(1) Eat and drink regularly and on time.
Diet should be moderate, not too hungry and too full, which can make the source of qi and blood insufficient, and too full is easy to hurt the spleen and stomach. Eat regularly and develop good eating habits. Three meals should be regularly and quantitatively, and the principle of "eat well early, eat well in the middle and eat less at night" should be followed. Don't overeat, lest you hurt your spleen and stomach.
(2) Harmony of four qi and five flavors.
Diet should be diversified, reasonably matched and not partial to food. Su Wen-On the Method of Storing Qi says: "Five grains are the supplement, five fruits are the help, five animals are the benefit, five dishes are the filling, smells are the supplement, and thin gas is the supplement." In other words, the human body's nutrition should come from grains, meat, vegetables, fruits and other foods, and the required nutrients should be diversified. Only when the diet is diversified and reasonably matched can we obtain all kinds of nutrients necessary for the human body and maintain the balance of qi, blood and yin and yang. If you are partial to food or neglect your diet, the proportion of nutrients in your body will be unbalanced, which will affect your health and cause diseases.
(3) Diet should be light, not too thick.
The combination of meat and vegetables is an important principle of diet and one of the secrets of longevity and health. Diet should be mainly vegetarian, such as grains, vegetables, fruits and so on. Supplemented with appropriate meat, eggs and fish, do not overeat greasy and thick, because overeating all kinds of food will cause imbalance between yin and yang in the body. So pay attention not to be too heavy in diet, especially to avoid being too salty and sweet.
(4) Hygiene and cleanliness. Good habit.
Unclean diet can lead to gastrointestinal tract or aggravate the original condition. Food should be fresh and clean, and rotten, spoiled and polluted food, sick birds and livestock should be fasted. Food should be moderate in hardness, and it is advisable to chew slowly when eating hot and cold. Don't eat too fast or swallow without chewing. Don't do anything else while eating. Don't lie down immediately after eating. Do some light activities, such as walking, to help the spleen and stomach transport. Don't eat before going to bed at night.
(5) Eating according to syndrome differentiation should be based on different causes.
Dietary nursing should pay attention to the differences of patients' physique, age, syndromes, seasons, climate and regions, and combine man and nature organically to make a comprehensive analysis, so as to ensure that food is given according to syndrome, time, place and person.
Second, the types of diet care
There are many kinds of food, except some dried fruits and vegetables that can be eaten directly, most of them need to be processed and cooked before they can be eaten, thus forming a wide variety of food preparation methods and colorful diet types. In the clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine, "soup" is mainly used in diet care with other types.
(1) Tang Tang
It is made by boiling or stewing water and food together. Appropriate condiments can be added according to the taste and performance of food. When eating, you can eat vegetables besides soup. Soup soup can be divided into soup and soup, thick soup and thin soup. The food used is mainly nourishing meat, eggs, fish, seafood, vegetables and fruits. , mainly tonic.
(2) porridge
Rice, wheat, beans and other grains are cooked by adding other foods alone or at the same time, which belongs to semi-liquid food. Porridge is one of the commonly used diets, especially suitable for people with weak spleen and stomach.
(3) staple food
All kinds of rice, cakes, snacks and other foods made from starch-rich foods such as rice and noodles.
(4) ointment
Tonic food is boiled with water, concentrated overnight to a certain consistency, and then honey, sugar or rock sugar are added to make it semi-solid, which is generally used for nourishing.
(5) powder
Dry or dry dried fruits, grains and other foods, grind them into fine powder, and mix with boiled water or take them with boiled water when using.
(6) Dishes
It refers to all kinds of vegetarian dishes with therapeutic effects. There are many kinds and different production methods, such as boiling, frying, frying, stewing, burning, exploding, stewing, stewing, pickling, cold salad and so on. , according to its different tastes and manufacturing methods, has different functions.