It is our goal to cultivate students' first aid awareness, comprehensive first aid ability and ability to solve practical problems. The following is the relevant i
It is our goal to cultivate students' first aid awareness, comprehensive first aid ability and ability to solve practical problems. The following is the relevant information I have compiled for you for your reference!
1, China citizens' health literacy Article 20-Patients with respiratory or cardiac arrest can be given first aid by artificial respiration and chest compressions.
Article 25 of "China Citizen's Health Literacy"-When traumatic bleeding occurs, especially massive bleeding, it should be immediately bandaged to stop bleeding; Fracture patients should not move easily.
Article 57 of China Citizens' Health Literacy-Keep children away from dangerous waters and prevent drowning.
China citizens' health literacy Article 60-Call 120 in case of emergency medical assistance.
Article 65 of China Citizens' Health Literacy-When rescuing people who get an electric shock, the power supply will be cut off first without direct contact with the body of the person who gets an electric shock. Article 66 of "China Citizens' Health Literacy"-In case of fire, isolate the smoke, cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel, and keep a low profile to escape; Will call the fire alarm number 1 19.
2, should master the knowledge of first aid.
1 How to call the emergency number 1202 Treatment of traumatic bleeding 3 Treatment of traumatic fracture
4 CPR knowledge 5 electric shock, drowning, gas poisoning, fire and other treatment
3. How to call the emergency number?
China medical emergency telephone-120 The place where an ambulance needs to arrive is an obvious waiting place. For example: room x, no. X, Cao Zhang Xincun, the number and basic information of patients waiting for the bus at the entrance of the business hall of the gas company, for example, does an old man with a head injury have a history of illness or injury before, for example, he suffered a stroke six months ago, and left his contact number, for example, his mobile phone number is. ...........................................................................
4. For the on-site treatment of traumatic bleeding, we should first distinguish arterial bleeding, venous bleeding and capillary bleeding.
5, the method of hemostasis
Finger pressing artery hemostasis, local pressure bandage hemostasis, tourniquet hemostasis, finger pressing artery hemostasis
1 forearm bleeding-brachial artery 2 palmar bleeding-ulnar artery and radial artery
Point out the arteries on both sides of the blood-finger root.
6, pressure bandage to stop bleeding
First, cover the wound with clean gauze or clean paper, handkerchief, towel, etc. , and then use bandages or cloth, red scarf, thread, etc. Instead of tying a knot.
7, tourniquet hemostasis method, suitable for limb arterial bleeding.
Matters needing attention in using tourniquet-tourniquet position: near the wound heart; A pad should be placed under the tourniquet, and the tourniquet should be tight enough to stop bleeding. Relax every 30 minutes 1 minute.
The tourniquet must be handed over and marked.
8. On-site treatment of fracture
Fix the injured part and stop bleeding if there is bleeding.
9, the role of fracture fixation
It can relieve pain and prevent rebleeding and injury. Limbs can be braked with splints, and trunk can be braked with stretchers and straps. When moving the wounded, don't move, twist or shake the wound.
10, fixing material
Splint, neck support, etc. , local materials, such as wooden sticks, etc. The patient's own healthy limbs
1 1, fixing method
Fixation of neck injury: neck brace
Limb fixation: When fixing limbs with wooden splint, the length of splint must be longer than the two joints where the injured limb is located, and three fixing straps should be applied.
12, how to carry it?
No matter what method is adopted, care should be taken not to aggravate the damage of the original injured part or increase the pain of the wounded.
13, treatment of cardiac and respiratory arrest
Please call 120 to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation immediately, judge consciousness, call the patient loudly and pat the patient on the shoulder.
14, open the airway.
Keep the respiratory tract unobstructed. If the patient loses consciousness, the patient's jaw should be raised to prevent the root of the tongue from falling backwards and blocking the airway.
15, to determine whether there is breathing.
Take a look: whether there is any fluctuation in the chest, listen: whether there is breathing sound, touch: whether there is breathing breath. If you are not breathing, give artificial respiration immediately.
16, artificial respiration
Breathe in calmly, cover your mouth and blow tightly, hold your nose with your fingers, and the blowing time is about 1 s, and the chest fluctuation is effective.
17, judging whether there is a heartbeat.
The patient has no heartbeat, no carotid pulse, no consciousness, no breathing, no physical activity, etc.
18, chest compression
The compression site is the middle point of two * * * connecting lines-the sternum, the frequency is 100 times/minute, the depth is 4-5cm, and the ratio of chest compression to artificial respiration is 30: 2.
19, Treatment of electric shock
First, cut off the power supply and ask adults not to directly touch the body of the person who gets an electric shock. Call 120.
20, get an electric shock on-site treatment
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation should be performed immediately after cutting off the power supply. If the electrocuted person still has a heartbeat and breathing, call the emergency number 120.
2 1, drowning treatment
How to prevent drowning? Learn to swim, don't play near dangerous waters, and don't swim where there are no adults present.
22. What should I do if I drown?
Ask someone to rescue the drowning person ashore, and at the same time immediately pour out the accumulated water in the drowning person's respiratory tract. Please call 120 emergency number.
If the heartbeat stops breathing, perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation immediately. Artificial respiration, chest compressions
23, the prevention and control of gas poisoning
Prevention-Pay attention to ventilation when heating in winter, and use gas stoves and gas water heaters correctly and safely.
Treatment-open doors and windows for ventilation; Immediately remove the poisoned person from the poisoned place; If the heartbeat and breathing stop, perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
24. What should I do in case of fire?
To escape, call the police immediately 1 19, 1 10, 120, and put out the fire as much as possible. It is dangerous to use water and fire fighting equipment! ! ! Prevention methods: use fire correctly and learn to use fire extinguishing equipment. In order to avoid choking by smoke when fleeing from the fire, cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel, and keep lying down, or crawl along the floor with residual air within 20 cm from the ground. In public places such as theaters, cinemas and office buildings, you can choose to hide in the bathroom when all exits are blocked by fire. Because toilets and water sources are less combustible, they are more conducive to survival. When there is a fire in other rooms, touch the door handle before fleeing. If it is cold, it means there is no fire outside the door and you can escape. If the door handle is very hot, it means that the fire has reached the door. Don't open the door at this time, or the fire will blow in your face. In order to block the door with wet sheets and quilts, prevent smoke from entering, splash water on the door to cool down, buy time to wait for rescue or escape from the window.
25, matters needing attention
Prevention is more important than cure; Ensure your own safety; Only do what you can: call 120 for help; Ask people around you to help middle school students and college students stop bleeding and perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation.