The examination of social work practice is different from the other two subjects. The comprehensive ability of social work and the examination of social work laws and policies are objective questions, including single choice and multiple choices, and the questions will not exceed the scope of subject textbooks. Then, the following is the problem-solving guide for the intermediate social work exam "Social Work Practice" that I compiled for you. Welcome to read and browse.
Part I: Comparative reading materials.
The examination of social work practice is different from the other two subjects. Social work comprehensive ability and social work legal policy are objective questions, including single choice and multiple choices, and the questions will not exceed the scope of subject textbooks. The social work practice test is a subjective question, which requires candidates to analyze and design the scheme in combination with the given case. Therefore, the scope of the test sites involved in the topic is not only the book Social Work Practice, but also the contents of two books: Comprehensive Ability of Social Work and Social Work Regulations and Policies. Take the following case study as an example:
Case:
Li Fen is an ordinary rural woman. Her husband doesn't have a regular job, has the habit of drinking, and often abuses Li Fen and even beats him after drinking. Li Fen is the breadwinner of the family and has a daughter. Because Li Fen gave birth to a daughter, her husband and mother-in-law thought it was her fault. Li Fen often complains with his good sisters in the same village, but they all think that we should take care of face. We should not wash our dirty linen in public, and most people choose to swallow it. Li Fen had no choice but to turn to the Women's Federation and the police station for help, but refused their substantial help. For a time, Li Fen almost wanted to commit suicide, because she was so sad. She felt more and more that this was her fate, which was doomed and could not be changed. It was her fault to have a daughter.
Question:
1. According to the hypothesis of authorized social work, how is Li Fen's sense of powerlessness formed?
2. In terms of advantages, what are the main resources of Li Fen?
3. Analyze the brief strategies to solve the Li Fen problem from three levels: individuals, groups and communities.
Note: The contents of this test center include: empowerment theory and social support theory in Chapter 4 of social work theory, case work, group work and community work in Chapters 6, 7 and 8, empowerment theory in the theoretical basis of Social Work Practice Chapter 1, and related contents of women's social work in Chapter 6.
It can be seen that only by mastering the contents of the three textbooks and understanding the logical relationship between knowledge can we answer the questions of social work practice well.
The comprehensive ability of social work is the theoretical basis of social work practice, among which? Value? It is the core and soul of social work; ? Theory? It is divided into three levels: human development theory, social work theory and intervention theory; Three methods, especially the intervention mode, are the guidelines for operation; Social work laws and policies are the policy basis of practice.
And the first chapter of social work practice can be understood as comprehensive ability of social work? Theory? The fourth level, the general mode flow in the second chapter is the concrete steps to help others.
As far as the book Social Work Practice is concerned, the first and second chapters are the program of the book, which must be read and memorized. The following chapters are divided into two angles: the object angle: children, teenagers, the elderly, women, the disabled, the correction object, the special care object and the relief object. We must pay attention to the particularity of different groups, such as protecting children, preventing abuse and neglect of the elderly, and gender equality and empowering women. Domain perspective: schools, families, communities, medical places and enterprises should pay attention to the resources and restrictions in different fields.
The second part: looking for the breakthrough point of case analysis.
Reviewing the examination questions over the years and combining the knowledge points of the teaching materials, the following case analysis questions need special attention:
1. Analyze customers' needs and problems according to cases.
This kind of topic has the highest frequency over the years. When answering such questions, you should pay attention to the following points:
① Make full use of case information.
Be sure to read the cases given in the title carefully before answering the questions. After reading the questions raised, read the case repeatedly, fully summarize the description of the needs of the parties in the case, and sort out the answers.
② Carefully analyze the topic requirements.
Sometimes questions will require candidates to answer according to a certain theoretical framework, which usually includes human behavior and social environment theory, system theory or ecosystem theory and Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory.
If the theory of human behavior and social environment or system theory is needed, candidates can summarize the information given by the case from the perspectives of the physical, psychological and social needs of the clients and the required environmental support.
What should we pay attention to if we are asking for ecosystem theory? Habitat? 、? And then what? Living space? The concept of.
If Maslow's hierarchy of needs is required as the framework, candidates should make a summary from the case description according to Maslow's five levels of human needs.
If there is no specific framework requirement, candidates should pay attention to the specific clients involved in the case.
For example, if it is a child case, we should take the four needs of children's survival, development, protection and socialization as the framework in the chapter of children's social work.
If the clients involved in the case are teenagers, we should pay special attention to teenagers' self-unification needs and nine aspects of their individual development.
If it is an elderly case, should it be placed in the chapter of social work for the elderly? Health maintenance? The eight requirements are the framework.
If customers are women, they should be particularly sensitive to the concept of gender, except? Life safety, reproductive health, rights and interests and development safety? In addition to the three needs, we should pay special attention to women's realistic gender needs and strategic gender needs.
3 attention? Question? Concept.
? Question? The concept of has several meanings here:
First, the problem refers to the psychological or behavioral deviation of the clients, such as theft of teenagers and mental depression of the elderly. These problems can also be seen from the perspective of demand: teenagers need to modify their behavior, and the elderly need psychological treatment.
Second, the problem refers to the obstacles and injuries caused by the environment to meet the needs of the parties: for example, the theft of teenagers is caused by domestic violence, and the depression of the elderly is caused by the abuse of their children.
Third, some chapters in the textbook list the contents of the questions about the service object, while others do not. Pay attention to the content of the textbook when answering. Like the chapter on social work for the elderly? Old age problem? Content, including? Disease and medical problems, family care problems, livable environment problems, intergenerational barriers, social isolation problems?
In addition, we should pay attention to the possibility of changing the questions about the client's needs, such as analyzing which basic rights the client has been deprived of according to the case. Such problems are common for customers such as children, the elderly, women and the disabled.
2. Analyze the customer's social situation according to the given case.
This kind of topic mainly refers to the content predicted in the second section of the second chapter of Social Work Practice, General Process of Social Work Practice. Questions that can be asked include asking candidates to make social history reports for customers, drawing family structure maps and social ecosystem maps, and analyzing social networks. Looking back at the exam questions over the years, I have drawn the exam questions of family structure diagram, but there are no other three methods. In my opinion, there is a problem here.
Therefore, candidates should be familiar with and learn to use the four prediction methods in the textbook. The learning skill is that you can try to make a prediction for yourself in these four ways.
3. According to the given case analysis, evaluate the service scheme of social workers.
This kind of questions should give a complete intervention case and require candidates to evaluate the staff's intervention. This kind of topic is more advanced. To answer this question, we can answer it from the aspects of value concept, theory, implementation procedure, methods and skills used. It is possible that the test questions will have specific guidelines, such as asking candidates to answer questions from the perspectives of values, theories, implementation procedures or methods and skills used.
4. According to the given case analysis, four systems of social work are defined.
The content of the test center of this kind of questions is in the third section of the first chapter of Social Work Practice. There will be specific requirements for the test questions. For example, in the 20 13 exam, there is an exam that lists the action system according to the case. It is very likely that the test questions that list the target system according to the case will appear again. The answers to these questions are clear and easy to identify.
5. According to the given case, identify the resources or positive factors in the service object and environment.
It is very likely that such a problem will arise. Dominant perspective? Theoretical framework requirements. To answer this question, we should first answer the basic point of view from the perspective of superiority, and then summarize the positive factors of the parties and the environment from the given case.
6. Analyze the causes of customer problems according to the given cases.
This kind of problem often has a theoretical perspective, such as in the case analysis of the client Li Fen? According to the hypothesis of authorized social work, how did Li Fen's sense of powerlessness come about? For another example, you can cite a juvenile case in which the client has some deviant behaviors. The question may be: Please use labeling theory to explain the cause of the problem of the client? . To answer such a question, we must first answer the basic viewpoints of the theory, and then analyze it with a case. Therefore, it is very important to be familiar with the theory.
7. Answer the questions according to the given cases. Target? 、? Principles? 、? Features? 、? Method? 、? Skill? Wait for questions.
The answer to this kind of question needs to be contacted? Target? 、? Principles? 、? Features? 、? Method? 、? Skill? Other knowledge points are stated or described on the basis of memory.
8. According to the case, on the basis of clear problems and needs, put forward intervention strategies.
Strictly speaking, this kind of problem is not a case analysis, but a service scheme design problem, but it often appears in the case analysis questions of previous years' exams.
To answer such questions, it is often necessary to clarify the needs and problems of the clients, then put forward the purpose and goal of the service, and finally put forward the intervention strategy. Sometimes the test questions have specific requirements, such as those put forward in the case study of Li Fen? This paper analyzes the brief strategies to solve the Li Fen problem from three levels: individuals, groups and communities. ? Then candidates should answer from three levels: case work, group work and community work.
For example,? Please use gender analysis? Or? Please use the system desensitization method? And so on, then candidates must answer according to specific requirements. If there are no specific requirements for the test questions, then the choice of intervention strategies can be answered from three angles: direct intervention, indirect intervention and comprehensive intervention.
The third part: Pay attention to the vertical fit of scheme design.
Looking back at the exams over the years, the project design questions account for one fifth, but it can't be concluded that there is no possibility of changing the proportion this year. The following points should be paid attention to when answering scheme design questions:
1, key points of solution design
The general process model is suitable for all customers and different working methods, but it is not necessary to answer the scheme design questions completely according to the six steps of the general process. The basic components of scheme design include:
(1) the definition of service object needs and problems. According to the case information given, the customer's needs and problems to be solved are summarized, including customers and environmental systems.
② Service aims and objectives. The purpose of service should be a directional and general description, and the goal of service is to solve specific problems, which need specific and clear requirements to be completed. You can also set different levels of goals, such as process goals and task goals in community work.
③ Intervention strategy. Direct intervention: crisis relief, individual counseling (emotional counseling, cognitive adjustment, behavior correction, etc. ) to the customer and target system (determine the target system, that is, the part that needs to be changed), coordinate the relationship, provide relief, resettlement services, etc. , and establish or refer focus groups for customers; Indirect intervention: environmental improvement, resource connection, etc.
(4) Scheme implementation. This is an action process, which can include: the main role of the staff, the confirmation of the action system, the expected difficulties and solutions, and the supervision mechanism.
⑤ Scheme evaluation. Including what evaluation method to use and how to collect evaluation data.
⑥ Close the chassis. It is mainly aimed at dealing with the negative emotions of customers.
2. The design of this scheme is vertically suitable.
The six parts of the scheme design must be a straight line, which means that the service objectives must be set according to the needs and problems of the clients, and then the intervention strategies should be designed according to the service objectives, and then the strategies should be implemented. Program evaluation should check the service objectives.
Of course, determining the needs and problems of customers is the key. This link requires candidates to carefully read the cases given in the title, and sort out and summarize the needs and problems of the clients.
3. Give consideration to three methods.
The above suggestions are mainly based on the integration of case management and general process model. If the test requires designing a service plan for group work or community work, candidates can refer to the chapters on group work and community work in Comprehensive Ability of Social Work.
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