pollution source
Heavy metal pollution mainly comes from industrial pollution, followed by traffic pollution and domestic garbage pollution. Industrial pollution is mostly discharged into the environment through waste residue, waste water and waste gas, which is enriched in people, animals and plants, thus causing great harm to the environment and human health. The treatment of industrial pollution can reduce its pollution through some technical methods and management measures, and finally achieve national pollutant discharge.
Beware of heavy metal pollution in tea.
Put the standard; Traffic pollution is mainly the emission of automobile exhaust, and the state has formulated a series of management measures, such as: using ethanol gasoline and installing automobile exhaust purifier; Domestic pollution is mainly caused by some domestic garbage, such as waste batteries, broken lamps, unused cosmetics, glazed plates and so on. As long as the heavy metal pollution is controlled from the source, it can be reduced more or less.
Experts pointed out that the backward research and development of technology, equipment and technology of plastic production enterprises in China is the main cause of serious pollution, and poor management, local protection and people's weak awareness of environmental protection have aggravated the pollution, which needs to be strengthened urgently. Production enterprises should look to the future, advocate environmental protection and use environmental additives to make the PVC industry develop healthily and long-term.
The main danger of editing this paragraph
environmental pollution
heavy metal contamination
In terms of environmental pollution, heavy metals refer to mercury, cadmium, lead and "metalloid"-arsenic and other heavy metals with significant biological toxicity. There are five kinds of most toxic to human body: lead, mercury, arsenic and cadmium. These heavy metals can't be decomposed in water, and their toxicity is amplified after drinking, and they combine with other toxins in water to produce more toxic organic substances.
Soil pollution can be repaired by heavy metal-tolerant plants and can be used as non-agricultural farmland such as amusement parks. The United States has such an example. Copper tailings in Tongling, Anhui Province cooperated with Australia.
Phytoremediation has begun to take shape.
Heavy metals generally exist widely in nature in natural concentration, but due to the increasing mining, smelting, processing and commercial manufacturing activities of heavy metals, lead, mercury, cadmium, cobalt and other heavy metals enter the atmosphere, water and soil, causing serious environmental pollution. [ 1]
Human injury
Heavy metals in various chemical states or forms will remain, accumulate and migrate after entering the environment or ecosystem, causing harm. For example, heavy metals discharged with wastewater can accumulate in algae and sediments even if the concentration is very small, and are adsorbed by fish and shellfish, resulting in food chain concentration, thus causing public hazards. For example, Minamata disease in Japan is caused by the transformation of mercury in wastewater discharged from caustic soda manufacturing industry into organic mercury through biological action; Another example is pain, which is caused by cadmium discharged from zinc smelting industry and cadmium electroplating industry. Lead emitted by automobile exhaust enters the environment through atmospheric diffusion and other processes, which leads to a significant increase in the current surface lead concentration, which makes the absorption of lead by modern people increase by about 100 times compared with that of primitive people, which is harmful to human health. Heavy metals do great harm to human body. Common ones are:
Children injured by heavy metal pollution
Mercury: It sinks directly into the liver after ingestion, which is extremely harmful to the brain, nerves and vision. Natural water contains 0.0 1 mg per liter of water, which will cause human poisoning.
Cadmium: causes hypertension and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases; Destroy bones, liver and kidneys, leading to renal failure.
Lead: It is one of the most toxic heavy metal pollution. Once in the human body, it is difficult to eliminate. It can directly harm human brain cells, especially the nervous system of the fetus, and can cause congenital mental retardation.
Cobalt: It can cause radiation damage to the skin.
Vanadium: It hurts the heart and lungs and causes abnormal cholesterol metabolism.
Antimony: With arsenic, silver jewelry will turn brick red and be radioactive to the skin.
Thallium: It can cause polyneuritis.
Manganese: Too much will make people hyperthyroidism. It can also damage vital organs.
Arsenic: As a component of arsenic, it is highly toxic and can lead to rapid death. Long-term exposure to a small amount can lead to chronic poisoning. And carcinogenicity.
Any of these heavy metals can cause headache, dizziness, insomnia, forgetfulness, mental disorders, joint pain, stones and cancer.
In recent years, heavy metal pollution incidents are common, ranging from excessive blood lead of children in Hunan, excessive blood lead of hundreds of children in Fengxiang, Shaanxi, to heavy metal pollution "vegetable basket". Recently, it has been reported that there is heavy metal pollution in drinking fountains, which shows that heavy metal pollution has affected our living environment. Our common plastic doors and windows are also polluted by heavy metal lead. Plastic doors and windows belong to PVC profiles, and the heat stabilizer system of PVC profiles mainly includes lead salt, organotin, calcium and zinc and their composite stabilizers. Lead salt stabilizer has become the most widely used stabilizer in the production of plastic doors and windows in China because of its good stabilizing effect. However, due to the toxicity of lead, although it is not in direct contact with human body, it still poses a threat to the environment and human health. Hard PVC doors and windows in North America are not allowed to use lead stabilizer. Health Canada document 1996-48, the United States Consumer Product Safety Commission document 96- 150 and document 4426 all clearly stipulate this. However, the pollution problem of lead salt stabilizer has not been paid attention to in China at present.
Edit this paragraph's awareness of prevention
Most of the above pollution is caused by man. Only human behavior can change this situation. First, we should pay attention to the harm of heavy metals to human beings and the environment and raise environmental awareness. Only by protecting the living environment can we protect ourselves. From the behavior, we should start from the individual and cooperate with the provisions of national laws and regulations on environmental protection. Enterprises should strengthen management, do a good job in supervision and management mechanism, so that measures can be implemented, not only people-oriented, but also consider the pressure that animals, plants and the environment can bear. Only in this way can human beings have a foothold. In short, as long as environmental protection is the starting point, the problem of heavy metal pollution can be reduced to the lowest point.
Metal elements in water can be divided into three categories according to their effects on human health: one is the essential constant elements for human health.
Paper industry wastewater pollutes river water.
Sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium and other elements and trace elements such as iron, manganese, copper, zinc, nickel, cobalt, selenium, vanadium, molybdenum, silicon, tin, their lack or excess are not conducive to human health. Second, metal elements harmful to human health, such as lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic, chromium, beryllium, thallium and barium. Thirdly, elements that do exist in human body, but their physiological functions are not clear, such as lithium, boron, aluminum, titanium and zirconium.
Edit the preventive methods in this paragraph.
Since heavy metal pollution is so harmful, can we remove heavy metals from vegetables and fruits polluted by heavy metals by soaking, cleaning or cooking more? These effects are not great, because heavy metal pollution comes from the roots of plants, and it exists in plants. Unlike pesticides, most of them are sprayed on the surface of crops and can be removed by washing more.
The more feasible way is to pay attention to buying some vegetable varieties, such as lettuce, which is easy to enrich cadmium and can be eaten as little as possible. In addition, leafy vegetables are the most susceptible to heavy metal pollution among all vegetables, so it is best to eat less.
Planting viola and Pteris vittata can effectively control the problem of heavy metal pollution in soil. At present, the most effective way to control soil problems is phytoremediation. In other words, plants that can strongly absorb heavy metals are planted in some soils with serious heavy metal pollution. Studies have proved that Pteris vittata has a strong super-enrichment effect on arsenic, and the arsenic content in its leaves is as high as 8‰. Pteris vittata can absorb arsenic from soil through roots and then store it in leaves. There is also a restoration expert, Viola. Its main function is to remove lead and cadmium. Moreover, this plant is very dependent on life and can grow in both north and south. If people plant a certain amount of plants such as Pteris vittata or Viola underground, in their own gardens or in the whole community, on the one hand, they can beautify the environment, on the other hand, they can eliminate the hidden dangers of heavy metals in the soil, which can kill two birds with one stone.
For soil pollution, we must implement the environmental protection policy of "prevention first, combining prevention with control". First, control and
Why heavy metal pollution in Shuikoushan, Hengyang has been greatly reduced?
Eliminate pollution sources. At the same time, we can see that soil has a strong purification ability, so we should make full use of this feature when preventing soil pollution.
Control and eliminate soil pollution sources
Controlling and eliminating soil pollution sources is the fundamental measure to prevent pollution. The ability of soil to purify pollutants is equivalent to a certain treatment capacity. Controlling soil pollution sources is to control the quantity and speed of pollutants entering the soil, and it will not cause soil pollution through its natural purification.
1) control and eliminate industrial "three wastes" emissions.
Vigorously promote the closed-loop non-toxic process to reduce or eliminate pollutant emissions. Recycling industrial "three wastes" turns harm into benefit. The discharged "three wastes" should be purified, and the discharge and concentration of pollutants should be strictly controlled to meet the discharge standards.
2) Strengthen the monitoring and management of soil in sewage irrigation area.
In the sewage irrigation area, it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of irrigation sewage quality, understand the composition, content and dynamics of pollutants in the water, and avoid high-residue and non-degradable pollutants entering the soil with the water, resulting in soil pollution.
3) Rational use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides
Prohibit or restrict the use of pesticides with high toxicity and high residue, vigorously develop pesticides with high efficiency, low toxicity and low residue, and develop biological control measures. For example, it is forbidden to use acute and toxic pesticides, although their residues are very low. It is forbidden to use organochlorine pesticides with high residues. According to the characteristics of pesticides and reasonable application, the safe interval of pesticide use is formulated. Comprehensive control measures should not only control the threat of pests and diseases to crops, but also limit the harm of pesticides to the environment and human health to a minimum.
4) increase soil capacity and improve soil purification capacity.
Increasing the content of soil organic matter and mixing sand into improved soil can increase and improve the types and quantity of soil colloids, increase the adsorption capacity and capacity of soil for harmful substances, and thus reduce the activity of pollutants in soil. Discovering, isolating and cultivating new microbial species to enhance biodegradation is an extremely important link to improve soil purification ability.
5) Establish a monitoring system network, regularly check the soil environmental quality in the jurisdiction, establish a system file, and specify the priority soil pollutants and detection standard methods. In this regard, we can refer to the suggestions of relevant international organizations and China's national conditions, set the goal of soil environmental pollution, and investigate, study and implement countermeasures according to priorities.
Measures to prevent and control soil pollution
1) Apply improver.
The main purpose of applying amendments is to accelerate the decomposition of organic matter and fix heavy metals in soil. For example, adding organic matter can accelerate the degradation of pesticides in soil and reduce pesticide residues.
Portable soil heavy metal pollution analyzer, heavy metal monitor
The application of heavy metal absorption inhibitors (modifiers) refers to the application of improvement inhibitors (such as lime, phosphate, calcium silicate, etc.). ) into the soil to react with heavy metal pollutants to generate insoluble compounds, thus reducing the migration ability of heavy metals in soil and soil plants. This method has a temporary inhibitory effect, which will lead to the long-term accumulation of pollutants. When conditions change, heavy metals will be converted into solubility and can only be used in less polluted areas.
2) controlling the redox state of soil
Controlling soil redox conditions is also an important measure to reduce the harm of heavy metal pollution. According to the research, during the period from heading to maturity of rice, a large number of inorganic components were transferred to the ear. Flooding can obviously inhibit the cadmium absorption of rice, while drying can promote the cadmium absorption of rice.
Heavy metal elements can react with hydrogen sulfide in soil to produce sulfide precipitation. Therefore, strengthening water slurry management can effectively reduce the harm of heavy metals. However, the toxicity of arsenic increases with the decrease of soil redox potential.
3) Change the farming system
Changing soil environmental conditions through soil tillage can eliminate the harm of some pollutants. The degradation rate of DDT and bhc in dry land is slow, and the accumulation is obvious after the dry land is replanted into paddy field. The degradation speed of DDT in rice field is accelerated, and it is an effective measure to reduce or eliminate agricultural pollution by using this characteristic to implement paddy-upland rotation.
4) Deep ploughing of soil in different places
The removal of contaminated soil, especially heavy metal pollution, accumulates in the soil and hinders the growth and development of crops. The fundamental way of prevention and control is to thoroughly dig out the polluted soil layer, replace it with new soil dumping and external soil method, and eradicate pollutants. However, if it is regional pollution, it is not realistic to actually adopt the external soil method.
Tilling the soil layer, that is, deep ploughing, turns the upper and lower layers of soil to reduce the pollutant content in the surface soil. This method needs less soil, but it is not suitable for heavily polluted areas.
5) Take agricultural ecological engineering measures.
Cultivate inedible seeds, cash crops or species on contaminated soil, thus reducing the way for pollutants to enter the food chain. Or use some specific animals, plants and microorganisms to quickly absorb or degrade pollutants in the soil, so as to achieve the purpose of purifying the soil.
6) Engineering governance
Using physical (mechanical) and physicochemical principles to treat contaminated soil mainly includes isolation method, cleaning method, heat treatment and electrochemical method, which is the most thorough, stable and thorough measure. But the investment is large, which is suitable for small areas with heavy pollution.
In recent years, other industrial fields, especially sewage and air pollution control technology, have been introduced into the soil treatment process, which has opened up new ways for soil pollution control research, such as magnetic separation technology, anion exchange membrane method, bioreactor and so on. Although most of them are in the experimental exploration stage, on the basis of ensuring the treatment effect, it is of great practical significance to actively absorb and transform new technologies and materials, reduce the treatment cost and improve the engineering practicability.
7) Formulate the allowable pesticide residues.
According to the "maximum allowable daily intake" of pesticides (allowable intake/(kg d), expressed by ADI value) multiplied by the safety factor (generally defined as1100).
Residual tolerance =ADI× body weight (kg)/ food coefficient [kg/ (person. d)]
Edit this pollution example.
Event summary
In 2008, five arsenic pollution incidents occurred in dushan county, Guizhou, Chenxi County, Hunan, Hechi, Guangxi, Yangzonghai, Yunnan and Dashahe, Henan.
In June 2009, an illegal transfer of chromium-containing waste residue caused chromium pollution in Shuangfeng County, Loudi, Hunan Province.
In July, a vicious cadmium pollution incident caused by a chemical plant broke out in Liuyang;
In August, lead emission occurred in Fengxiang County, Shaanxi Province, causing a large number of children's blood lead content to exceed the standard seriously;
More than 200 children in Dongchuan District of Kunming have excessive blood lead;
Lead in Wugang refined manganese processing plant in Hunan exceeded the standard, causing lead poisoning in nearby 1300 children;
In September, lead-containing smoke and waste water discharged during the production of Huaqiang battery in Shanghang, Fujian Province caused more than 100 children's blood lead to exceed the standard;
In June, 5438+10, more than 1,000 children's blood lead levels exceeded the standard due to lead smelting enterprises in Jiyuan, Henan Province.
From June to February, 5438, the arsenic-containing sewage in Linyi, Shandong Province was discharged again, which led to the arsenic exceeding the standard in the whole southern Jiangsu basin and its downstream Pizhou, Jiangsu Province.
44 children in Qingyuan, Guangdong Province were found to have excessive blood lead;
According to the statistics of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, in 2009, the Ministry of Environmental Protection accepted 12 cases of heavy metal and metalloid pollution, resulting in 4035 people's blood lead exceeding the standard, 182.
The cadmium in human body exceeds the standard.
20 10 June, 5/kloc-0 children in Dafeng, Jiangsu Province were found to have excessive blood lead.
In March, the blood lead test results of some villagers in Yujian Town, Longchang County, Sichuan Province were abnormal.
In March, a polluting enterprise in Jiahe, Chenzhou, Hunan Province caused lead poisoning in children.
In June, in Chongyang, Hubei Province, 30 people were recently found to have excessive blood lead, including children 16.
In July, Fujian Zijin Mining leaked acidic wastewater containing copper, which caused a large area of malignant pollution in Tingjiang River.
In July, the blood lead of 39 children in Heqing, Dali, Yunnan exceeded the standard.
In June+February, 5438, the blood lead of more than 0/00 children in Huaining/Kloc, Anhui Province exceeded the standard because of the pollution of nearby power plants.
20 1 1 in March, pollution from local battery enterprises in Deqing county, Zhejiang province caused more than 300 people to have excessive blood lead.
In March this year, more than 65,438,000 villagers in Shangtao Village, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province suffered from excessive blood lead due to waste water and waste gas discharged from storage batteries.
In May, more than 30 people in Zijin County/KLOC-0 in Guangdong Province suffered from excessive blood lead due to pollution from battery enterprises.
Specific event
Liuyang cadmium pollution incident
In March 2004, Changsha Xianghe Chemical Plant was officially put into operation, with Luo Xiangping as the legal representative and Huang Heping as the director. From June 5438 to February 2004, the factory built an indium refining production line without the approval of environmental impact assessment procedure. On March 17, 2005, Liuyang Environmental Protection Bureau found that the lead, cadmium and mercury in the wastewater discharged by the factory seriously exceeded the standard, and immediately
Cadmium pollution incident in Liuyang, Hunan Province
The factory was ordered to stop production. However, in order to seek illegal benefits, the factory built an indium refining production line again in 2006 to illegally refine crude indium. In March 2007, Liuyang Environmental Protection Bureau fined the factory another 200,000 yuan and forced the production line to be dismantled. In this case, because the waste residue of this factory has nowhere to pile up, Luo Xiangping negotiated with Huang Heping and Tang Wenlong, and in April 2008, without the approval of the environmental protection department, added a process to the original production line to purify the cadmium residue in the waste residue and compress it into cadmium cakes. The results of field investigation show that the factory has not set up prevention and control measures such as sewage treatment, waste residue and hazardous waste pollution according to the relevant regulations and requirements of environmental protection, and cadmium pollutants are discharged unorganized, resulting in cadmium exceeding the standard of some people around the factory, and cadmium pollution of soil, crops and livestock within 500 meters. As of July 3rd, 2009, 509 out of 2,888 people were found to have excessive urine cadmium after physical examination by the surrounding people.
Guangdong Beijiang River becomes Hongshui River.
Guangdong Beijiang River becomes Hongshui River.
Shortly after the cadmium pollution incident in Beijiang River in 2005, in order to ensure the water supply safety of Qingyuan, Foshan, Guangzhou and other downstream cities, experts decided that in addition to water diversion and sewage flushing, engineering measures would be implemented, and polyferric or polyaluminum would be added for dilution. Under the dancing water bridge in Shaoguan, the river is rippling, and the water in the middle reaches of graceful aquatic plants dance is strongly acidic. Even if diluted by 10 thousand times, aquatic organisms can hardly survive for 24 hours. The pollution caused by copper industry in Shijiao Town, Qingyuan, leads to the serious exceeding of thallium content in sediments near the river bottom.
In 2008, the test data provided by Lin Chuxia, a professor at South China Agricultural University, showed that even if the Hengshi River was diluted by 6.5438+0 million times, aquatic organisms could not survive in it for more than 24 hours. Because each ton of waste ore contains metal sulfide that can produce 200 kilograms of concentrated sulfuric acid, the acidity of river water can be measured from the source to 50 kilometers away, and it directly invades the downstream Beijiang River.
The farmland around Hangzhou is polluted by heavy metals.
20 10 From April to June, the Zhejiang Provincial Political Consultative Conference organized a research group to collect public opinions and suggestions by convening the heads of relevant provincial units, and went to Hangzhou, Taizhou and some counties (cities, districts) such as Luqiao and Wenling under its jurisdiction to conduct on-the-spot investigations to fully understand the food and drug safety situation.
The survey results show that in the three coastal areas of northern, central and eastern Zhejiang, traditional vegetable bases and some basic farmland in the suburbs have been seriously affected. The discharge of industrial "three wastes" and urban domestic pollutants causes heavy metal pollution in farmland.
The relevant person in charge of the research group said that the heavy metal pollution in these suburban soils was mainly caused by man-made pollution in the past decade, which directly threatened people's lives and health.
"Blood Lead Robbery" in Taizhou
2011In mid-March, in Fengjiang Street, luqiao district, Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province, a "Taizhou Su Qi Battery Co., Ltd." (hereinafter referred to as "Su Qi Battery Company"), which was built in the center of a residential area, was exposed to lead pollution, resulting in the blood lead of local 168 villagers exceeding the standard.
This is the most serious heavy metal pollution incident in Zhejiang in recent years.
At present, three public officials, including the Deputy Director of luqiao district Environmental Protection Bureau, have been suspended for inspection, and the legal representative of the enterprise involved has been criminally detained on suspicion of major environmental accidents. On March 29th, a person in charge of the Propaganda Department of luqiao district said that there were problems in the project, such as lax examination and approval and poor supervision. At present, the government department is investigating the matter in detail, and the relevant responsible person will be dealt with clearly after the matter is clarified.
In fact, many heavy metal pollution incidents in Taizhou in recent years are not unrelated to its scrap metal dismantling industry.
As the largest foreign garbage market in China, Taizhou has dismantled more than 20 billion yuan from these scrap metal wastes. While creating Jinshan Yinshan, the environmental problems caused by it have also intensified. According to the survey report of Zhejiang Geological Survey Institute, the land polluted by heavy metals in Fengjiang area accounts for 1/3 of the land area in the survey area. "The combined pollution of organic pollutants has significantly affected the quality of land and brought about major food safety problems."
Edit this strategic plan
Events such as "arsenic poisoning", "blood lead" and "cadmium rice" occur frequently, and heavy metal pollution has become one of the most concerned public events; The Twelfth Five-Year Plan for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Heavy Metal Pollution, which will be published on 20 1 1, shows that China will focus on the prevention and control of heavy metals such as mercury, chromium, cadmium and lead. According to the planning requirements, by 20 15, the emissions of heavy metal pollutants such as lead, mercury, chromium, cadmium and metalloid arsenic in "key areas" will be reduced by15% compared with 2007; The emission of key heavy metal pollutants in "non-key areas" shall not exceed the 2007 level.
The so-called "key areas" include Inner Mongolia, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Gansu and Qinghai 14 key provinces and 138 key protected areas.
According to Wu Shunze, vice president of the Environmental Planning Institute of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, heavy metal pollutants are different from major pollutants with universality such as sulfur dioxide. "Even if there are 14 key provinces and regions, not every place has problems; The "Planning" is even refined to the level of industrial parks, such as an industrial park in a township industrial cluster. "
The "Planning" is a "hard target" for the emission control of key monitoring pollutants, and its requirements are extremely strict. In principle, heavy metal-related enterprises will no longer be established in key areas. For example, in areas where mercury pollution is mainly prevented, in principle, no new mercury-related enterprises will be established, and new mercury emissions are prohibited while reducing emissions.
"Through measures such as enterprise clean technology transformation, strengthening enterprise emission monitoring, and taking economic and administrative measures when necessary," Wu Shunze told Caijing National Weekly. Although the plan requires both prevention and control and governance, the focus of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan is not to rectify and repair the problems left over from history; Instead, efforts should be made to solve the pollution problem of heavy metal-related enterprises, control "many, small, scattered and chaotic" enterprises, and stabilize the emission level of enterprises.
Shortly after the promulgation of "Planning", a "carpet" survey swept the country since February. The "first move" for the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution in the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" falls on the rectification and shutdown of heavy metal-related enterprises. Lead-acid battery industry was criticized for frequent "blood lead" accidents, and was the first to be laid off. [2]
On 2011April 18, Minister of Environmental Protection Zhou Shengxian emphasized that the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution should be regarded as a major environmental protection event at present and in the future. Resolutely fight the tough battle and protracted war against heavy metal pollution. [3]
Edit this paragraph to implement the plan.
First, we must strengthen leadership and implement responsibilities. The governments of all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) are the main implementers of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Heavy Metal Pollution (hereinafter referred to as the Plan). It is necessary to strengthen organizational leadership and incorporate the objectives, tasks and projects determined in the plan into the local economic and social development plan. According to the principle of "one area, one policy", the prevention and control plan and annual implementation plan of heavy metal pollution in key areas shall be compiled, and the prevention measures and funds shall be implemented.
Second, we must formulate measures and strictly assess. The Ministry of Environmental Protection will establish a departmental linkage mechanism with relevant departments, study and formulate assessment methods for the implementation of the plan, clarify the responsibilities of local governments and relevant departments, and promote the implementation of the plan as a whole. In areas where the implementation of the plan does not meet the requirements, the responsibility of the relevant personnel should be seriously investigated. All localities should incorporate the effectiveness of prevention and control of heavy metal pollution into the comprehensive evaluation system of economic and social development as an important part of the comprehensive evaluation of government leading cadres and the performance evaluation of business leaders.
Third, focus on the key points, hell to pay. The prevention and control of heavy metal pollution should be the focus of this year's nine departments' special environmental protection actions. All localities should strengthen the serious investigation of environmental safety hazards of heavy metal polluting enterprises, especially lead-acid batteries, lead smelting and other enterprises with backward technology and serious pollution, find one, solve one and warn one, and resolutely put the pollution hazards in the bud. Enterprises that have not conducted environmental assessment and "three simultaneities" acceptance will stop production and rectify, enterprises located in drinking water sources will stop production and close down, enterprises with abnormal operation of pollution control facilities and long-term excessive discharge will stop production and rectify, enterprises with major environmental safety hazards will stop production and rectify, enterprises with inadequate rectification will be resolutely closed down, and environmental protection departments at all levels will not issue documents agreeing to pass listing verification for enterprises with poor environmental records within two years.
Fourth, we must guard against the source and strictly control the entrance. Scientifically adjust the environmental safety protection distance of heavy metal enterprises, and prohibit the construction of new related projects in important ecological function areas and areas where the environmental quality cannot reach the standard stably due to heavy metal pollution. Organize the environmental impact assessment of the development planning and special planning of heavy metal industry in key areas, improve the legal and regulatory system, and take it as the premise of accepting the environmental impact assessment documents of construction projects related to heavy metal industry in the approval area. In the future, if the task of eliminating backward production capacity is not completed and major pollution causes mass incidents, the approval of new projects focusing on pollutant discharge prevention and control will be suspended.
Fifth, we must properly handle it and maintain stability. Environmental protection departments at all levels should effectively strengthen the information reporting of heavy metal pollution incidents. Once problems occur, they should be reported in time and properly handled, and local governments should be assisted in information disclosure, mass appeasement and publicity and education, so as to earnestly safeguard the environmental rights and interests of the masses and maintain social harmony and stability.