Common knowledge of fire alarm and its handling methods 1. Treatment methods in case of fire.
Call 1 19.
1, when a fire breaks out, you should escape quickly and don't be greedy for property.
2, understand the basic methods of fire escape, familiar with several escape routes.
When threatened by fire, put on wet clothes and rush out in the direction of safety exit.
4. When escaping from the thick smoke, try to keep your body close to the ground and cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel.
5, the body is on fire, don't run, you can roll on the spot or use heavy clothes to suppress the flame.
6. Don't take the elevator in case of fire, and escape in the direction of the safety exit.
7, outdoor fire, the door is hot, don't open the door, to use wet bedding and clothing to block the door and window joints, and pour water to cool down.
8. If the escape route is blocked by fire, make a phone call with a flashlight, wave clothes, send a distress signal to the window and wait for rescue.
What should be paid attention to when calling the police:
1. Call 1 19.
Explain the location of the fire, what is the general fire, fire fighting equipment, whether there are people trapped, whether there are chemicals, etc. And my name.
It should be pointed out that:
(1) Remember the fire number.
(2) Calm down, don't worry, try to use Mandarin or something that the operator can understand.
(3) Speak in detail as much as possible.
(4) Keep in touch with the fire brigade as much as possible. The fire brigade will continue to report relevant information to the fire brigade after dispatching vehicles, which is beneficial for the fire truck to know the situation of the fire scene on the way out, and it can be put into battle as soon as it arrives, otherwise the firefighters will continue to observe after arriving.
Second, be alert to the people around you.
This report should pay attention to the following aspects:
(1) There are effective methods such as shouting, internal telephone, knocking at the door and using fire emergency broadcast.
(2) Pay attention to the personnel on the first floor and upstairs of the fire floor, and tell them first, not the leader.
(3) Pay attention to the tone and method when shouting to avoid confusion and crowded trampling.
Fire prevention, installation of leakage fire alarm system, electrical fire monitoring system/. Care for life and prevent fire.
2. Fire emergency measures.
Emergency treatment methods in case of fire
In case of fire, you should keep calm. Any fire has a development process from small to large, which is usually divided into three stages: initial stage, development stage and violent stage.
1. At the beginning of the fire, the flame area is small, the combustion temperature is weak, and it is easy to put out. As long as it is found in time, the fire can be put out immediately with fire extinguishing equipment.
The method comprises the following steps:
1) Don't panic when you find the first fire. Dare to put out the fire in the fastest and most effective way, and call for help from others. Keep yourself safe when fighting. If the smoke is heavy, cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel, aim the fire extinguisher at the root of the flame, and try to keep yourself in the upper hand position.
2) If the fire is caused by electrical appliances, first cut off the power supply to prevent electric shock.
2. In the fire development stage, if the fire is fierce and cannot be put out immediately, you should report the fire situation to the school security department and the public security organ at the same time (fire alarm telephone number 1 19).
1) Be calm when reporting the case, and make clear the location, location (such as a room in a dormitory building of a certain campus of a university), fire situation, fire target, type and scope. Tell the other person your phone number so that you can get in touch. When the other party says "fire is coming", you can hang up the phone and send someone to wait at the school gate and the necessary intersection to guide the fire truck to the scene of the fire quickly.
3. In the fierce stage of the fire, if you are trapped by the fire after the fire, be calm and don't panic. You should choose the best evacuation method to escape and save yourself.
Extended data:
Fire escape method
Be familiar with the environment and memorize the exit.
When you are in a strange environment, for your own safety, you must pay attention to evacuation routes, safety exits and stairs, so as to escape from the scene as soon as possible at a critical time. Please remember: feel at ease, be prepared for danger in times of peace, and reserve a passage for yourself.
The exit of the passage is unobstructed.
Stairs, passages, exits, etc. It is the most important escape route in case of fire. They should be kept clear, and sundries should not be piled up or locked, so as to pass safely and quickly in an emergency. Please remember: if you kill yourself, you will die.
Put out small fires and benefit others.
When a fire breaks out, if it is found that the fire is not big and poses no great threat to human beings, and there are enough fire extinguishing equipment around, such as fire extinguishers and fire hydrants, we should try our best to control and put out the small fire; Don't make a hullabaloo about in panic, run around, and a small fire is left unattended, which will lead to great disaster. Please remember: race against time to put out the "first fire"
Stay calm, get a clear direction and evacuate quickly.
In case of sudden fire, in the face of smoke and fire, we should first force ourselves to remain calm, quickly judge the dangerous place and safe place, decide the escape mode and evacuate the dangerous place as soon as possible.
Don't blindly follow people, crowd each other and rush about. When evacuating, you should pay attention to running to a bright or open place outdoors and try to run below the floor. If the passage has been blocked by fireworks, you should leave with your back to the direction of fireworks and escape to the outside through balconies, transoms, roofs, etc. Please remember: only when people are calm can they come up with a good solution.
Don't take risks, don't be greedy for money.
If you are in danger, you should evacuate as soon as possible. Don't waste your escape time looking for and moving valuables because you are shy or worried about them. People who have fled the danger must not return to the danger zone and be trapped. Please remember: if you stay in the green hills, you are not afraid of running out of firewood.
Simple protection, crawling with your nose covered.
When you escape through a route full of smoke, you should prevent smoke poisoning and suffocation. In order to prevent the smoke from choking in the fire, you can cover your nose with a towel and a mask and climb away. Smoke is lighter than air and floats in the upper part. Evacuation near the ground is the best way to avoid inhaling smoke and filter out toxic gases.
Wear protective equipment such as gas mask, helmet, flame retardant and heat insulation clothing when crossing the fireworks blockade area. If you don't have these protective equipment, you can pour cold water on your head and body or wrap your head and body with wet towels, wet quilts and wet blankets before rushing out. Please remember: it is better to have more protective tools in your hand than to be unarmed.
Baidu encyclopedia-fire channel
3. How to call the police correctly in case of fire?
Don't panic when there is a fire, but keep calm. Remember the fire telephone number 1 19.
Alarm steps:
(1) After the fire alarm telephone is connected, the detailed address of the fire unit, district, county, street, house number or village shall be stated.
(2) Make clear what the fire is and how it is.
(3) To distinguish between a bungalow and a building, it is best to distinguish the location of the fire, the burning substance and the burning situation.
(4) The alarm person shall specify his name, work unit and telephone number.
(5) After the alarm, assign special personnel to the street intersection or village entrance to wait for the arrival of the fire truck, and guide the fire truck to the fire road, so as to reach the fire scene quickly and accurately.
It is the responsibility of every citizen to call the police in time when a fire alarm is found.
Extended data:
According to different types of burns, the following first aid measures can be taken:
1, take effective measures to put out the flames, so that the wounded can leave the injured scene quickly.
When clothes catch fire, various methods should be adopted to put out the fire as soon as possible, such as soaking in water, spraying water, lying down and rolling on the spot, etc. Do not run upright or stand and shout, so as not to promote combustion and cause or aggravate respiratory tract burns. After the fire is put out, the wounded should take off their clothes immediately. If the clothes stick to the skin, you can cut off the non-stick part with the help of ambulance personnel and bandage the wound.
2. Prevent shock and infection.
In order to prevent the wounded from shock and wound infection, the wounded should be given oral painkillers (morphine is forbidden when there is craniocerebral or severe respiratory burn) and sulfonamides, or intramuscular injection of antibiotics, and given oral burn drinks, or drinking light salt water, light salt water, etc. Generally, it is advisable to drink a small amount for many times. If vomiting and bloating occur, stop taking orally. It is forbidden for the wounded to simply drink boiled water or sugar water to avoid complications such as brain edema.
3. Protect the wound.
In the fire, there is generally no need to do special treatment for burn wounds, try not to break blisters, and do not apply colored external drugs such as gentian violet, so as not to affect the judgment of burn depth. In order to prevent the wound from further pollution, to avoid aggravating infection and deepening the wound, the wound should be immediately bandaged with a triangle towel, a big gauze piece, clean clothes, eyes and sheets. And give a simple and reliable dressing. When hands and feet are burned, each finger and toe should be bandaged separately to prevent adhesion.
4. Treatment of compound injury.
Fixed fracture; When there is bleeding, stop bleeding urgently; Patients with brain, chest and abdomen injuries must be treated accordingly and sent to hospital for treatment in time.
5, quickly sent to the hospital for treatment.
After giving simple first aid to the wounded in the fire, they should be sent to a nearby hospital for treatment as soon as possible. Attention should be paid to prevent shock before and during escort. The movement should be gentle and smooth when handling, so as to minimize the pain of the wounded.
References:
Sogou encyclopedia-fire
There are several alarm methods in case of fire.
There are fire alarm methods: 1 19 is a fire alarm telephone, and the fire alarm telephone number "1 19" is a special telephone for fire alarm in some countries. After the alarm, the fire department will send out a fire alarm signal in time to protect people's lives.
1. Call the fire alarm (1 19). The company's fire alarm number generally needs to be added before 1 19. The fire alarm number must be correct.
2. The name and unit of the alarm person. Report clearly the location of the fire and whether the fire truck can pass normally.
3, the cause of the fire, fire items, fire degree.
4. Is anyone trapped? Architectural form, such as architecture, please specify several floors.
5. Make sure that the fire site is equipped with * * * and landmark buildings.
6. After the alarm, send someone to wait for the arrival of the fire truck at the intersection and guide it into the fire scene.
7. Clean the fire escape before the fire truck arrives. If the fire escape may affect the fire fighting, clean the vehicle immediately.
5. How to deal with the fire.
When a fire breaks out, if it is found that the fire is not big and poses no great threat to human beings, and there are enough fire extinguishing equipment around, such as fire extinguishers and fire hydrants, we should try our best to control and put out the small fire; Don't make a hullabaloo about in panic, run around, and a small fire is left unattended, which will lead to great disaster.
In case of sudden fire, in the face of smoke and fire, we should first force ourselves to remain calm, quickly judge the dangerous place and safe place, decide the escape mode and evacuate the dangerous place as soon as possible. Don't blindly follow people, crowd each other and rush about. When evacuating, you should pay attention to running to a bright or open place outdoors and try to run below the floor. If the passage has been blocked by fireworks, you should leave with your back to the direction of fireworks and escape to the outside through balconies, transoms, roofs, etc.
Anyone who finds a fire should call "1 19" for help as soon as possible and report the fire situation to the fire brigade in time. Children, the elderly, the weak, the sick and the disabled in the fire have no or have lost the ability to save themselves. Others present should actively help them get out of danger as soon as possible.
Extended data
1. Use doors and windows to escape. Wrap a quilt, blanket or mattress in water, and tie one end to a door, window, pipe or other solid fixed object with a rope (sheets and curtains can be torn into strips instead), and tie the other end to the ribs and abdomen of the elderly and children, and put it on the ground along the window, so that others can slide down along the rope.
2. Use the balcony to escape. The balconies of adjacent units are connected, which can break the partition and enter another unit to escape. When there are no connected balconies, but the distance between balconies is close, indoor bed boards or door boards can be placed between balconies for bridging.
3. Use space to escape. When the indoor space is large and there are few combustible materials, clean up the indoor combustible materials, clean up the adjacent indoor combustible materials at the same time, and close the doors and windows communicating with the combustion area to prevent smoke and toxic gases from entering and wait for rescue.
4. Use the time difference to escape. When the fire closes the passage, people should evacuate to the room farthest from the fire to gain time, prepare escape equipment and use doors and windows to escape safely.
5. escape by pipe. When there is a downpipe or water supply pipeline on the wall outside the room, people with ability can use the pipeline to escape. This method is generally not suitable for women, the elderly and children.
Baidu encyclopedia-fire
Baidu encyclopedia-fire channel
6. Common sense of dealing with fire emergencies
Call the fire alarm number 1 19 if you find a fire. When calling the police, it is necessary to explain the detailed address, fire location, fire substance, fire size, name and telephone number of the alarm person, and send someone to meet the fire truck at the intersection.
Don't panic in the event of a fire at home. If the fire is not big, use the simple fire extinguishing equipment available at home quickly and take effective measures to control and put out the fire.
If the oil pan is on fire, you can't splash water to put out the fire. You should turn off the gas valve of the stove, directly cover the pot or cover it with a wet rag to put out the fire. You can also put the cut vegetables into the pot to cool and extinguish the fire.
When household appliances catch fire, cut off the power supply first, and then use dry powder or gas fire extinguisher to put out the fire. Don't throw water directly to put out the fire, so as not to get an electric shock or explosion and hurt people.
Don't open the doors and windows rashly when putting out the fire, so as to avoid air convection and accelerate the spread of the fire.
Family members should know the basic methods of fire escape and be familiar with several escape routes.
Never catch fire outside. When the door is hot, open it to prevent fire and rush into the house. Use soaked bedding, clothes, etc. To block the gap between doors and windows and pour water to cool down.
Don't take the elevator in case of fire, but escape in the direction of the safety exit.
When a fire breaks out, you should escape quickly and don't covet property.
When threatened by fire, wear soaked clothes, bedding, etc. Run for the safety exit.
When escaping from the smoke, try to keep your body close to the ground and cover your nose and mouth with a warm towel.
If all escape routes are blocked by fire, you should immediately return to the room and send a distress signal to the window by flashing a flashlight, waving clothes, making a phone call, etc. And wait for rescue.
If you are on fire, don't run. You can roll on the spot and crush the flames with heavy clothes.
Never jump off a building blindly. You can use evacuation stairs, balconies, downpipes, etc. To escape and save yourself. You can also use a rope or tear sheets and quilts into strips to form a rope, which is tightly tied to fixed objects such as window frames, heating pipes and iron railings. Protect your palm with a wet towel, cloth, etc. Slide down the rope and go down to the unlit floor to get out of danger.
7. Fire emergency measures.
1, take it easy.
Don't panic when there is a fire. Slaves should calm themselves down and analyze the present situation in order to make a correct judgment. First, they should look at the size of the fire. If the fire is small, they can try to put out the fire with running water and fire extinguishers. Secondly, if the fire is too big to control, it is necessary to find the escape route in time and call the police in time, so that firefighters can arrive at the first time and have more hope of survival.
2. Use a fire extinguisher. When putting out a fire with precision instruments, it is best to use a nitrogen dioxide fire extinguisher to avoid damaging the instruments, and then open the window for ventilation to avoid inhaling nitrogen dioxide harmful to health.
Foam extinguisher is mainly used for gasoline, kerosene, toluene and solid fire, but it cannot be used for electrical fire. 3. Find an escape route.
When looking for a way out, be calm. You can choose the escape stairs and escape routes first. These escape routes have emergency lights in case of emergency, so you can walk towards a bright place. Don't take the elevator, because the power supply is likely to be interrupted, so you will be trapped inside. If the escape route is blocked, or you can't go, go to the burning place, and you can choose balconies and window sills.
The choice of escape route can be diversified, which must be treated calmly and will be figured out. For example, tie a long rope with a long rope or cloth and slowly descend from the balcony or window sill to a safe place along the rope. It is best to wet the homemade lifeline with water. 4. Put out the fire.
If you are on fire, don't panic, take off your clothes or jump into the water quickly, or roll on the spot, but don't run fast, because the wind will accelerate the spread of the fire. 5, looking for protective tools.
In order to prevent poisoning and suffocation caused by smoke, towels and clothes. You should choose to cover your nose to avoid inhaling smoke. Because smoke generally floats above, you can bend down and crawl close to the ground. When running in a big fire place, you need to find some quilts, blankets and so on. Wet it with water, put it on your body and rush out to reduce the possibility of being burned.
Extended data:
It takes skill to escape and save yourself, time is life, and self-help can survive. According to the characteristics of college fires, this paper provides several escape methods for reference. First, if the clothes on your body cause a fire due to static electricity or careless smoking, you should take them off or tear them off quickly, or roll them up on the spot to suppress the fire, but be careful not to roll them too fast.
Never run in burning clothes. If there is water, it can be quickly doused with water, but when the human body is burned by fire, it must not be doused with water to prevent infection.
Second, such as dormitories, classrooms, laboratories, auditoriums, hotels, restaurants, canteens, baths, supermarkets, etc. In case of fire, you can escape in the following ways. 1. Cover your mouth and nose with a towel and handkerchief. 2. protect yourself. 3. blockade. 4. Take refuge in the bathroom.
8. Correct disposal methods in case of fire.
Correct disposal method in case of fire: (1) Timely and accurate alarm. In case of fire, alarm should be given to the fire brigade and report to the unit leaders and relevant departments at the same time.
Alert people around you: Try to let people around you know where the fire is, what it is, whether to inform people to put out the fire or to tell people to evacuate urgently. Point out the location of the fire point to the firemen; Indicate the evacuation route and direction to those who need to be evacuated.
2. Alarm to the fire brigade: directly call the fire alarm number 1 19. After dialing the phone, you should be calm and explain clearly: where and near the fire unit, what is the fire, the size of the fire, whether anyone is trapped, and whether there are explosive dangerous goods and radioactive substances.
It is also necessary to clarify the name, unit and contact number of the alarm person, pay attention to the inquiry of the fire brigade, and give an accurate and concise answer. Immediately after the alarm, send someone to meet the fire truck at the door or intersection of the unit and lead the fire brigade to the fire scene quickly.
If the fire has been put out before the fire brigade arrives, it should be explained to the fire brigade in time. (2) The development of fighting the initial fire can be divided into five stages: initial fire, development, violence, decline and extinction.
At the beginning of the fire, the burning area is not large, the flame is not high, the radiation heat is not strong, and the fire develops slowly. If found timely and properly, the fire can be put out quickly with less manpower and simple fire extinguishing equipment. This stage is the best time to put out the fire.
While calling the police, we should race against time, seize the time, and strive to eliminate the fire in the early stage. (3) Fire escape and self-help. Most of the casualties in the fire occurred upstairs, or they were difficult to escape, suffocated by smoke, forced to jump off a building, or burned by fire.
So how to save yourself in case of fire? 1. If the stairs are on fire, but the fire is not fierce, you can wrap yourself in a warm quilt and blanket and rush through the fire. 2. If the fire is very strong, look for other ways to escape, such as using the balcony to slide down to the next floor, to the adjacent room, to escape from the roof or to fall to the ground along the water pipe.
3. If there is no way to escape, and all rooms are still some distance away from the fire point, you can retreat indoors, close all doors and windows leading to the fire area, spray water on doors and windows when possible, or block the door with rags to delay the spread of the fire and wait for rescue. 4. Try to send a distress signal by flashing a flashlight or throwing a small soft object to avoid being heard by rescuers when shouting.
If the fire is approaching and there is no other way to escape, don't jump off the building in a hurry. You can tie a rope on the window, or temporarily tear the sheets together and slide down the rope.
9. How to deal with the fire?
If a fire is found, the most important thing is to escape and then call the police, so as to put out the fire in time, control the fire and reduce the losses caused by the fire.
1. The telephone number of the fire alarm is 1 19. This figure should be kept in mind. In any part of the country, the telephone number for reporting fire to the public security fire department is the same.
If you find a fire, you can call the police directly. If you don't have a phone at home, call the police with the phone of your neighbor, telephone booth or nearby unit as soon as possible.
3. When reporting a fire, it is necessary to explain to the fire department the unit or place where the fire broke out, the district (county), street, lane, house number or national address, what was the fire and how it was.
4. After the alarm, it is best to arrange personnel to wait for the fire truck at the nearby intersection to guide the way to the fire.
5. Don't call the fire alarm at will. It is illegal to lie about a fire alarm and disturb public order.
6. In the absence of telephone, you should shout loudly or take other measures to attract the attention of neighbors and pedestrians, and assist in fire fighting or alarm.
If there is a fire, you should call the police in time. For minor fires that suddenly occur, we should also master simple and easy emergency treatment methods.
1. Water is the most commonly used fire extinguishing agent. Fires such as wood, paper and cotton cloth can be put out directly with water.
2. Quickly cover the fire with mud, sand, soaked quilts or blankets, which can effectively put out the fire.
3. Use broom, mop, etc. You can also put out small fires.
4. Oil, alcohol and other fires should not be put out with water, but can be quickly covered with sand or soaked quilts.
5. In case of gas fire, cover the ignition point with a wet towel and quickly cut off the gas source.
6. When the electrical appliance is on fire, don't put it out with water or cover it with damp items. Water is a conductor, so you will get an electric shock. The correct way is to cut off the power supply first and then put out the fire.
7. If conditions permit, you can also learn how to use some simple fire extinguishers.