I. Management Measures for Occupational Disease Prevention and Control
The employing unit shall take the following measures to prevent and control occupational diseases in the labor process:
1. Implement organizational system management: (1) Set up or designate occupational health management institutions or organizations, and equip them with full-time or part-time occupational health professionals to be responsible for the prevention and control of occupational diseases in the unit; (2) Formulating occupational disease prevention and control plans and implementation plans; (3) Establish and improve the occupational health management system and operating procedures.
2. Warn the equipment and factors that may cause occupational hazards: (1) If the equipment that may cause occupational hazards is provided to the employer, it shall be provided with Chinese descriptions, and warning signs and Chinese warning descriptions shall be set in the eye-catching position of the equipment. Warning instructions should explain the equipment performance, possible occupational hazards, precautions for safe operation and maintenance, occupational disease protection and emergency treatment measures; (2) To provide the employer with chemicals, radioisotopes and articles containing radioactive substances that may cause occupational hazards, it shall provide Chinese instructions. Product packaging should have eye-catching warning signs and Chinese warning instructions. Places where the above-mentioned articles are stored shall set up dangerous goods signs or radioactive warning signs at specified positions; (3) The Employer shall set up warning signs where the equipment and materials are placed and used.
3. Establish and improve occupational health files and workers' health monitoring files. For workers exposed to occupational hazards, the employing unit shall organize occupational health examinations before, during and after taking up their posts in accordance with the provisions of the administrative department of public health of the State Council, and truthfully inform the workers of the examination results. The expenses for occupational health examination shall be borne by the employer. Occupational health examination shall be undertaken by medical and health institutions approved by the health administrative department of the people's government at or above the provincial level. The occupational health monitoring files established for workers shall be properly kept within the prescribed time limit.
4. Establish and improve the monitoring and evaluation system of occupational hazards in the workplace. The employing unit shall conduct daily monitoring of occupational hazard factors by special personnel, and ensure the normal operation of the monitoring system; Should be in accordance with the provisions of the administrative department of health in the State Council, the workplace occupational hazards detection, evaluation, detection, evaluation results in the employer's occupational health files, regularly report to the local health administrative department and announced to the workers. The employing unit engaged in the operation of using highly toxic substances shall conduct an occupational poisoning hazard factor test in the highly toxic workplace at least once a month; Evaluate the control effect of occupational poisoning hazards at least once every six months. The detection and evaluation of occupational hazard factors shall be carried out by occupational health technical service institutions established according to law and certified by the health administrative department of the people's government at or above the provincial level.
5. Conduct regular occupational health knowledge training. The person in charge of the employing unit shall receive occupational health training, abide by the laws and regulations on occupational disease prevention and control, and organize the occupational disease prevention and control work of the unit according to law; Carry out occupational health training for workers before taking up their posts and regularly during their posts, popularize occupational health knowledge, urge them to abide by the laws, regulations, rules and operating procedures of occupational disease prevention and control, and guide them to correctly use occupational disease protection equipment and personal occupational disease protection articles.
6. Special protection should be given to underage workers and female workers. The employer shall not arrange for underage workers to engage in operations that are exposed to occupational hazards; Female workers during pregnancy and lactation shall not be arranged to engage in operations harmful to themselves, the fetus and the baby.
7. Establish and improve the emergency rescue plan for occupational hazard accidents.
Second, the occupational disease protection measures
1. Strengthen the protection of facilities and equip them with protective equipment. The employer shall give priority to the adoption of new technologies, new processes and new materials that are beneficial to the prevention and treatment of occupational diseases and the protection of workers' health, and gradually replace those that are seriously harmful to occupational diseases; Effective occupational disease prevention facilities must be adopted, and workers should be provided with protective articles for personal use that meet the requirements of occupational disease prevention and control.
2. Announcements and notices. The employing unit that produces occupational hazards shall set up a bulletin board in a prominent position to announce the rules and regulations, operating procedures, emergency rescue measures for occupational hazards and the detection results of occupational hazards in the workplace. For jobs that cause serious occupational hazards, warning signs and Chinese warning instructions shall be set up in eye-catching positions. Warning instructions shall specify the types, consequences, prevention and emergency treatment measures of occupational hazards.
When concluding a labor contract (including an employment contract) with an employee, the employer shall truthfully inform the employee of the occupational hazards and their consequences, occupational disease protection measures and treatment that may occur in the course of work, and specify them in the labor contract, and shall not conceal or deceive them. If the employing unit violates the regulations, the laborer has the right to refuse to engage in the operation with occupational hazards, and the employing unit may not dissolve or terminate the labor contract with the laborer.
Third, emergency measures
For toxic and harmful workplaces where acute occupational injuries may occur, the employing unit shall set up an alarm device, and provide on-site first-aid supplies, washing equipment, emergency evacuation routes and necessary safe-haven areas. For the transportation and storage of radioactive workplaces and radioisotopes, the employing unit must be equipped with protective articles and alarm devices to ensure that workers exposed to radiation wear personal dosimeter.
Transfer of occupational hazards is prohibited. No unit or individual may produce, operate, import or use equipment or materials that may cause occupational hazards that are explicitly prohibited by the state. It is not allowed to transfer operations that cause occupational hazards to units and individuals that do not have occupational disease protection conditions. The employing unit shall be aware of the occupational hazards caused by the technologies, processes and materials used, and shall be responsible for the consequences of occupational hazards caused by the technologies, processes and materials used to conceal their hazards.