Chen Yiping, a researcher at the Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences and vice president of Northwest Normal University, pointed out in the article that the heavy industrial areas and residential areas nearby in Lanzhou, located in the upper reaches of the Yellow River basin, have adverse effects on water quality because the river flows through the central city of Lanzhou. On the fifth day of dry season, the biochemical oxygen demand exceeded the standard by 60%, the total nitrogen exceeded the standard 190%, the volatile phenol exceeded the standard by 280%, the mercury exceeded the standard 17 1%, and the fecal coliform exceeded the standard 180%. On the fifth day of wet season, the biochemical oxygen demand exceeded the standard by 63%, the total nitrogen exceeded the standard by 267%, the volatile phenol exceeded the standard by 380%, the mercury exceeded the standard by 2 10%, the arsenic exceeded the standard by 1 15%, and the coliform exceeded the standard by 360%. As the Yellow River water is the drinking water source of Lanzhou urban residents, the above health risk assessment results show that there are great health risks in dry season and wet season. ?
The research team further studied the water quality of the whole Yellow River basin, and the results showed that the average water quality index of the Yellow River basin in the wet season showed that the water quality was close to medium. The water quality in the upper reaches of Guide in Qinghai is good; The water quality in Dongying downstream is poor, and Lanzhou and Sanmenxia are the worst, especially Sanmenxia. For example, in the wet season, the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in Lanzhou and Sanmenxia exceeded the standard by more than 85%, the total nitrogen exceeded the standard by more than 200%, and the coliform bacteria exceeded the standard by more than 200%. These data show that there are many tributaries in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, which are close to large and medium-sized cities. The river basin is densely populated, and the water body is greatly affected by human activities. ?
Finally, the researchers put forward three suggestions to strengthen the ecological environment management of the Yellow River Basin: First, focus on industrial urban sections, and put an end to direct discharge, illegal discharge and substandard discharge by various enterprises along the river; Second, illegal discharge in rainy season is a loophole in environmental management, which should be strictly monitored in rainy season to prevent the opportunity to discharge pollutants and ensure the safety of drinking water for residents and agricultural irrigation water; The third is to strengthen the monitoring of the tributaries of the Yellow River basin and the surrounding urban environment, and control it from the source to ensure the water quality safety of the main stream. ?