As long as we try to reduce high and low blood pressure, or fasting and postprandial blood sugar to normal, it means that blood pressure and blood sugar are well controlled. However, there is not only one index of blood lipid. Hyperlipidemia is divided into three situations, and the treatment of each situation is different.
First of all, there are four indicators of blood lipid quality.
Hypertension and blood sugar are definitely not good, but blood lipids cannot be simply understood, because blood lipids also include good blood lipids and bad blood lipids.
Blood lipids are usually divided into four categories: total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides.
1, good blood lipid: Relatively speaking, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol is a good blood lipid, because high-density lipoprotein cholesterol can clean up vascular garbage, delay and control atherosclerosis, thus contributing to the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
2, blood lipids are not good: relatively speaking, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides and so on. It's all bad blood lipids. We usually say that hyperlipidemia mainly refers to the increase of bad blood lipids such as total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride. These bad blood lipids will increase vascular waste, accelerate and aggravate atherosclerosis, thus causing or aggravating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
Second, what should I do if my blood lipids increase or decrease?
We say that high-density lipoprotein is a good blood lipid. Theoretically, it is a good thing to be higher, that is, we should not only worry, but also rest assured that high-density lipoprotein cholesterol can theoretically prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
To some extent, we can improve good blood lipids by lowering bad blood lipids.
Third, the blood lipid is not good-hyperlipidemia is divided into three situations.
1, simple triglyceride increased.
When blood is drawn to detect four blood lipids, it is found that only triglycerides are elevated and the other three are not high, which is called hypertriglyceridemia.
Normal triglycerides have a certain effect on human body, which can provide energy and protect organs. The normal reference value of triglyceride is 0.4565438+0.69 mmol/L. Generally speaking, the appropriate level of triglyceride is below1.70 mmol/L.: 1.70-2.25 mmol/L marginal rise; 2.26 mmol/L increased.
When the triglyceride is higher than 2.26, it is also divided into two situations:
One is that triglycerides have increased, but not higher than 5.6. At this time, it is generally recommended to live a healthy life first. Especially healthy diet, the main reason for a person's triglyceride increase is unhealthy diet. Eating fried food, high-fat food and refined food will all lead to triglyceride increase. Therefore, it is necessary to eat healthily, abstain from alcohol, strictly control fried foods and fatty foods, appropriately reduce flour and rice, increase coarse grains, eat more fruits and vegetables, fish and nuts. This diet is good for controlling triglycerides.
Most of the slightly elevated triglycerides can pass the above healthy diet, and the triglycerides can be normalized after proper exercise, even most of them do not need to take medicine.
In the second case, when the triglyceride is higher than 5.6, it is generally recommended to dispense Bate lipid-lowering drugs, because the increase of triglyceride at this time will not only increase the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, but also increase the risk of acute pancreatitis at this time, especially when the triglyceride is higher than 5.6, and overeating or drinking too much, it is easier to induce acute pancreatitis, so it is necessary to take medicine as soon as possible to reduce blood lipid and avoid acute pancreatitis.
2. Simple total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased.
Of course, the good side of cholesterol can maintain the normal physiological function of cells and participate in the synthesis of hormones; If cholesterol is lower than the normal physiological needs of human body, depression, cerebral hemorrhage, decreased immunity and intellectual development may occur.
Criteria for cholesterol and low density lipoprotein:
Total cholesterol is 2.85.1.7 mmol/L.
Low density lipoprotein cholesterol 3.4mmol/L
The low-density target of high-risk population is 2.6 mmol/L.
The low target of extremely high-risk population is1.8 mmol/L.
Low density lipoprotein is the worst blood lipid, and the reference value is different for different people. The reference standard of healthy people without cardiovascular disease is 3.4 mmol/L; For people with high risk factors such as diabetes, hypertension and carotid plaque, it is 2.6 mmol/L; For people with definite cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, it is1.8 mmol/L.
The increase of cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol is caused by unhealthy diet, accounting for about 20%, as well as genetic and metabolic factors.
Therefore, it is found that this kind of hyperlipidemia can be controlled by a healthy diet and a healthy life, but only a few people can gradually return to normal after a healthy diet and a healthy life. Most people can reduce cholesterol and low density through a healthy lifestyle, but it is difficult to return to normal. If necessary, they have to take statins to lower their blood lipids.
The longer the low density lipoprotein cholesterol rises in the body, the higher the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Therefore, for hypercholesterolemia, it is generally necessary to take lipid-lowering drugs under the guidance of doctors on the basis of healthy living.
3. Triglycerides, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol have all increased.
In addition to the above two kinds of hyperlipidemia, there is another possibility that these bad blood lipids have increased, which is called mixed hyperlipidemia. At this time, we must first live a healthy life. So as to decide whether to use drugs, whether to use fibrates to lower triglycerides, whether to use statins to lower cholesterol, or both.
It is generally not recommended to use the two drugs at the same time, which will increase the side effects of the drugs.
If the triglyceride is higher than 5.6, first use fibrate drugs to reduce triglyceride mainly to avoid increasing the risk of acute pancreatitis; When triglycerides drop to normal, consider using statins.
If the triglyceride is lower than 5.6, you can choose statins, because statins can not only lower cholesterol, but also slightly lower triglycerides, so statins are recommended at this time.
In short, different hyperlipidemia has different treatment methods, but we can find that no matter what kind of hyperlipidemia, we must eat healthily, try to reduce fat, frying and flour and rice, try to increase fruits and vegetables, coarse grains, fish and other foods, and at the same time adhere to appropriate exercise and abstain from alcohol, which is the basis for controlling hyperlipidemia.
On the basis of healthy living, decide whether to take lipid-lowering drugs according to the specific situation!