Chapter one: Overview of social practice report of nursing home.
First, the practical purpose:
Through the visit to the nursing home, we can understand the present situation of convalescence for the elderly and the development of social work for the elderly in China.
The internship unit is Le Yi Nursing Home. The reason for choosing it is that the scale and service quality of this nursing home belong to the middle level, which can better reflect the development of nursing homes in contemporary society.
Second, the practical content.
1. Internship Scheme: This internship is in groups of four to five people, responsible for two elderly people.
Mainly by talking, performing programs and playing games, other groups also take the initiative to help the elderly take care of their lives, such as washing their hair and feeding them.
By establishing a good and harmonious relationship with the elderly, we can understand their daily life and inner thoughts.
In addition, through field observation and communication with the staff of the unit, the actual working conditions, difficulties in work and the overall development of social work of the elderly in nursing homes were investigated.
2. Specific process: We arrived at Le Yi Nursing Home early in the morning. The location of the nursing home is not very good. Located between several tall buildings, it is difficult to get enough sunshine, which is very unfavorable to the health of the elderly, especially in winter, some elderly people who are in poor health are prone to illness.
The scale of nursing homes is not very large. This is a simple two-story building with a narrow yard in front. There are some simple flowers and plants and fitness equipment in the yard.
There are not many old people in it. They may have just got up when we went, and they were all moving in the yard.
The whole nursing home doesn't feel very good to me.
First of all, the old man doesn't seem to show great enthusiasm for our arrival; Secondly.
The attitude of the staff is not very good, and they are not very dedicated to the care of the elderly.
Although it gave me some negative impressions, we still carried out the activities with great enthusiasm.
In the interaction with the elderly, most of them are relatively cooperative performances, playing games and having a harmonious atmosphere. However, due to physical reasons, some elderly people can't hear or speak clearly, which also brings inconvenience to our work.
We have prepared several programs, two songs and two dances for this practical activity, and also arranged a short drama. The old people are very careful in the process of watching.
In the process of playing games, some students who can do manual work also prepared some works as prizes in advance, which also improved the enthusiasm of the old people to participate.
In the conversation with the elderly, we try not to touch their privacy and some sad things, because most of the elderly who come here are unwilling or unwilling to take care of their children and are eager for the warmth of home and the companionship of their relatives.
I think this is irreplaceable no matter how good the living conditions are.
In practice, we found that many staff here did not take care of the elderly wholeheartedly. Old people are poorly dressed, with poor accommodation and long daily necessities. Some staff are still watching TV at leisure and don't communicate with the elderly often, so many elderly people feel lonely, don't like it here, and don't think of it as home.
They feel abandoned and forgotten and have to wait for death, which makes our classmates feel very sad, but there is nothing they can do.
Third, the practice results and analysis
I feel very uneasy after a day's practice. From the eyes of these old people, I read deep despair and loneliness. I think this is partly due to society besides their unfilial children.
Most of the old people here are in poor health, and even some of them can't take care of themselves. They feel that they are no longer needed by children and society, and they are just a burden to die. Therefore, they did not regard the nursing home as their home. For them, it is just a shelter and the only place where a society can accommodate them.
This makes me reflect on how to provide a good environment for the elderly. Just to improve the living conditions of the elderly? I don't think so.
The meaning of living is not only food and clothing, but also spiritual satisfaction. Just like Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, people need physical protection first, which is the most basic requirement for human beings to maintain their own survival.
Then there are security requirements, including: personal safety, health protection, resource ownership, property ownership, moral protection, job security and family security.
Secondly, it is the need of emotion and belonging, which includes affection.
Then there is the need for respect, including: self-esteem, self-confidence, achievement, respect for others and respect by others.
Finally, there is the need for self-realization, which is the highest level of need. It refers to the needs of people who realize their personal ideals and ambitions, give full play to their personal abilities, reach the realm of self-realization, accept themselves and others, enhance their ability to solve problems, improve their consciousness, be good at doing things independently, ask to be alone without being disturbed, and accomplish everything commensurate with their abilities.
Only when the low-level needs are met will there be high-level needs.
Many domestic pension institutions only pay attention to the basic needs and physiological needs of the elderly, ignoring other needs, or simply think that the elderly have no higher-level needs. These are all misunderstandings in our social work for the aged.
At this point, the practice of foreign pension institutions is worth learning.
It is reported in the news that there is a nursing home abroad, which has specially developed a set of courses for the elderly to delay aging and keep young. It gives homework to the elderly every day and encourages them to use their brains.
This is to meet the needs of the elderly for self-realization.
On the other hand, in our nursing home, the most common scene is that old people chat together, except for playing cards and chess occasionally, they just flip through newspapers and magazines without interest, or take a walk alone, or sit in the sun.
There are few collective activities carried out by hospitals.
Without thinking, spiritual emptiness will accelerate people's aging, but many of our nursing homes obviously don't realize this. Their care and consideration for the elderly is reflected in the improvement of material and living conditions, but little attention is paid to the spirit. Old people can only kill time and spend the rest of their lives in nursing homes.
Some old people were quite energetic when they first entered the nursing home. After a few months, they aged a lot, and the speed of aging worried their families.
Only when volunteers organized by some schools come to the nursing home to play games and chat with the old people will they laugh happily.
In fact, the experience of foreign nursing homes has long told us that it sometimes doesn't cost too much to make the old people happy and full.
(A) Thoughts and suggestions on the future pension model in China.
Due to the large population base of the elderly in China and the implementation of the family planning policy, the problem of providing for the aged is more prominent.
At present, China's old-age care model is still dominated by traditional family care, but before the social service system is perfected, this old-age care model has become increasingly difficult to meet the needs of future social development.
However, there are obvious shortcomings in social pension, and it is hard to imagine that the government can spend huge sums of money to establish many pension institutions.
Therefore, our urgent task is to give full play to the strength of all sectors of society, mobilize the enthusiasm of all sectors of society, establish and improve the service system in various ways, and help the elderly to spend their twilight years in their original places of residence through good social services; The second is to build houses suitable for the elderly, or to transform existing houses to meet the needs of the elderly and make it possible for families to provide for the elderly.
After retirement, the elderly still live in the original community, maintaining the continuity of the original social relations; At the same time, health of the elderly, who is in the active and self-care period, is encouraged to give full play to his original expertise, devote himself to community construction and do some work within his power, such as taking charge of community safety inspection and supervision, and participating in kindergartens and nurseries.
In this way, the participation of the elderly in community service institutions can not only contribute to community construction, but also fully affirm their social values through labor, establish a healthy and upward outlook on life, and delay the aging process.
It is not only beneficial to the physical and mental health of the elderly, but also reduces the burden on the government.
(2) About creating a living environment for the elderly
To adopt the mode of providing for the aged by combining community service with family support, we should pay attention to creating a living environment suitable for the elderly and solve the following problems.
1. Housing construction should consider the housing needs of the elderly.
1995, the Ministry of Construction of Japan issued the Design Guide for Residential Buildings Corresponding to a Longevity Society, stipulating that all residential buildings in the future should consider the living needs of the elderly. The foyer, toilet, bathroom and bedroom of the elderly should be located on the same floor as far as possible, and the space such as stairs, toilets and corridors should be provided with handrails. Toilets and bathrooms should ensure the nursing space as much as possible, create an independent living environment for the elderly, and create conditions for family pension.
According to the specific situation of our country, at least the bottom of multi-storey houses should be designed according to the requirements of old-age houses, or create conditions for transforming them into old-age houses, such as reducing the indoor and outdoor height difference, changing the steps into ramps, separating the bathtub from the washbasin, and realizing the separation of dry and wet.
2. Establish and improve the community service system and community cultural facilities.
At present, most residential areas are short of service facilities and social services are basically blank. The only entertainment place for the elderly is the mahjong room with poor conditions.
This situation needs to be changed urgently. It is suggested to build supporting facilities for the elderly in the planning of residential areas, such as building an activity center for the elderly to provide places for leisure, entertainment and communication for the elderly. Build a day care center for the elderly, which can provide catering and other services for the elderly during the day, and the elderly can go home to reunite with their children at night and enjoy family happiness; Establish community medical service institutions to provide health consultation, health care and other services for the elderly, and at the same time absorb healthy elderly people to participate in community services.