Chronic diseases mainly refer to a group of diseases represented by cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke, etc.). ), diabetes, malignant tumor, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (chronic bronchitis, emphysema, etc. ), mental disorders and psychosis, with a long course of disease, complicated etiology, serious health damage and great social harm. Deaths caused by chronic diseases have accounted for 85% of the total deaths in China, and the disease burden has accounted for 70% of the total disease burden, which is an important reason for poverty and returning to poverty due to illness. If it is not effectively controlled in time, it will bring serious social and economic problems.
What are the common chronic diseases?
Respiratory system: chronic obstructive emphysema, asthma, chronic pulmonary heart disease, chronic respiratory failure, silicosis and pulmonary fibrosis;
2, circulatory system: chronic heart failure, coronary heart disease, congenital heart disease, hypertension, valvular heart disease, chronic infective endocarditis, myocardial disease, chronic pericarditis;
3. Digestive system: chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, intestinal tuberculosis, chronic enteritis, chronic diarrhea, chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, chronic pancreatitis and chronic cholecystitis;
4, urinary system: chronic nephritis, chronic renal failure, chronic inflammation of the urinary system;
5. Blood system: chronic anemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, chronic lymphoma;
6. Endocrine system: chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism;
7. Metabolism and nutrition: diabetes, malnutrition, gout and osteoporosis;
8. Metabolic diseases: diabetes;
9. Rheumatic diseases: systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic scleroderma, rheumatoid arthritis (severe);
10, nervous system diseases: cerebrovascular disease, multiple sclerosis, tremor paralysis, motor neuron disease, myasthenia gravis;
1 1, mental illness: schizophrenia;
12, others: tuberculosis, femoral head necrosis, chronic osteomyelitis.
Classification of chronic diseases?
1, fatal chronic diseases mainly include various cancers, AIDS, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, bone marrow failure, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and other diseases.
2. Life-threatening chronic diseases mainly include hemophilia, emphysema, hypertension, Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, scleroderma, chronic alcoholism, lupus erythematosus, cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, chronic renal failure, pernicious anemia and aplastic anemia.
3. Non-fatal chronic diseases mainly include gout, Parkinson's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, cholelithiasis, bronchial asthma, peptic ulcer, ulcerative colitis, chronic bronchitis, congenital malformation, hypoxia sequelae, glaucoma, trauma or burn sequelae.
What are the common chronic diseases? This 2 1 chronic disease can be reimbursed by medical insurance.
What diseases does medical insurance for chronic diseases include?
The chronic diseases and diagnostic criteria of medical insurance reimbursement are slightly different due to different local policies, and the final reimbursement scope is subject to local regulations.
1, coronary heart disease
2, sequelae of stroke
3, diabetes (need insulin treatment)
4. Malignant tumor
5. Bladder neoplasms (perfusion therapy)
6. Prostate cancer (endocrine therapy)
7, cor pulmonale
8. Chronic interstitial hepatitis
9. Chronic renal failure
10, severe mental illness
1 1, systemic lupus erythematosus
12, aplastic anemia
13, Parkinson's syndrome
14, chronic hepatitis B.
15, Hepatitis C
16, autoimmune hepatitis
17, rheumatoid
18, femoral head necrosis
19, ankylosing spondylitis
20, epilepsy
2 1, psoriasis (intractable)
Effective methods to prevent chronic diseases
1, a healthy and balanced diet.
When preventing chronic diseases, we should pay attention to a healthy and balanced diet, limit the intake of too much fat, irritation and salt, and eat more fruits and vegetables; Restricting smoking and drinking will significantly increase the incidence of malignant tumors, respiratory diseases, strokes and other diseases, which is tantamount to chronic suicide. Excessive drinking will lead to the risk of chronic diseases such as acute alcoholism, acute and chronic hepatitis and hypertension, so drink moderately.
2, life should be regular, reduce stress and relax yourself.
Work and rest regularly and stay up late less. In addition, the mood is bad, the work pressure is great, the economic pressure is great, and the ideological burden is heavy. It will make the body unable to bear the pressure, and diseases will follow, so we should adjust and relax ourselves in time, such as going to the suburbs, listening to light music, practicing yoga and other relaxation methods that suit us, and adjust our mentality to cope with the occurrence of various diseases.
3. Exercise moderately to improve immunity.
Proper physical exercise can enhance physical fitness and improve self-immunity. Jogging, brisk walking, swimming, cycling, mountain climbing and other forms of sports activities can be done. Generally, each activity takes 30 to 60 minutes, and the intensity varies from person to person.
4, early cancer prevention special inspection.
Chronic diseases have the characteristics of long course, complex etiology, serious health damage and great social harm. There are almost no symptoms in the early stage of chronic diseases, and some patients are difficult to detect in the early stage. Traditional detection is extremely difficult. Once found, most of them are in the middle and late stages, which brings certain difficulties to the early control of chronic diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct regular special examinations for early chronic diseases.