mainly manifested in three aspects: First, games adapt to children's needs and physical and mental development level, and children feel great happiness because they can be active in games. Second, in the game, children can control their own environment, show their abilities, realize their wishes and get pleasure from success and creation. Third, there is no mandatory goal and no pressure in the game, and children feel relaxed and happy.
2. Montessori is a famous Italian child educator. She founded "Children's Home" on 1907, and carried out the world-famous educational experiment of "educating normal children by educating disabled children", which created an educational miracle. 1909 published the representative work Montessori Education Law, and 1933 published The Secret of Childhood, which comprehensively expounded her unique views on preschool education. The Montessori education method named after her spread all over the world. The main points of Montessori's preschool education theory are:
(1) Children's autonomous learning rule: In the process of education, she found that all children are born with a psychology of "absorbing" culture, and children can learn by themselves. She believes that this discovery has brought about a revolution: first, children are no longer regarded as a young creature, but are endowed with great creativity. Second, this ability belongs to unconscious psychology, and it can only become consciousness through activities and life experiences. Therefore, she regards education as a process to promote the natural development of children's inner strength, emphasizes children's free activities, opposes adult-centered education, opposes traditional unified class teaching, and allows children to study individually.
(2) Pay attention to the educational environment and the role of teachers: In Montessori education, a prepared environment is the key. Therefore, education is to create a good learning environment for children. In education, teachers are not traditional machines to instill knowledge, but creators, observers and instructors of the environment. Teachers carefully design the environment and learning materials for children, provide necessary development means, and ensure that children can study freely. Respond appropriately to the different needs of young children and provide necessary help. Montessori clearly pointed out that the quality of children's free learning is determined by the quality of teachers.
(3) Attach importance to sensory training: In Montessori education, sensory education is an important content. She believes that sensory education is mainly a process of children's self-education based on teaching AIDS. "Sensory isolation" is two important technical features of Montessori sensory training, and its purpose is to effectively keep children's attention through this method. There are two main methods of sensory isolation: blindfolding and darkroom.
Montessori's educational theory has also been criticized, which mainly shows that it pays attention to intelligence but ignores the cultivation of children's emotions, ignores children's socialization activities, and its sensory education teaching AIDS are divorced from children's real life. However, despite this, Montessori education is of great practical significance to today's preschool education reform.