Ecological ASV is widely used, mainly for the study of microbial populations in different environments such as soil, water and intestines. For example, in the study of soil microbial community, ASV technology can accurately analyze the changes of soil microbial diversity, evaluate the health status of soil ecosystem, and formulate more effective measures for soil protection and restoration. In the study of intestinal flora, ASV technology can deeply study the composition and function of human intestinal microbial community, discover new microbial species, solve human health problems and explore new methods of intestinal health conditioning.
Although ecological ASV technology has many advantages and application prospects, there are still many challenges in its experimental design, data processing and result interpretation. For example, possible errors in sample collection, DNA extraction and PCR amplification will affect the accuracy and representativeness of ASV results; Data processing and interpretation need to combine the knowledge of ecology and computer science to deeply understand the complex structure and function of microbial communities. Therefore, it is necessary to further improve the experimental process of ASV technology, establish a standardized analysis process and strengthen interdisciplinary cooperation in the future to improve its application value and reliability.