Competitive pressure, mental health of middle school students
Classification number of China Library: G63 1 Document ID: A document number:1002-7661(201)10-0033-03.
Science and technology are the primary productive forces. As the basic national policy of our country, rejuvenating the country through science and education trains a large number of scientific and technological talents for our country every year, which supports the stable and rapid development of our economy. For a long time, high school students' education has been the focus of educators' training in various countries. They are the new force in the future of the country and the masters of the times. It is the unshirkable responsibility of every educator to train qualified and excellent middle school graduates. However, over the years, the focus of attention on the growth of middle school students has mostly focused on children's diet, health, academic performance, employment and other aspects, ignoring the mental health education closely related to the development of each middle school student. Facing the increasing number of middle school students, the mental health education of middle school students should be paid enough attention.
First, the main psychological problems of middle school students
1. Learning brings great psychological pressure and poor tolerance for setbacks.
At present, most senior high school students have not fully established or correctly established their own life values, which are limited to short-term goals, and even tend to lock the ultimate goal of life in college, thinking that going to college will give them an iron rice bowl, which will inevitably increase mental stress. In the high school where the master is like a forest, the learning competition is extremely fierce. Students are very nervous after an exam, always worried that they will fail in the exam and lose the election. Top？ Status, scolded by teachers' parents, and students' cold eyes lead to high anxiety. Once they really fail in the exam, they are immediately discouraged and very depressed, which is more prominent in senior three. The main manifestations are anxiety, depression, inattention, sensitivity to the words and deeds of teachers and classmates, insomnia, neurasthenia and other symptoms.
2. Inconsistent interpersonal relationships
Most of the only children in high school students are self-centered and have weak interpersonal skills. They are not good at dealing with classmates, teachers and parents, which leads to uncoordinated interpersonal relationships. Especially in the sprint stage of senior high school students' review, that is, the two-point and one-line learning stage between home and school, the communication between students tends to fade, and in the case of full competition, students are deadlocked because of jealousy.
3. The problem of puppy love
High school students' own physiological development is becoming more and more mature, and their desire for the opposite sex is also constantly strengthening. Lead to puppy love problems? . In a high school consulting survey, it was found that the number of puppy love accounted for about 1/7 of the total survey, and there were symptoms of puppy love, mainly manifested as? Always wanted to see him? ,? I've always wanted to be with him? ,? I'm always excited when I talk to him? , even? I fell in love with my English teacher? , which makes you think? Fidgety, unable to eat, unable to sleep? , the results began to decline. As a result of entering the misunderstanding of love, psychological conflicts have intensified, resulting in various psychological and pathological reactions.
4. Lack of self-confidence and negative inferiority complex
Influenced by parents, teachers and the surrounding environment, high school students' study, life pressure and social pressure are extremely serious. At this stage, if they lack correct study and psychological guidance, they will often doubt their intelligence or ability because of one or more failed exams, which will dampen their will to struggle, make them frustrated, feel inferior and closed, and some even have unhealthy phenomena such as alcoholism, * * and fighting under the adverse influence of the outside world.
Second, the causes of unhealthy psychological analysis of students
1. Educators don't pay attention to students' mental health.
Young students are particularly sensitive to new things, curious, like to pursue unique needs and explore strange problems, proud of being unconventional, unwilling to obey the rules, and often look at problems one-sided and extreme. However, in the whole teaching process, educators just think that teaching puzzles can make students become knowledgeable, so they blindly teach puzzles in a fixed mode, that's all. For those students who don't break the law and abide by the law, they actually want to break away from their own design mode and think from another angle. Poor students? ,? Naughty? ,? No rules? . Indeed, because middle school students are inexperienced and confused, some behaviors are unbearable. Being a teacher means inferiority, disrespect for students, satire or punishment. In this way, students lose self-esteem and self-confidence. Students' social situation is hindered, and their bold and rebellious psychology dominates them. No matter what the intentions of educators are, students treat them with an anti-psychological attitude. Although timid people don't talk or directly resist, negative resistance is obvious.
Students hope to have intimate friends who can talk to each other, understand each other and comfort each other. If we don't pay attention to the emotional communication between teachers and students, students will feel very lonely and gradually become withdrawn. Educators often can't correctly understand and recognize students' needs, and obedience to educators often appears in actual education. Excellent? And vice versa? Poor? Phenomenon, which is actually education and power and strength.
The free and unrestrained world of middle school students is amazing, but educators may feel uneasy and unbearable about it because they have no personal experience, and try to impose their own fixed ideas on students, so this gap will inevitably form between students and educators, resulting in students'? The bud of resistance? .
A teacher who can't adapt to social diversity can't understand the psychology of middle school students in a diversified society only by his own experience. This is an important reason for students' psychological barriers.
2. Parents' mental health education for students is generally a blind spot.
Family is the initial important place for students' socialization, and it is the place where parents pass on their own quality behaviors to the next generation. Parents' quality behavior is an important factor affecting students' success, even the society. Much of what students know is not learned at school, but from their parents. At present, many families lack cultural atmosphere, and some parents are busy drinking after work, or getting rich, relaxing their education for their children, leading to their indulgence and degeneration; Some parents misbehave and indulge their behavior, which has a certain negative impact on their children; Many families have adopted a doting attitude towards the only child, making the child spoiled and unable to bear hardships. When encountering setbacks, they are overwhelmed or psychologically unbalanced, and extreme behaviors occur. Even many parents who are strict with their children always want to impose their expectations on their children, but ignore the cultivation of their psychological qualities such as emotion, needs, will and character. As a result, many middle school students lie to their parents when they have the ability, and hide it from their parents when they have the ability. As a result, students are the victims, and their thoughts and emotions are inevitably unhealthy.
3. Social environmental pollution
Due to the low social moral consciousness, people have become accustomed to many immoral behaviors, which leads to misleading education, blurring children's understanding of the correctness of behaviors, and causing moral obstacles such as lying, cheating, stealing, destruction and confrontation. Secondly, some cultural and recreational facilities in society have become places to induce young people to change. For example, young people are the actual consumer groups in video game halls and Internet cafes, especially in some film and television public places in society. In pursuit of box office value, murder, obscenity and other films are often shown. After being poisoned, many young people start committing crimes, fighting and seeking excitement. Repeated prohibition of pornographic books and periodicals is also the main reason for teenagers to embark on the road of crime.
Third, the implementation countermeasures of mental health education for middle school students.
For educators, it should be an urgent and important task to attach importance to and strengthen adolescent mental health education. According to the laws and requirements of psychological development and the current mental health status of teenagers, strengthening the mental health education of teenagers must start from the following aspects.
1. Infiltrate and promote in all directions, strengthen mental health education in schools, and establish a psychological quality education model that meets the needs of teenagers.
All aspects of school work have an important attribute, which is education. Therefore, mobilizing all aspects of the school's strength, comprehensively infiltrating and promoting mental health education through multiple channels and in all directions should be the school's first choice strategy. First of all, school leaders and teachers attach great importance to the necessity and urgency of students' mental health education and bring it into the school education system. Only by attaching great importance to it can the strategy have a basis for implementation; Then psychological education is distributed in all aspects of school education, and an educational network combining professional channels with non-professional channels is constructed. The special channels are psychological education courses, psychological consultation, psychological counseling and psychotherapy; Non-major is to infiltrate mental health education into subject teaching, moral education activities, extracurricular activities, labor and technology courses and various management of schools. In addition, it is necessary to build an educational network that combines school, family and community education, and implement mental health education from multiple angles and in all directions.
The main channel of school quality education is classroom teaching, which permeates mental health education into the teaching of various disciplines. Therefore, strengthening the introduction of teaching talents and the training of in-service teachers will provide fresh blood for quality education and teaching in senior high schools. Teachers change various teaching methods through different teaching channels, and use every teaching link to cultivate students' psychological quality while imparting knowledge and training skills. The work of class teacher is not only an important part of moral education, but also an important work of students' mental health education. Students' healthy personality and excellent psychological quality are closely related to the work of class teachers. Judging from the existing teaching system, the head teacher is both an educator and a manager, and the head teacher is very important for students' psychological counseling. But in reality, most class teachers lack the knowledge of mental health education and psychological counseling technology, and are not qualified to guide students' mental health. Therefore, the school urgently needs to strengthen the knowledge training of the head teacher's mental health education, so that everyone in the head teacher can be competent for this work.
2. Strengthen family education, parents should pay attention to guiding their children's all-round physical and mental development.
Family is the first school for teenagers, and parents are their children's first teachers. Every child's growth is inseparable from family education, and every case of mental illness caused by mental health also has family reasons. Parents' educational ideas, parenting styles and family education environment directly affect children's mental health and the formation of sound personality. As parents, we should pay attention to strengthening students' mental health education from the following aspects, so that children can develop morally, intellectually and physically in an all-round way.
(1) Change the idea of attaching importance to intellectual education and neglecting moral education, physical education and mental health education.
(2) Set an example and take the lead in demonstrating. What parents ask children to do, children must do it first, especially in psychological requirements. Only when parents are psychologically healthy can children be psychologically healthy.
(3) Pay attention to the guidance of students' spiritual life and strengthen the input of family spiritual culture.
Encourage the establishment of the concept of contributing to the country and self-reliance, pay attention to cultivating children's will to work hard and overcome setbacks and strong moral character, and consciously create some difficulties, obstacles and twists and turns for children to experience, enhance self-confidence, temper their will and cultivate their independent personality. In particular, cultivate and develop children's hobbies, let children do what they like, and cultivate children's observation, memory, analysis, creativity and aesthetic ability.
(4) Respect children and don't go to two extremes.
Children are the hope of parents. As parents, we should respect our children emotionally and psychologically, and not treat them as private? Property? Spoil it if you love it, and beat it if you hate it, which seriously affects children's mental health. Therefore, parents should respect and understand their children, encourage them to exchange ideas with their children, let them grow up in an environment where they are loved and respected, and children will certainly know how to love, respect and help others.
(5) Parents should always contact the school to achieve consistency with school education.
Parents should overcome the idea of relying solely on school education and actively participate in school education activities for their children. Such as parent-teacher conferences, parent-teacher conferences and symposiums. We should correctly treat the opinions reflected by school teachers, neither protecting children nor adding fists and feet. The content of education for children should be consistent with that of schools, and children should be educated with correct outlook on life, world outlook and values, and ideal education. Don't indoctrinate children with unhealthy content, such as money first, or even comment on the dark side of society in front of children.
(6) Parents should analyze, guide and solve their children's psychological problems in time to avoid long-term disasters.
3. Create a relaxed, healthy and progressive social environment and cultivate students' complete and sound self.
The mental health of teenagers can not be separated from the education and counseling of schools and families, nor from the influence of social environment. Environmental education and bad social environment directly affect the mental health of teenagers. All walks of life and communities should care about the growth of teenagers, support school mental health education and promote its development, and form a social atmosphere conducive to the mental health of teenagers. The society must strengthen measures to reduce the corrosion and infiltration of bad ideas and culture to teenagers and reduce the occurrence of events that affect their physical and mental health. Only by building a whole society for the growth of teenagers? Protection net? Filter out harmful substances in the society, return teenagers to a clean blue sky, and at the same time increase social and psychological publicity and education on teenagers' health, cultivate innovative talents with sound personality in the 2 1 century, and promote social harmony and progress.
refer to
[1] Yao Benxian, Fang Shuanghu. Introduction to mental health education in schools [M]. Shanghai: Oriental Publishing Center, 2002.
[2] Zheng Richang, Chen Yongsheng. School psychological counseling [M]. Beijing: People's Education Press, 1999.
(Editor Si Wen)