Chinese name: Qin Guan
Alias: Qin Shaoyou, Qin Taixu, Huaihai laity.
Nationality: China.
Place of birth: Jiangsu, China
Date of birth: 1049
Date of death: 1 100 year.
Occupation: gentle poet, scholar, Dr. imperial academy.
Main achievements: famous graceful and restrained poets in the late Northern Song Dynasty.
Clever writing, exquisite melody, harmonious beauty and charm win.
Representative works: Huaihai Collection; Queqiaoxian
Important event: 1085 Jinshi
Famous sentence: If two kinds of feelings last for a long time, is it a matter of time?
catalogue
outline
The life of the character
Life goes through adolescence.
Sanshiji
Official period
The period of relegation
Overview of strategic art
Close to reality, not empty talk.
A lesson from the past, a lesson from the past, and thorough reasoning.
Good structure and organization
Spread the story and compare it, full of energy.
Qin Guan's marriage
Qin Guan's works
Literary contribution
Scholars' Evaluation of Qin Guan in Past Dynasties
Representative words
Other lyrics
A summary of Qin Guan's poems
Representative poems
Some articles
Qinhuai haici
outline
The life of the character
Life goes through adolescence.
Sanshiji
Official period
The period of relegation
Overview of strategic art
Close to reality, not empty talk.
A lesson from the past, a lesson from the past, and thorough reasoning.
Good structure and organization
Spread the story and compare it, full of energy.
Qin Guan's marriage
Qin Guan's works
Literary contribution
Scholars' Evaluation of Qin Guan in Past Dynasties
Qin Guan's ci is the representative of other words.
Summarize some representative poems and start editing Qinhuai Haici. Introduction to this paragraph.
The word Qin Guan (1049- 1 100) is so empty that it is called Huaihai lay man. The sideways portrait of Qin Guan in Gaoyou, Yangzhou (now gaoyou county, Jiangsu)
[ 1]。 Poets in the Northern Song Dynasty, together with Huang Tingjian, Zhang Lei and Chao Bu, are called "Four Bachelor's Degree in Su Men". Yuanfeng eight years (1085), Jinshi. At the beginning, it was the main book of Dinghai, Professor Cai Zhou. At the beginning of Yuan You, Su Shi recommended him as the secretary of provincial orthography, and he was also the editor of the National History Institute. When Zhezong was in power, the "new party" reduced the state wine tax, moved to Chenzhou, compiled Hengzhou, moved to Leizhou and died in Tengzhou. His prose is good at argument, and The History of Song Dynasty was rated as "literary and thoughtful". His poems are good at lyricism. Taosun Ao's Poetry Review said: "Qin Shaoyou is like a woman swimming in spring, but she is weak in the end." He was a famous graceful poet in the late Northern Song Dynasty. His poems mostly describe the feelings of men and women and express the sadness of career frustration. His words are skillful and meticulous, and his melody is harmonious and beautiful. Representative works include Que Qiao Xian (Bo Yun is clever), Wang Hai Chao (Mei Ying Shu) and Man Ting Fang (Mountain Wipe). In "The Fairy of the Que Bridge", "If love lasts for a long time, it will be there sooner or later!" A famous sentence called "Turning Decadence into Magic" (see Selected Poems of Starting a prairie fire). In Man Ting Fang, "There is a setting sun outside, there are Western jackdaw numbers in the west, and the water flows around the lonely village" is called "naturally eloquent" (Chao Bu's words are quoted from "Notes on Gaizhai"). Zhang Yan's etymology said: "Qin Shaoyou's ci is elegant, energetic, beautiful, full of meaning, chewing without me, and knowing the taste for a long time." For details about his life, see History of the Song Dynasty, Volume 444. And Huaihai Collection.
Edit this character's life.
Qin Guan Song Shenzong Yuanfeng was a scholar in the eighth year (1085). He used to be Dr. imperial academy (lecturer of national university), secretary of provincial orthography and editor of National History Institute. Politically inclined to the old party, when the "new party" was in power, it demoted the state wine tax, moved to Chenzhou, edited Hengzhou, moved to Leizhou and died in Tengzhou. He, together with Huang Tingjian and Chao, is also known as the "Four Bachelor of Su Men", which is quite appreciated by Su Shi. Qin Guan is generous, free and easy, beyond words. He lost his father at the age of fifteen and studied classics, history and art books since childhood. In the eighth year of Zongshen Yuanfeng (1085), he was a scholar, originally designated as the tomb of Qin Guan.
Master Hai, Professor Cai Zhou. At the beginning of Yuan Youchu (1086), Su Shi recommended him as the secretary of Zheng Sheng and concurrently served as the editor of the National History Museum, previewing Zongshen Record. Shao Shengchu (1094) was a member of Yuan You Party. He served as a general judge in Hangzhou and was exiled to Chuzhou, Chenzhou, Hengzhou and Leizhou. After Hui Zong acceded to the throne, Qin Guan was appointed as Fu Xuandelang, and died in Tengzhou on his way back to the North. In the 11th year of Xining (1078), he wrote Ode to Fu Huang, and Su Shi praised him as "a flexible and talented talent in the Song Dynasty". In the seventh year of Yuanfeng (1084), after Qin Guan compiled ten volumes of Poems and Fu, Su Shi recommended it to Wang Anshi, who called it "the achievement of Bao Xie Qing Xin". Qin Guan's literary achievements are remarkable because he has been repeatedly taught by famous teachers and often learned from fellow travelers. He is gifted and brilliant. At the age of 20, I wrote Fu on Fushan Weir. At the age of 24, he wrote "Riding alone to see Ruff", which was highly respected by the world. His prose is good at argument, and The History of Song Dynasty was rated as "literary and thoughtful". His poems are good at lyricism. Taosun Ao's Poetry Review said: "Qin Shaoyou is like a woman swimming in spring, but she is weak in the end." . He was a famous graceful poet in the late Northern Song Dynasty. His poems mostly describe the feelings of men and women and express the sadness of career frustration. He is skillful in writing, harmonious in melody and beautiful in charm. His ci has always enjoyed a high reputation, but his feelings are euphemistic and his words are gloomy. Some works are very weak. Representative works include Que Qiao Xian (Bo Yun is clever), Wang Hai Chao (Mei Ying Shu) and Man Ting Fang (Mountain Wipe). In "The Fairy of the Que Bridge", "If love lasts for a long time, it will be there sooner or later!" A famous sentence called "Turning Decadence into Magic" (see Selected Poems of Starting a prairie fire). In Man Ting Fang, "There is a setting sun outside, there are Western jackdaw numbers in the west, and the water flows around the lonely village" is called "naturally eloquent" (Chao Bu's words are quoted from NengGaizhai Manglu). Zhang Yan's etymology said: "Qin Shaoyou's ci is elegant, energetic, beautiful, full of meaning, chewing without me, and knowing the taste for a long time." . For details of his life, see Volume 4 of History of the Song Dynasty. He is the author of 40 volumes of Huaihai Ji, Huaihai Ci (also known as Huaihai Jushi's Long and Short Sentences), Persuading Good Records and Anti-Travel Ji. He also edited "Yangzhou Poetry" and "Gaoyou Poetry". His Silkworm Book is the earliest extant monograph on sericulture in China. He is also good at calligraphy. Learn from Zhong and Wang in lower case, and be charming, vigorous and lovely. The cursive script has the flavor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. He really learned from Yan Zhenqing. In the fourth year of Jianyan (1 130), Qin Guan was posthumously awarded the "Bachelor of Zhilong Tuge" by the Southern Song Dynasty court. Gaoyou Wenyou Terrace, Qin Guanyue Terrace, Qin Youtie Stone Carvings, Yangzhou Yunshan Map, and the "First Scene of Huaidong" Stone Carvings have been preserved to this day. Later people called it "Huaihai Gong".
Edit this life experience
Juvenile period
From the first year of Emperor Yangdi to the seventh year of Yuanfeng (1049-1084), Qin Guan spent most of his time studying in his hometown of Gaoyou to prepare for the imperial examination, but he also frequently traveled between Wu Chu in the south of the Yangtze River and between mountains and rivers. During this period, Qin Guan mainly visited two places: one was the ninth year of Xining (1076), and Qin Guan and Sun Guan were studying in the library.
The old man and the old man visited Zhang Nan Liyang Huiji Hospital. Bathing in Tangquan, Dongshan, Youlong, and visiting Xiangyu Mausoleum in Wujiang River are sure to win. I got 30 poems on this trip, and I also wrote a poem "Tang Quanfu" to commemorate what I did. Secondly, in the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), Qin Guan went to Yuezhou to visit relatives, which coincided with Su Shi's emigration from Xuzhou to Huzhou, so he took Su Shi's official boat south, passed through Wuxi, visited Huishan, and then visited various temples through Xing Wu and Poxi Kannonji. After the Dragon Boat Festival, I bid farewell to Su Shi and went to Vietnam. In the Mid-Autumn Festival in August, I went to the well with Senator Liaozi and eloquence master Youlong, and later I visited Jianhu Lake and paid homage to Jade Temple with county magistrate Cheng Gongbi, and got along very well. It was not until the end of the year that Qin Guan began to reluctantly return to the north by boat. At this moment, he also wrote the famous "Man Ting Square" to describe this parting, revealing the beauty and reluctance of this wandering year.
Sanshiji
Being an official is the dream of all scholars, and so is Qin Guan who hopes to be promoted through the imperial examination. However, Qin Guan's road to the imperial examination was repeatedly frustrated. In the first year of Yuanfeng (1078), Qin Guan took part in the imperial examination for the first time, but was left behind with great expectation, so he immediately "retreated to Gaoyou, swept away his own house and entertained himself with poetry and books" (. In the fourth year of Yuanfeng (108 1), Qin Guan took the imperial examination again, but he still failed in Sun Shan. The successive failures in the imperial examinations made Qin Guan even more sad and depressed. He recognized the social reality that "customs don't respect Confucianism, and materials think officials are ashamed" (Xie), so he had to change his attitude to study the current articles and offer poems to people at that time, hoping to get a recommendation.
Official period
From the eighth year of God's reign in Yuanfeng to the year of Shengyuan, the philosopher Zong Shao was in office (1085-1094), which was a major political problem in the Northern Song Dynasty and a source of confusion for the imperial court. When Qin Guan became an official, it coincided with the intensification of party struggles in the Northern Song Dynasty. Qin Guan was involuntarily involved in this political whirlpool and could not extricate himself. In the eighth year of Yuanfeng, Qin Guan entered the tomb of Qin Guan.
After Dish, Professor Cai Zhou was awarded a prize before his appointment, except for the main book of Dinghai. Because of its close relationship with Su Shi, it was regarded as the old party, and the persecution of the party never stopped. In the second year of Yuan You, Su Shi, Xian, * * * recommended to North Korea, and then went to Beijing to take the exam, but was falsely accused of not taking the exam on trumped-up charges; In five years, Yuan You advised the doctor Zhu Guangting to impeach him "as a poor disciple, do evil without seeking common cause", instead of calling him Dr. imperial academy; In the past six years, Yuan You stopped changing his mind about Jia Yi's "indiscretion" and was demoted one after another, which dealt a great blow to Qin Guan and made him lose confidence in politics and had the intention of retiring. In the eighth year of Yuan You, Qin Guan awarded Zuo Xuandelang, secretary of the National Academy, provincial orthography and editor-in-chief, and participated in The History of Emperor Zongshen, which was very popular. In a few months, he was promoted many times, which was the most prosperous time of Qin Guan's official career. A few days after he embarked on his official career, the empress dowager Gao died in the ninth year, and the new party members returned to North Korea one after another. The old parties were demoted one by one, and Qin Guan's demotion career began.
The period of relegation
From Shao Shengyuan to Fu Yuan three years (1094- 1 100), Empress Yuan You, who had been in office for nine years, died in high profile and the political situation changed dramatically. When the old Party members were demoted to Beijing, Qin Guan could not get rid of it, and began a hard road of relegation. Qin Guan was first demoted as a judge in Hangzhou, because the suggestion Liu Zheng told him that when he rebuilt The Record of Gods, it was easy for him to usurp power and undermine politics and vilify the former emperor. On his way to Hangzhou, he was demoted to Chuzhou as a wine supervisor. When Qin Guan worked in Chuzhou, he studied Buddhism to solve his worries, often talked with monks about Zen and copied Buddhist scriptures for them. When he recalled the happy meeting that year, his word "Millennium" expressed deep feelings and sadness, which had changed from last year's melancholy to sadness: the water was sand, and the spring city was cold. Liu Ying's flowers, the lightness turns, are heard too fast and too thin. Oh, wandering alone, worrying that the wine is getting thinner, it is rare to get drunk. Missing day after day, body and mind have been burned to ashes. Recalling yesterday's Xichihui, Heron Qi Fei. Hand in hand, who is here today? Ah, the ship goes around the sun and the moon, and the dream is broken, only the bronze mirror, and the rosy face is gone. In spring, there are thousands of fallen flowers, and the ones that should fall fall, leading the melancholy, such as the sea, pushed by the tide. Helpless villain framed Qin Guan for writing Buddhist books and was found guilty. "Biography of Song Shiwen Yuan" says: "The emissary was influenced by the wind and read the instructions. If he made a mistake, if he didn't get anything, he committed a Buddhist book and moved to Chenzhou." Cutting rank means removing all official titles, which is the most serious punishment for literati. When Qin Guan was demoted as a barbarian, he felt sad and desperate. He wrote the word "stepping on the sand". Although he changed the direct expression of "Millennium" to "Bi Xing" and lost the word "worry like the sea", his heart was still difficult to understand. Among them, "the fog lost the tower, the moon lost the maze, and Taoyuan was nowhere to be found", which is the best portrayal of Qin Guan at this time. The first part creates a melancholy realm in late spring. The first three sentences: "The fog lost its tower, the moon lost its place in the maze, and the peach garden lost its place", followed by the words "lost", "lost" and "nothing", revealing the sense of hopelessness in the poet's heart. Su Huang's Selected Poems from Liaoyuan said: "When the moon is lost in fog, it is always lost. Can be said to be popular. As Wang Guowei said, from "sadness" to "sadness", he more sensitively pointed out the decline of his inner feelings and spiritual realm. After Qin arrived in Chenzhou, he was immediately transferred to Hengzhou to engage in editing and management. He was transferred to Leizhou for nine years as an editor and manager. His eyes are getting farther and farther away from the capital, and his hometown is unclear. Qin wrote "Self-written Ci": My hometown is in Wan Li, and my wife is still here, afraid to return. ..... Once a strange disaster happened, it fell down. This word expresses inner bitterness, how can it make people feel sad? In the third year of Fu Yuan (A.D. 1 100), Zhezong collapsed, and Hui Zong acceded to the throne and moved to the post of Empress Dowager. The political situation has changed and many ministers have been transferred in. Qin Guan also ordered Xuande Lang to be reinstated and returned to Hengzhou. When he arrived in Tengzhou, he went to Guanghua Pavilion and asked for water. When the water arrived, he died with a smile, ending his bumpy life. Zhang Wenqian once wrote "Tribute to Qin Shaoyou": "Alas! Officials are just orthography, and they will not be born in the next year. When you are in trouble, you will be scolded. When you were in the sea, your servant was poor. "This is the best portrayal of Qin Guan's life. Every sentence hurts the heart and lungs. The fate of a generation of literati is so bumpy and tortuous. Finally, he died in a foreign land, which made future generations feel infinite.
Edit this paragraph to discuss art.
summary
Qin Shaoyou is an important writer in the literary history of the Northern Song Dynasty. However, for a long time, when people talk about Qin Shaoyou, they always associate him with beautiful words, and seldom mention his poems, let alone his prose. In fact, among all the existing works in Qin Shaoyou, there are only three volumes with more than 65,438+000 words, while there are more than 430 poems in 14 volume and more than 250 articles in 30 volumes. Together, the length of poetry far exceeds that of words. Of course, a writer's achievements cannot be evaluated only by the quantity of his works, but not by the quality. Some writers have only one Qin Guan memorial hall.
Works, but its influence is enormous, but its position in the history of literature is unshakable. However, if we want to evaluate Qin Shaoyou's contribution and position in the history of literature historically and objectively, if we only talk about his words, but not his poems, especially his strategies, it is not only biased, but also unable to evaluate a complete Qin Shaoyou.
Close to reality, not empty talk.
Qin Shaoyou has 50 strategies, including 30 strategies and 20 theories. A careful analysis of the contents of these strategies shows that most of these articles are closely related to the social reality at that time, and there is little empty talk from scholars. On the one hand, this is related to the requirements of the department at that time, on the other hand, it is also related to the encouragement and teaching of his teacher Su Dongpo. Su Dongpo is one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties, and his prose creation achievements are quite high. His encouragement and inspiration certainly came from experience.
A lesson from the past, a lesson from the past, and thorough reasoning.
Strategy theory is a unique style in ancient times, which is equivalent to a modern political theory. It is the minister's opinions and suggestions on state affairs and state affairs. Its reading target is mainly emperors, so the writing style should not be long and general, the length should be short, the arguments should be clear, the arguments should be sufficient and the reasoning should be thorough. We should not only pay attention to one thing, one discussion and a simple explanation, but also pay attention to being well-founded and orderly. Looking at the strategies written by Qin Shaoyou, we can basically meet the above requirements, especially in drawing inferences from others and reasoning thoroughly.
Rigorous structure and good organization
In the fourth year of Xining, Song Shenzong adopted Wang Anshi's suggestion and reformed the imperial examination law, saying that he would "give up the Ming Classics subjects such as poetry and prose, and examine scholars with righteousness." . In order to cope, Qin Shaoyou made great efforts in the writing of strategy theory, and he paid more attention to the writing of strategy theory than poetry. He once said, "What's the use of writing a good article? You just think of cleverness and cleverness as a couple. If it is a text, it must be the same as Japanese. " Because of this, Qin Shaoyou paid great attention to the changes in the layout, structure and composition of his strategy, regardless of their length.
Spread the story and compare it, full of energy.
Most of hundred schools of thought's essays in the pre-Qin period and those of the eight masters in the Tang and Song Dynasties focus on "whole sentences" to lay out the details, which makes people feel powerful and shocked. In the process of reading a lot of classic prose, Qin Shaoyou learned how to use careful comparison in prose. In addition, as a teenager, he also wrote Fu on Fushan Weir, Fu on Huanglou, Fu on Tangquan, and calligraphy works of riding alone to watch Guan.
Fu and Guiyuan Poem, especially Huang Lou Fu, written to commemorate Su Dongpo's success in fighting floods in Xuzhou, are very appreciated by Su Dongpo, who thinks that this poem is "mixed with modern people and has twists and turns". He applied the ingenious arrangement in Fu to the strategy theory, which made the article more energetic. To sum up, Qin Shaoyou's strategic theory is lofty, thorough in reasoning, rigorous in composition, sharp in writing, and has a unique artistic tension, which can be summarized in one sentence: "Learn from the past and prepare for the future. "In fact, Qin Shaoyou's strategy is highly appraised at all times and all over the world. Notes on Being in Zhai written by Wu Zeng in the Song Dynasty: ... As for argumentative essays, today I don't pay much attention to Chao and Zhang He ... "... Su Dongpo's Distinguishing Jia Yi's Miscellaneous Works to Be Punished:" Qin Guan studied literature under the minister since he was a teenager, and his words were brilliant, and his comments have started. I really love him. "The New Theory of Qin Lice by Liang in Qing Dynasty: ... I seldom travel to the Western Han Dynasty, and the strategy is quite bitter and not very subtle. Better than Dongpo, look at the ocean and sigh, and all shall be well. Zhu Dongrun, a famous modern scholar, said, "I especially like reading 30 articles about the strategy of traveling less to see what I have gained, so that I can learn from what I have seen. Those who talk about elections and serving the law are all obtained from further study, not for secular words. "
Edit this marriage of Qin Guan
Qin Guan's wife's name is Xu, not the legendary one. This is his own account in an article written for his father-in-law. His father-in-law is a wealthy businessman named Xu in Gaoyou. Because he had some money, he donated a master book and gave birth to three daughters named Xu, Xu and Xu Wenrou. Qin Guan said at the end of the article "Xu Jun Master Book": "Xu Jun's three daughters sighed: children study, and women must marry scholars. Being a beautiful wife is like a cloud. " About his wife, it's just a name, which is not mentioned in Qin Guan's poem. Xu Meiwen is probably not the woman that Qin Guan loves. According to statistics, about a quarter of the more than 400 poems handed down by Qin Guan are "love poems", and most of the protagonists are prostitutes in brothels. Qian Zhongshu said that Qin Guan's poems were "open affair" in "Preface to Selected Poems of Song Dynasty". "Ru Xi Yu Yin Cong Hua" quoted "Yi Yuan orpiment" to tell an affair of Qin Guan. When Qin Guan was in Shaoxing, he was received by the local magistrate and stayed in a high-class hotel-Queqiaoxian.
One day in Penglai Pavilion, I took a fancy to a geisha on the table, so I appointed a man, Fang Ting, starting with Wei Yun on the Mountain, and then with ecstasy. At this time, the fragrance faded and the ribbon was light. The man won the brothel, but she was lucky to survive. "This word is very popular. Su Shi once called Qin Guan "Wei Yun Qin Xueshi". Jiang Yikui of the Ming Dynasty revealed two other erotic affairs of Qin Guan in Yao Shan Tang Wai Ji. " Qin Shaoyou is in Cai Zhou, a prostitute close to him. ". He wrote a poem "Hidden in the Water Dragon" for his lover, and even took pains to write the name of Lou Dongyu in it. "Building Up to the Sky" and "Farewell to Yu Pei Ding Dong" are riddles. And "heavy doors under flowers, deep alleys beside willows, unbearable to look back." "I am sentimental, but there was a bright moon at that time, and I still took pictures of people." It means the scene of their tryst Qin Guan also has a lover named Tao Xiner. He gave a famous prostitute a song "South Gezi" by Zeng Zeng, and the last sentence "There is a waning moon behind the hook, with three stars" is a charade for Tao Xiner's "heart". Is it a bit "wasteful" to spend all your talents on prostitutes? So that Huang Tingjian couldn't stand it any longer, he wrote a poem to persuade him. One of them was "hard-won, hard-won", which made Qin very unhappy. Traditional poetry appreciation, when analyzing Qin Guan, is always characterized as writing "a geisha's love, and integrating into her own life experience", but this is not suitable for interpreting all Qin Guan's love stories. Take his classic famous sentence "If two love each other for a long time, get along with each other day and night" for example, there is no sense of life experience of being frustrated in official career. On the contrary, if we look at his dissolute emotional experience, we can safely assume that this is just an excuse for Qin Shaoyou to comfort spoony women, or a beautiful excuse to get rid of old relationships.
Edit this piece of Qin Guan's work
Chen Lu's Huai Hai Ji has 40 volumes, Postscript 6 volumes, 17 volumes and long and short sentences 3 volumes. Volume 21 records Huaihai Ci 1. Huai Hai Ji has four series of printed editions and four reserve editions. The South Song Dynasty Changsha engraving "Huaihai Ci" is no longer visible. Now Huaihai Ci has a volume of 1, which is included in Selected Sixty Famous Ci Poems in Song Dynasty. There are three volumes of Huaihai laity's Long and Short Sentences, including Yingming Edition Four Series, Zhu Zumou's Collection of Villages, Beiping Library's Photocopying of Song Edition, Ye Gongchuo's School-based Adaptation to Song Dynasty, and Long Yusheng School's Four Bachelor's Ci.
The literary contribution of editing this paragraph
Huang Tingjian thinks that Qin Guan's poems are only dedicated to nature, not deliberately conceived and painstakingly managed, which is quite similar to Li Bai's poem "Clear water produces hibiscus, natural carving" ("After the chaos, Tian En Liu Yelang recalled the past and gave Jiang a good life"). In fact, it's not that Qin Guan doesn't pay attention to the delicacy of words and sentences, but that he doesn't show too many artificial traces and doesn't show people in a beautiful state. His poems are like words and fine print (Wang Zhifang's poems in Volume 42 of Hu Zai's Prequel to Tiaoxi Fishing Hidden in Conghua), if relevant books are used instead.
The words in Li Qingzhao's "On Ci" are: "Qin attaches great importance to emotion and despises reality". Looking at Huaihai Ci, most of them are works of pure feelings. "Flowers are in bud, so their strength is rare" and "approachable, so those who exert themselves don't come" (Zhou Ji's "Miscellaneous Poems of Jiecunzhai") is a true portrayal of my life experience; These poems have gone beyond the tradition of entertaining people with colorful themes, emphasizing beauty, fragrance and softness, expressing the meaning of self-entertainment and agreeing with the poetic road of "expressing ambition", and all have returned to different degrees. Therefore, Feng Xu's "On Haoan Ci" said: "It is arrogance to swim less with dust talents and win early; And when I went to the south, I lost my soul treasure. Therefore, the words he wrote are rich in life experience, elegant and affectionate, and kill time with wine. And resentment is not chaotic, and love is almost a legacy of "elegance." After the Lord, there is only one person. Yesterday, Zhang also talked about the same fu, saying: "Other people's fu is also endowed with talent;" Evergreen, you are also endowed with a heart. "If you give less, it is also a cloud: what others say is just words; If you swim less, you will swear. Get it from inside, don't pass it on. Although the child is glamorous, if there is the latter, what is the evil? " Another cloud says, "Huaihai and the hills are really sad in ancient times. Its shallow language is full of flavor, and shallow language is all in it. It's really rare to have two poets in Song Poetry. " Perhaps, in this particular sense, it can be said that the mainstream artistic spirit of Qin Guan's ci is consistent with that of Li Bai's poetry, and it is unnecessary to pay too much attention to their significant differences in specific artistic characteristics. It goes without saying that the artistic spirit of Qin Guan's ci is multi-level and diversified. Now it is the mainstream part, but it does not mean that it can be used to monopolize the whole; On the other hand, this artistic spirit has experienced his whole creative life from formation to maturity, with a process of constant change and development, and is always in a dynamic flow form. If the above characters are placed in the broad field of vision of the history of Ci and even literature, their meaning and value orientation may be understood more clearly and comprehensively. In some specific cases, that is, "Huaihai was a scholar in the world, and he was worried all his life" (an inscription on Haikang's poems in the History of Huangtai by Lou Jian), such as recalling the past and moving away, these third words relegated the traditional value of pass the parcel to a very low position, even irrelevant behind the scenes. On the other hand, the classical poetry teaching theory requires him to undertake the emotional function of poetry and become a concrete materialized form of self-subjectivity, so as to meet his realistic spiritual needs of lamenting the tragedy of fate and venting his worries about life. Here, Qin Guan directly integrates all kinds of shortcomings in individual life into his own words, and does not need to rely on the usual thinking mode to stay away from resentment, nor does he need to make excuses for decorative words in order to hide his graceful posture. For the upper end, he usually only talks about metonymy to increase the capacity and flexibility of the text, so that while retaining its mainstream natural charm and rhyme, it can add a gentle and leisurely meaning, which is particularly impressive. Therefore, together with Zhou Bangyan, he has always been known as an "authentic lyricist" (the first volume is Word Meaning (Volume 3)). "On the whole, the words of the Northern Song Dynasty, Zhou and Qin schools, are extremely frustrated and gloomy. But traveling less is particularly deep, and the beauty lies in the scale. The similarities and differences between this week and Qin dynasty are also "("Bai Yu Zhai Hua Ci "Volume I). His artistic spirit influenced many later poets, such as Li Qingzhao, Wang Ji, Zhang Yan and so on. It is all because of his life experience and national luck, and his dedication to Ci is to a greater extent the recognition and return of the poetic road, and even gradually evolved into long and short poems, which complement each other more and more, and he is increasingly committed to "entertaining himself." Although they have their own talents, they are different in style and appearance, and even become relatively independent tribes. But on the whole, it has transformed, updated, or developed and expanded the traditional art schools since Huajian and Nantang, making them full of vitality and not going to a dead end. In the meantime, Qin Guan must be given full attention.
Edit the evaluation of Qin Guan by scholars of past dynasties.
Song Sushi commented on Qin Guan and Liu Yong's couplets: "Shan Mo Wei Yun Qin Xueshi; The willows reflect flowers. " Qin Guan bust
[2] Su Songshi Dongpo loves his tail (Chen Jiangxing goes around Chen Shan, who goes to Xiaoxiang for! ), said: "It is enough to walk a few steps less, although ten thousand people can't redeem it." Song Sushi: "You have the talent of Qu and Song." Wang Anshi in Song Dynasty: "His poems are fresh and charming, and they are full of gratitude." Song Liqing according to "On Ci": "Specializing in emotion, but not in reality, such as the beauty of a poor family, although extremely beautiful and rich, but lacking in wealth." Song San's Hundred Poems: "Euphemism is implicit, graceful and elegant." Chen Tingzhuo's Poems of Baiyuzhai: "I seldom read all kinds of poems by Man Fang Ting, most of which are released for future work." "Qin Shaoyou naturally, nearly open beauty, leading the way. The distant ancestors Wen and Wei have changed their words, taking their gods instead of attacking their appearance. But it does not lose its correctness, so that the discussants will not get sick and change, but turn to those who have to change. ""Without travel, people will have a generous life experience and be carefree. " "Other people's words are just words; If you swim less, you will swear. Get it from the inside and don't pass it on. " Zhang Yan's etymology: "Elegant, long-lasting spirit, meaning constant beauty and beauty, chewing without self, long-lasting taste." Sun Jing's Preface to Zhu Po's Old Man: "Su Dongpo's Ci is better than Ci, Liu Yiqing's affection is better than emotion, and all Ci wins, only Qin Shaoyou." Zhang Lei: "Most of the articles in the world come from the poor, so the next one is the article. I like the poor people's words." Qin Zi's carefree words are almost out of this! "Jin Yuanhao asked about Qin Guan's poems in The Theory of Poetry:" Affectionate peonies contain tears in spring, while weak roses lie in the late branches. When I came out with the stone sentence of retreat, I knew that the canal was a girl's poem. Li's Rain Village: Zhu Ji's first poem is the tallest among the poets in the Song Dynasty. "Liu Xizai's" Art Outline "in the Qing Dynasty:" There is little research on poetry and too much leisure. " (Xiao Yan refers to Yan) In the Qing Dynasty, Zhou Ji quoted the predecessors' comments on Qin Ci in "Miscellaneous Words on Survival Needs", saying: "Doing less is to be approachable, so those who exert themselves are out of reach." Zhou Ji's Selected Poems of Song Sijia: "It is another way to combine the feeling of life experience with lust." "Swimming less is the most harmonious and mellow, without halal and spicy ears. Less travel is implicit, like flowers blooming, so less pens. " Lou Jingsi: "Huaihai Ci has a high style, such as red plum as a flower, which can win with rhyme, but it doesn't smell halal." Feng Xu, a poet in the Qing Dynasty, said: "Its shallow words are all delicious, and its shallow words are all good." "Sikuquanshu Catalogue": "Ci, regardless of rhyme, is better than Su Huang." Commenting on Qin Guan and Zhou Bangyan in the Qing Dynasty, Wang Guowei said: "Although traveling less is rhetoric, there will always be character, and beauty will be beautiful. There must be a difference between a lady and a geisha." Wang Guowei's Poems on Earth in Qing Dynasty: "It's saddest to swim less, and the pavilion is lonely in spring, and the cuckoo becomes sad at sunset." Feng Xu commented on Qin Guan's ci: "Xiao Youzi's ci expresses his life experience, which is elegant and affectionate, and is spent by the wine, and his resentment is not chaotic, which quietly wins the legacy of Xiaoya." After the Lord, there is only one person. "He also said," What others say is just words. Don't swim too much. If you get it inside, you can't pass it on. " -"Hao An Ci" Qin Guan's ci is really a poet's ci. Feng Xu's comments are just right. Wang Shizhen in the Qing Dynasty said: You will be lonely for 500 years without seeing Qin and romantic life.