On June 7th, 20 14, five contestants took part in a test organized by the Royal Society. One of them, Eugene Gustmann, passed the Turing test (a method to test whether a machine has human intelligence). Most of the testers thought it was a Ukrainian boy of 13 years old.
Eugene's performance in the test "fooled" people's judgment, which is enough to prove that artificial intelligence can basically replace the work of normal adults. As Winston, a professor at MIT, said, "Artificial intelligence is to study how to make computers do mental work that only people can do in the past."
Accordingly, using robot doctors to see a doctor may also become the choice of people's life in the future, and this way has already begun to emerge.
20 1 1 February, 2008, Watson, a supercomputer developed by IBM, defeated the human brain in the American educational TV program "Risk", that is, the two best human players in the history of risk, ken jennings and Brad Ratt. Since then, Watson has been declared as a highly skilled doctor to participate in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.
Similarly, some people in China began to rely on "Baidu Brain" to see a doctor. Anyone who is sick or needs medication will search on Baidu. However, a recent news disclosure has made people doubt or even worry about artificial intelligence such as "Baidu Brain".
Liu Liu, a writer, found that urine became darker and rushed back to Shanghai from Hongkong to see a doctor. Routine urine examination showed that red blood cells increased, and doctors suggested color Doppler ultrasound examination. Liu Liu started her journey of "seeking medical treatment in Baidu". The search results made her suspect that she might have bladder cancer. Finally, after CT examination, kidney calculi was diagnosed.
Why was "Baidu Brain" misdiagnosed? Facts have proved that even though "Baidu Brain" has a huge database and high comprehensive analysis and prediction ability, its intelligence is still much worse than Eugene's-only equivalent to children aged 2-3. It is obviously a bit irresponsible to hand over the judgment of health and life to Baidu brain. The question is, how many people know that "Baidu Brain" is only 3 years old, but Eugene's intelligence can reach the level of 13 years old, and the differences between them and normal people in thinking and intelligence. When we can't understand this difference, people may really hand over their fate to "Baidu Brain" instead of an ordinary doctor.
Of course, artificial intelligence represented by "Dr. Watson" and "Baidu Brain" does represent the future of artificial intelligence, and they may change human life in the future.
For example, the test of computer doctor Watson in the past proved that it has more accurate ability to diagnose diseases than ordinary doctors, because Watson has big data. Watson stores many encyclopedias, dictionaries, books, news and movie scripts, as well as a large number of medical reference books, clinical diagnosis manuals and medical magazines. Watson can also link with the medical electronic document records that the US federal government requires hospitals to establish and maintain, so as to access medical records and medical records. At the same time, it can also obtain personal consultation and inquiry about its own diseases on Internet platforms such as Weibo, and use this information to help the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. These factors are the advantages of big data.
However, artificial intelligence also has many weaknesses and shortcomings. For example, machines lack the ability of logical reasoning and emotional experience, and it is difficult to understand natural language. How to make robots understand human language, that is, natural language, is the most complex and critical technology. Natural language usually refers to the language that evolves naturally with human culture. For example, English, Chinese and French are all natural languages, while Esperanto is considered as an artificial language because it is a language created by people for a certain purpose. Although Watson defeated human beings, it is difficult for Watson not only to understand natural language, but also to understand the subordination of natural language. For example, one question in the contest is: What are the languages of dialects including Wu, Cantonese and Hakka? The correct answer should be-China people. However, the robot Watson made a mistake and Jennings got it right.
Therefore, how to make "Dr. Watson" and "Baidu Brain" with only 3-year-old IQ complete complex tasks that normal adults can complete, especially the diagnosis and treatment of human diseases, requires the rapid development of artificial intelligence in the future.
(Selected from China Newsweek, with deletion)
1. About "artificial intelligence", one of the following statements is ().
The performance of computer software Eugene in the test can prove that artificial intelligence can basically replace the work of normal adults.
Professor Winston believes that how to make computers do mental work that only people can do in the past is the research content of artificial intelligence.
C. Using robot doctors to see a doctor is the choice of people's life in the future, but it also needs the rapid development of artificial intelligence in the future.
D Watson doesn't understand that Wu, Cantonese and Hakka are dialects other than Mandarin in China, which shows that artificial intelligence still has many shortcomings.
This question examines the ability to understand the meaning of important concepts in the text, and the ability level is B (understanding).
Answer and analytical answer: C analysis: "Using robot doctors to see a doctor may also become the choice of people's life in the future."
Discussion articles often revolve around a new knowledge and theory, so it is logical that important concepts (words) appear in the whole article. After reading the full text, we should accurately grasp the connotation and extension of words (concepts), and compare the alternative words with the relevant sentences of the original text item by item to avoid problems such as stealing concepts, generalizing the whole, and improper scope.
2. Among the following understandings, the one that does not conform to the original intention is ()
A Baidu brain has a huge database and high comprehensive analysis and prediction ability, but its intelligence level is only three years, which is the reason for its misdiagnosis.
B. When people don't realize the difference in thinking and intelligence between Baidu Brain and normal people, they may hand over their fate to Baidu Brain.
C. If we can eliminate the differences in thinking and intelligence between Baidu brain and normal people and make up for its weaknesses and shortcomings, Baidu brain may assume the duties of a doctor in the future.
D Watson beat the human brain in the TV program "Risk", which proved that it has more accurate disease diagnosis ability than doctors.
The question of knowledge points examines the ability to summarize the main points of content and the central meaning. The ability level is C (analysis and synthesis).
D analysis: it's absolutely.
On the basis of reading the full text, contact the basic tendency of the author of the full text and check whether the explanation of the options is consistent with the full text. Concepts cannot be expanded or reduced at will, and causality and contextual relations cannot be reversed. Pay attention to the comparison of limb selection. If there are conflicting options in the options, there must be a mistake.
3. According to the original content, the following understanding and analysis is correct ()
A. By solving the most complex and key technology of how to make robot doctors understand human language, the robot doctors' logical reasoning and emotional experience ability can be improved.
B. Although Watson has defeated human beings, he is not as good as human beings in understanding natural language and its subordinate relationship, because it is a language created by human beings for certain purposes.
C. Watson stores a large number of books, which can be linked with medical electronic documents and records, and helps patients diagnose and treat diseases with the help of personal consultation information on the Internet platform, which is Watson's advantage over ordinary doctors.
D. Artificial intelligence represented by "Dr. Watson" and "Baidu Brain" represents the future of artificial intelligence, and it is the future life of mankind to let artificial intelligence complete the complex work that normal adults can complete.
This question examines the examinee's ability to analyze and summarize the author's views and attitudes in the text, and the ability level is C (analysis and synthesis).
Answers and analytical answers: C analysis: A is too absolute; B the language specially created by people for a certain purpose is artificial language; D "may change the future life of mankind".
Attention should be paid to: ① understanding the content of the article as a whole, accurately grasping the author's views and attitudes, especially the understanding of the central sentence of the selected article; (2) We should bring the information of the topic materials into the selected articles for a comparative understanding to see if there are problems such as stealing concepts, narrowing the scope, confusing the relationship, and improper light and heavy scope.