First, the guiding ideology of school education
Whether the guiding ideology of school education is correct or not often determines the school spirit, teachers' teaching and students' learning. At present, many schools still have the guiding ideology of one-sided pursuit of enrollment rate, which has caused great pressure on teachers and primary and secondary school students. Teachers adopt teaching methods, means and measures that violate the principle of students' mental health, such as working overtime and engaging in sea tactics, which makes primary and secondary school students in a state of mental overload for a long time and prone to mental and behavioral problems such as neurasthenia, insomnia, inattention and weariness of learning.
Second, the quality of teachers.
The quality of teachers is a very important influence factor of schools on students' psychological development, because teachers are not only the initiators and organizers of learning activities, but also the mental health care doctors of students. Teachers' qualities, such as teachers' professional ethics, sense of responsibility, emotion, personality and will, have an infectious effect on students. Therefore, to improve students' psychological quality, we must first improve teachers' quality. A good teacher has a strong sense of responsibility for the growth of students. Both class teachers and managers have the responsibility to build and create an environment conducive to students' mental health, pay attention to their words and deeds and bear corresponding responsibilities. Good teachers can use psychological principles to reward and punish students appropriately. Teachers who teach students in accordance with their aptitude can accept students' behavior and respect their personality. Teachers who are willing to help students can also go into the inner world of students and share their emotional experiences.
Third, interpersonal relationship in schools.
Students' interpersonal relationship at school directly affects their mental health. Students' interpersonal relationships at school are mainly teacher-student relationships and peer relationships. A lot of practice and research have proved that primary and secondary school students with good teacher-student relationship and peer relationship are bound to be full of sense of belonging and security, and their psychology will develop healthily; On the contrary, a student who has a tense relationship with the teacher and is denied, rejected, indifferent and treated unequally in the class group will inevitably have hostility, inferiority, anxiety and fear, which will have a negative impact on his mental health.
Fourth, the school environment
School environment can be divided into two categories: material environment and psychological environment, both of which affect the psychological development of primary and secondary school students. From the material environment, every plant and tree on campus should give people a good feeling, so that students can get education and spiritual purification. School psychological environment includes good school spirit, class spirit and campus culture construction. Good school spirit and class spirit inspire people to be positive and make interpersonal relationships harmonious. Such an environment can improve students' mental health.
Social factors affecting mental health:
I. Social environment
The social environment here refers to the cultural background, social ideology and social and political situation of a certain society. Psychologists at home and abroad have conducted extensive and in-depth research on the influence of these social environmental factors on the mental health of primary and secondary school students. A certain social and cultural background, such as customs, morality, etc. Since the birth of children, they have been influenced by an invisible force, and gradually formed their psychological qualities such as ideals, beliefs, world outlook, motives, interests and attitudes. Different cultures have different effects on people's mental health, some are healthy and some are unhealthy. The influence of social ideology on people's mental health is mediated by social information. Healthy social information contributes to the mental health development of primary and secondary school students, while unhealthy social information will cause various hazards.
Second, the social atmosphere
The relationship between social atmosphere and primary and secondary school students is just like the relationship between natural climate and plants. Social atmosphere can affect the mental health of primary and secondary school students through family, peers and media. Bad atmosphere will distort the psychology of some primary and middle school students, and it is difficult to form a correct outlook on life and world. Therefore, in order to ensure the mental health development of primary and middle school students, schools, families and society should resist the influence of bad social atmosphere, purify the environment and establish a healthy and upward social atmosphere.
Third, the learning and living environment
Students in different study and living environments have different mental health conditions. Some studies have found that urban and rural density, environmental pollution, noise and other factors closely related to human survival have obvious effects on people's mental health. For example, primary and middle school students living in cities, because of the unitization of housing, have obviously reduced their contact with their neighbors and partners, which is not conducive to their socialization, making them lack the skills to communicate with others and easy to form a withdrawn character. Another study found that population density is closely related to the increase of juvenile crime rate, and abnormal psychology such as mental illness is also related to population density. The rapid changes in the physical environment and social environment of big cities have led to the generation of excessive information, which has seriously overloaded people's psychology. Crowding makes people more prone to contradictions and quarrels, and primary and secondary school students living in it are also prone to psychological tension and mental health problems.
Fourth, the community environment
Community refers to several groups or social organizations and institutions that gather in a certain area to form a large collective that is interrelated in life, such as streets, residential quarters, villages and towns. The influence of community on the mental health of primary and secondary school students living in it is mainly produced through social media and community environment. Schools and parents should give full play to the psychological counseling role of the community for primary and secondary school students.
In short, for the psychological quality of primary and secondary school students, family factors are the foundation, school education is the key, and social education is the guarantee. To improve the mental health level of primary and secondary school students in an all-round way, three factors need to work together.