How to Promote Students' Psychological Healthy Growth

[2] Primary education is the foundation of national education, and its fundamental task is to improve the national quality and promote the positive development of students' ideological and moral quality, cultural and scientific quality, physical and psychological quality and labor quality. However, for a long time, our education has attached importance to cognition and neglected emotion, which has led to many schools becoming a single place to impart knowledge, leading to the narrowness and closeness of education and affecting the overall improvement of talents' quality, especially the cultivation and development of emotional will and creativity. One-sided pursuit of enrollment rate, emphasizing intellectual education, ignoring moral education and physical education; Pay more attention to in-class teaching than extracurricular education; Emphasis is placed on top students, while underachievers are ignored. The content and way of school life are single. Many students are deeply bored, psychologically panicked and lack self-confidence. They regard the classroom as a prison and study as a chore. However, some teachers ignore students' psychological characteristics and adopt inappropriate methods in educating students, such as corporal punishment and psychological punishment, which damages students' self-esteem and makes many students feel lonely and inferior. Some underachievers are rejected by teachers, lose their ambition and give up on themselves. At present, the mental health of primary school students is worrying. Education is a future-oriented cause, and the stage of talent activities in the 2 1 century will be broader and more active. There, teachers and students are close, edifying and learning from each other, and both teachers and students are in a rich, harmonious, relaxed and broad atmosphere; There, the collision between thoughts is in full swing, mutual acceptance and tolerance between hearts, and free communication become the norm; There, everyone can feel the dignity of freedom and the joy of spiritual growth. In the future society, millions of educators in China will be encouraged to establish a new educational model and do creative work in practice to promote students' personal physical and mental development. [3] First, establish a harmonious learning environment For many years, school education activities have been passive, giving students a sense of distance. The invisible "wall stack" between teachers and students is that teachers and students are often in the state of "I teach you to learn", and the authority and dignity of teachers widen the distance between teachers and students. How can students be interested in the scientific knowledge taught by teachers if they dare not love them? The second is the "gap" between students. Students are indifferent to each other in study and behavior, which becomes an obstacle to forming a warm learning atmosphere. There is also a "gap" between learners and educational content. Concepts, definitions, scenic spots in the motherland, and exotic customs, under the teacher's pure theoretical analysis, students feel strange and out of place. How to make students who have a "sense of distance" from the teaching content get real feelings from it? This will affect the enthusiasm of students to actively participate in education and teaching activities. Educators should create a harmonious environment, shorten the distance between students and teachers, classmates and educational content, and encourage students to actively participate and participate, so as to obtain positive physical and mental development. (1) Love begets love, and teachers and students communicate harmoniously. Students are the most emotional, and teachers are the most authoritative and worthy of love in their hearts. This kind of emotion is nurtured in students' hearts. They always want to show this kind of love, and they always hope that teachers can love themselves. Are there any teachers who love themselves? Students' young minds are very sensitive to the strings that touch the teacher's heart. Gorky said: "Whoever loves children will love her, and only those who love children can teach them well." [4] Therefore, teachers should cherish students' emotions and dedicate their love, so that the relationship between teachers and students will first become a very friendly interpersonal relationship of emotional exchange, so that children will feel a kind of expectation and encouragement from teachers, which will be transformed into internal motivation for learning. [5] A good cycle of mutual respect and learning between teachers and students will gradually form a teaching style of "never tire of teaching" and a study style of "never tire of learning", which will enable teachers and students to communicate with each other, influence each other and complement each other, and become the emotional background for students to love learning and take the initiative to learn. Teachers and students take part in activities together. Teachers and students organize and participate in activities together, so that teachers and students have more exchanges and more opportunities to help each other. In the "disaster relief" donation activity, teachers and classmates put money into the "love box" together; At the festival gala, teachers and students sing games together; In the spring outing, teachers and students make a fire and cook together to find the footprints of spring. The communication of mind and action again and again will make the invisible obstacles between teachers and students disappear unconsciously. The harmonious teacher-student relationship established in the activity will inevitably affect the teaching activities. Inspired by teachers' love, students feel and then act on teachers, forming an interactive process of * * * and development, so that teaching activities can form a psychological world suitable for promoting students' positive physical and mental development in the interpersonal environment of "exchanging love for love". (2) Understanding and compatibility, and the relationship between students and students constitute the environmental factors for students' active development. It is necessary to establish a classmate relationship of unity, friendship, mutual help and mutual learning, so that students can enjoy learning, be good at learning and take the initiative to learn in a harmonious interpersonal situation. Promote students' personality development in cognition and emotion. Teachers should guide students to praise, let students try to find the advantages of other students, let them see the best side of each other and give praise. In the praise of peers, everyone will find themselves in a harmonious and friendly atmosphere, affirm themselves and gain confidence. While praising others, many students are quietly changing their own shortcomings. Teachers should also make use of the advantages of group cooperation to establish a relationship of mutual help and learning between students. The formation of cooperative groups should take into account the differences in gender ratio, interest orientation, performance level, communication ability, discipline and personality characteristics. For the members in the group, each mutual aid group can form a structure of heterogeneous complementarity within the group and comparable homogeneity among the groups, so that students can work together to experience success and get rid of the dilemma that they seem to study together in the group background, but in fact they are isolated and helpless. Second, creating an optimized teaching environment is the basic way for students to actively develop education. Judging from the time and space of students' school activities, classroom teaching accounts for the largest proportion. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the teaching situation, mobilize students' positive emotions, cultivate students' strong interest, and form something positive. Optimizing teaching situation refers to introducing, manufacturing or creating a specific situation or atmosphere suitable for teaching content from the teaching needs, so as to arouse students' emotional experience and make them feel emotion in the situation. If teachers are good at creating situations to attract students and arouse their healthy emotional experience, they can improve students' interest in learning, help students understand the teaching content quickly and accurately, achieve the purpose of active development in situations, and make learning activities a pleasant thing for students to learn actively. [6] (1) Rendering a relaxed and happy situational classroom is the main place for students to engage in learning. If we can create a happy learning atmosphere in teaching and make the classroom truly a learning paradise for children, then they can enjoy the happiness of learning. Only when a person regards learning as happiness can he activate his initiative. If our classroom teaching can arouse students' interest, then they will learn and understand actively, deeply and interestingly, so as to enter the best learning realm of active inquiry. In teaching, modern educational technologies such as video recording, projection and computer software can be used to create various audio-visual environments, and visual teaching AIDS such as pictures and experiments can also be used to stimulate students' enthusiasm and improve classroom effectiveness. When learning the text, reciting with music, telling ancient poems and combining with artistic conception will make students feel that learning is a kind of enjoyment. Get true knowledge in enjoyment and get the pleasure of success. It will also satisfy students' body and mind to the maximum extent, release their emotions to the maximum extent, and have a stronger desire to take the initiative to ask for learning. Under certain conditions, children's competitive psychology and competitive means can also be used to create a happy situation. For example, learn ancient poems and have a memory contest to see who can recite them in the shortest time. Competition makes students forget their difficulties and cultivate their interest in happiness. In teaching, mobilizing all kinds of factors can make students learn knowledge happily and maintain high enthusiasm for learning, which can not only enable students to master knowledge actively, but also continuously experience the pleasure of revealing the mystery of knowledge. (2) Creating a positive problem environment The learning process of students should be a process from finding problems to solving them. Teachers should create a positive problem environment in the classroom, so that students can take the initiative to doubt, question, discuss, analyze and solve doubts. [7] Appropriate problem situations can arouse students' enthusiasm for learning, and arranging teaching activities in practical teaching situations can enable students to actively participate in problem situations and consciously participate in teaching practice activities. Therefore, in teaching, teachers should "squat down and look after the children", try to look at the problem from the children's point of view, approach the childlike innocence, find the breakthrough point of teaching, and give full play to teachers' wisdom on the basis of comprehensive and in-depth study of textbooks. According to students' existing life experience and interests, design interesting situations and provide students with rich background materials. Guide students to study easily and happily in specific situations. To create problem situations, we can start with things, things and examples that students like to see and hear, and use various forms such as guessing, telling stories and playing games to make students ask questions, stimulate their desire to explore, mobilize their initiative in thinking, and make them willing to find, ask and solve problems. When teaching "axisymmetric graphics", we can draw half on a piece of paper and then print it in half, and then we can make beautiful butterfly patterns. Bright colors and exquisite patterns are very attractive to children, and children's attention is highly concentrated, which stimulates their interest in "learning", produces a psychological state of questioning and inquiry, and urges them to participate in learning activities consciously, actively and actively. In addition, teachers should respect students in class, encourage students by smiling, nodding and staring, create a relaxed and harmonious classroom atmosphere, protect students' enthusiasm with sincere feelings, and make the classroom a fertile ground for students' creative thinking and play their main role. (3) Creating interesting operating situations The classroom is a small world and the world is a big classroom. The concept that "teaching materials are students' world" imprisons students' thoughts and fetters their hands and feet. [8] Therefore, efforts should be made to create an operational situation in which "the world is a textbook for students", so that students can use their brains, hands and mouths in classroom learning, and at the same time connect with real life. Teaching activities should be related to students' life and application, and field operations should be carried out when necessary, which is of great significance to cultivate students' interest in learning and practical ability. Students can no longer be tied to "scores" in the classroom, tied to exercise books and blocked in high walls. Let students step into life from childhood and face the society. For example, after studying statistics in the senior grade of primary school, let students act as small statisticians, go to the field to collect data, and then design and make statistical charts themselves. In this way, students not only master the method of making statistical charts, but also effectively cultivate the application ability of reflecting social life with numbers. Due to the limitation of teaching content, sometimes we can't find the operating situations in real life one by one. At this time, simulation operation can be used, that is, creating a situation similar to real life, replacing objects, changing roles, or following suit. This form makes students feel kind and willing to accept, and it is also easy for students to have an epiphany through their own hands and feet. For example, learn "Little Tadpole Looking for Mother", and use the pictures in the article to let students be small commentators to explain the growth process of "Little Tadpole-Frog". This combination of changing scenes and playing roles makes students deeply impressed with what they have learned and greatly improves their enthusiasm and initiative in learning. Good teaching situation can quickly attract students' attention, activate students' thinking state, and make students devote themselves to the activities of exploring knowledge with full enthusiasm. Students observe, imagine and think in situations, which is an autonomous and automatic learning. The emotional teaching situation created by teachers is easy for students to be shaken by emotions and experience it personally. They not only learned knowledge, but also received edification, which improved their interest in learning and achieved the effect of "moistening things quietly", making learning a positive and pleasant activity. Thirdly, expanding the spatial activities of education is an important channel to cultivate students' independent consciousness and ability, so as to obtain active development, which is irreplaceable by any other educational means. [9] From the classroom to the extracurricular, and then to the school, we should give students more activity space, optimize the activity space, and attract children to actively participate and participate. Create activity situations, render a beautiful, intelligent and pleasant atmosphere, make children like campus and love learning, organize various forms of cultural and sports activities, scientific and technological activities and interest group activities on a regular basis, create large-scale theme activities, and strive to make activities occupy a certain position in the school, open more windows for students to know the world and broaden the world for them to display their talents. (A) to carry out small extracurricular activities to improve students' comprehensive quality. Students always develop in their own activities. It can be said that there is no student development without student activities. However, if the content of the activity is monotonous, it will not attract students to participate, let alone form an ideal atmosphere. In order to ensure the smooth development of diversified activities, schools should take grades as activity entities, ensure cultural and sports activities, popularize interest group activities, promote students' physical and mental happiness, and cultivate and develop students' specialties and hobbies. In order to make the activities comprehensive, various activities such as "Story King", "Work Recitation" and "Quiz-Answering" can be included in the "Science and Technology Style" class twice a week. In order to make activities extensive, educational activities can be carried out in combination with festivals and seasons. For example, in June, an "art festival" was set up to let students fully show themselves and enjoy life. Establish a "Harvest Festival" in 1 1 month to cultivate students' love for labor and working people from the display of harvest fruits; /kloc-The "Welcome to the Spring Festival" was set up in October/February, bringing colorful activities to a climax. In addition, all grades can also carry out activities together, such as "labor skills competition" and "I am one year older". The "solve riddles on the lanterns Competition" excited the children. They tie their own lights, concentrate on exhibitions and enjoy them in different classes. What a wonderful situation it is for students! As for "speech contest", "Putonghua contest" and "four-person shuttlecock contest", various small-scale competitions are a continuous source of education. Colorful extracurricular activities effectively expand the educational space, vivid forms, and the participation of teachers and students all affect students' psychological world, so that they can feel the joy and friendship on campus and the upward force of the group. (B) to carry out thematic education activities to strengthen students' independent education. All aspects of school activities affect students' psychological world from different angles. It is necessary to implement large-scale unit education, make full use of "similar blocks" in teaching activities, gather them together, determine the theme, and concentrate them from different sides. Make use of the consistency of the composition of large-scale activities, increase the intensity of education, expand the educational space and strengthen the educational effect from the depth and density of education and teaching activities. Starting from the characteristics of children, create activity situations in the form they like to see and hear. Focusing on traditional moral education and independent education of the spirit of the times, the theme of "three loves" can be determined; We can also cultivate students' sense of responsibility and collective consciousness and carry out the theme education of "little master" in view of the "egoism" defect formed by the pampering of the only child. For example, in order to cultivate students' concept of cherishing time and studying hard, let students collect the contents of "cherishing time and cherishing time" in Chinese textbooks, ideology and morality, and form a large unit activity with the theme of "one inch of time and one inch of gold". Hold a "Time flies" team meeting in the class, so that reading, reading newspapers, singing and doing things are based on the value of time, interacting and complementing each other, and making students realize that time is no longer in textbooks, but in life. Every minute passes by me in a hurry and never stops. Coupled with various small competitions of "Bibi rematch", the whole environment constitutes a race against time, tense and pleasant educational situation. From classroom to extracurricular, from study to life, students feel the pulse of the times and understand that time is life, so we should cherish it. Although there are few large-scale theme activities, they have lasting stability. Under the guidance of the big theme, the class team activities spread the corresponding "small theme", forming a healthy and upward atmosphere and promoting students' active development. (3) Carry out interesting field activities to broaden students' knowledge horizons. Nature is the environment on which human beings live. The unparalleled beauty of nature will arouse students' joy, wonder and thinking, and their knowledge will be revived and leave a vivid impression. Therefore, we should try our best to broaden students' horizons, carry out outdoor activities and broaden the educational space. In rural schools, the first choice should be the typical scenes around the school, from near to far, from a single natural scene to a peasant labor scene with nature as the background. The winding rivers and beautiful fields around the school. Harvest fruit ... A point is a picture scroll, a living space woven with "beauty". Pick wild flowers and catch small fish by the river; Picking leaves in the forest, listening to birds singing, and feelings for nature, labor and working people are cultivated in the process of understanding these concrete and vivid scenes. The annual hiking picnic has become the climax of outdoor activities for students. At that time, it was the spring season, and the warm spring breeze gently brushed my face. The farmers were busy transplanting rice seedlings in the fields, the children cheered and the joyful songs spread all over the path. Weeds on the roadside are so attractive to children. One student after another walks by, with green grass under their feet and white Sophora flowers on their heads. Students can freely release themselves in nature. The green military camp is a place that children yearn for. During the day, the uncle of the People's Liberation Army was armed to the teeth to conduct drills, and at night, he lit a bonfire to listen to the soldiers telling battle stories. Unforgettable military training life, so that a military camp diary was born in the student's diary. Watch the sunset, go hiking and pick, so that children who are in contact with nature can get more vivid and perfect spiritual feelings. Obtaining a large number of perceptual materials enriches children's cognition of the classroom. In short, students have unlimited potential and great plasticity. The optimized educational environment provides them with a broad and most suitable growth environment close to life. In the glittering and translucent Ming Che, quiet and serene educational atmosphere, we can open our claustrophobic thoughts and let go of our imprisoned feelings, so that every student can feel the dignity of independence, the value of unique existence and the happiness of spiritual growth. Urge them to devote themselves to the process of education and teaching with the subjective consciousness of keeping pace with the times, so that their potential can be actively developed.