What is the esophageal cancer examination? There are more and more people suffering from cancer now, and they are getting younger and younger. In daily life, some people want to know what to check for esophageal cancer. Let's share what to check for esophageal cancer. Let's get to know each other.
What is the detection of esophageal cancer 1
1. Tumor markers: After blood examination, the patient found that the serum positive rate was about 50%, which increased with the further invasion of the lesion and lymph node metastasis, resulting in an increase in tumor volume.
2. Esophageal exfoliation cytological examination: This examination is mainly a net-pulling cytological examination, which requires patients to swallow a balloon with a double-lumen tube and a net. When the balloon passes through the lesion, air is injected into the balloon, and the fine net on its surface is gradually pulled out and rubbed against the lesion until it is away from the front teeth15cm. After removing the mucus from the front end of the balloon, take out the swab on the surface of the balloon and make cytological examination by Pap staining. Therefore, cytological examination has diagnostic value, and this method is simple, which makes patients feel less pain and has a low false positive rate.
3.DNA ploidy: DNA ploidy is closely related to tumor histology, but has nothing to do with clinical staging. In aneuploid patients, higher lymph node metastasis rate and more extraesophageal spread were found. Compared with diploid patients, the tumor recurrence rate is as high as 83% within one year.
4.X-ray examination: Early diagnosis of esophageal cancer generally adopts X-ray examination, which is an important diagnostic means of this disease. X-ray examination method is simple and easy for patients to accept, and it is favored by patients at present.
What is esophageal cancer for? How to prevent esophageal cancer?
1, protect the esophagus
The esophagus is the organ through which all food passes. Food clumps in the esophagus and enters the stomach in order to be digested. Chew slowly. Saliva is secreted by three glands, which can promote digestion and hydrolyze starch or maltose after being fully mixed with food. Dilute and dissolve food to enhance taste; Mucin can lubricate food and facilitate swallowing; Neutralization of toxic substances and disinfection.
Gobbling will damage the esophagus. Don't eat overheated, hard and irritating food. Otherwise, it will damage the mouth, esophagus and gastric mucosa. Irritating foods also include strong tea, strong coffee, spirits and so on. Pay attention to oral hygiene. Any pathological changes in the oral cavity are not conducive to digestion. If there is infection, it will easily spread to the esophagus.
Step 2 refuse cancer-causing food
Nitrosamines are closely related to esophageal cancer, and molds can enhance the carcinogenic effect of nitrosamines. It is necessary to fast overnight vegetables, rotten fruits, moldy grains, salted fish, bacon and pickles in the market, as well as fried, fried and baked foods. Pay attention to drinking water sources, and tap water should also be prevented from pollution, otherwise it will also cause cancer.
No smoking. Smoking causes a wide range of cancers, and the formation of cancer can cause cancers of digestive system, respiratory system and urinary system. No drinking. Drinking a lot for a long time will inevitably avoid eating carcinogens. Some wines contain carcinogens such as nitrosamines and aflatoxin, as well as indirect carcinogens such as aldehydes and alcohols.
3. Reasonable nutrition
Epidemiological investigation confirmed that malnutrition is related to esophageal cancer. Protein deficiency can lead to esophageal mucosal hyperplasia, which is easy to become malignant; Fat deficiency hinders the absorption of essential fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins, affects health and reduces immune function. Eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, the former can't replace the latter, because a lot of vitamins and trace elements are often destroyed in cooking. We should advocate drinking tea. Green tea can prevent cancer and is beneficial to cardiovascular diseases. However, binge drinking is not recommended, and it is best to "taste" and effectively drink a small amount in the body for many times. Do not drink carefully when pregnant, breastfeeding, fever, bleeding or suffering from gastrointestinal diseases.
4. Drug prevention
Patients with esophageal cancer often lack trace elements such as iron, molybdenum, zinc, manganese and selenium and vitamins A, B2 and C; Aspirin can prevent this disease, so it can prevent high-risk groups by supplementing related trace elements, vitamins and drugs under the guidance of doctors.
5. Actively treat esophageal diseases.
Suffering from esophagitis, leukoplakia, polyps, diverticulum, achalasia of cardia, etc. Due to histological changes, functional variation and local stimulation, it is easy to deteriorate and form cancer. We must closely observe, actively treat and take effective measures to prevent it.
Food for preventing esophageal cancer
1, carrot
Traditional Chinese medicine believes that carrots have the effects of invigorating stomach and spleen, promoting fluid production to quench thirst, invigorating qi, invigorating middle energizer, relaxing bowels and resolving food stagnation, and are good vegetables for preventing esophageal cancer. Carrots are rich in vitamin A (carotene), which is a nutrient of "anti-cancer system".
2.cabbage
Sweet and flat in nature, it has the effects of nourishing bone marrow, benefiting joints, strengthening bones and muscles, benefiting viscera, clearing away heat and relieving pain. At present, it is known that indole -3- acetaldehyde and its flavonoids can induce non-hydrocarbon hydroxylase in liver, and its activity is increased by 54 times, which makes the activity of this enzyme in small intestinal mucosa increase by 30 times, indicating that the anticancer power is obviously enhanced.
3. Chinese cabbage
It is also one of the important vegetables to prevent esophageal cancer. Chinese cabbage is sweet and flat, and has the functions of relieving fever, relieving annoyance and benefiting the stomach. It contains a lot of trace element molybdenum, which can block the synthesis of nitrosamines, a carcinogen. Selenium helps to produce glutathione in human body, thus reducing the incidence of cancer.
4, asparagus (Gracilaria lemaneiformis)
This product contains asparagus, asparagine, aspartic acid and many steroids. Biologists believe that the anti-cancer secret of this product is that its tissue protein is rich in asparaginase, which is a substance that "normalizes cell growth" and can effectively control the growth of cancer cells.
5. Little carrots
People often eat it in their daily lives. Has the effects of clearing away heat, promoting diuresis, diminishing inflammation, resolving phlegm and relieving cough. Radish contains indole, an anticancer substance. Experiments show that it can reduce the growth of animal tumors. Old Chinese medicine practitioners especially admire radishes, hoping that everyone will eat more radishes and drink less.
6.eggplant
Sweet and cool in nature, it has the effects of promoting blood circulation and relieving pain, diuresis and detoxification. Animal experiments have proved that this substance can inhibit digestive system cancer and become a common vegetable to prevent esophageal cancer.
7.mushrooms
There are many kinds of mushrooms, including Lentinus edodes, Lentinus edodes, Pleurotus ostreatus and Hericium erinaceus. These vegetables mainly contain polysaccharides. Scientific experiments have proved that polysaccharide can regulate human immune function and "anti-cancer system", thus inhibiting the growth of cancer and alleviating its symptoms.