Causes of fetal mental retardation 1, heredity
2. Iodine deficiency of pregnant women in geographical environment is one of the important factors affecting the normal development of the fetus.
3. Disease
Congenital stupidity, also known as Down syndrome, is caused by chromosomal abnormalities. Dementia is also called congenital thyroid insufficiency.
4. Infection and dystocia
Prenatal causes If pregnant women are infected with rubella virus, influenza and other viral diseases in the first four months of pregnancy, it will do great harm to the fetus and baby, which may cause fetal congenital malformation and mental retardation.
5. Social and family psychological factors
Early social isolation, emotional deprivation, lack of maternal love, unattended, cultural isolation, inappropriate education methods, etc. will all affect children's intelligence level.
6. Nutrition
Studies have shown that malnutrition during pregnancy is one of the main causes of intrauterine growth retardation.
Influencing factors of intellectual diet
Man is created by nature, and food is the material basis of life and brain. Food determines the health of life and brain. A large number of research results show that without certain foods, the brain will be unhealthy or even brainless. Human elites are mainly coincidental scientific dietotherapy. Therefore, if this coincidence is turned into a scientific personalized scientific diet, people can become smarter.
Genetics and environment
Genetic quality is the biological premise of intellectual development. Good genetic quality is the foundation and natural condition for intellectual development. It is found that the closer the genetic relationship is, the more similar the intelligence of individuals is. However, heredity only provides the possibility of intellectual development. To make the possibility of intellectual development come true, we need the interaction of society, family and school education. Among the effects of heredity and environment on intelligence, heredity determines the upper limit of intelligence development, which can only be achieved in an ideal and timely environment; The higher the upper limit of genetic determination, the greater the role of the environment.
Early experience
The speed of people's intellectual development is unbalanced. Research shows that the more experience gained in the early stage, the faster the intellectual development. Many people call preschool a critical period of intellectual development. American Bloom put forward an important hypothesis that the age before the age of 5 is regarded as the fastest period of intellectual development. If the intelligence level of 17 is 100%, then 50% of intelligence is acquired from birth to 4 years old, the remaining 30% is acquired at 4-7 years old, and the other 20% is acquired at 8- 17 years old.
school education
Intelligence is not innate, and education and teaching play a leading role in the development of intelligence. Education and teaching can not only enable children to acquire the knowledge and experience of predecessors, but also promote the development of children's psychological ability. For example, when teachers use the method of analysis and generalization to teach course content, they not only enable students to acquire relevant knowledge, but also master this method as a means of thinking. This ability will be formed if this external teaching method and learning method are gradually transformed into internal generalized thinking operation.
social practice
Human intelligence is gradually developed in the practice of understanding and transforming the objective world. Social practice is not only an important way to learn knowledge, but also an important foundation for intellectual development. Edison's first teacher was his mother, but experiment was the basis of his invention and an important condition for his intellectual formation.
subjective efforts
The decisive role of environment and education can only affect the development of ability mechanically and passively. Without subjective efforts and personal diligence, it is impossible to achieve career success and ability development. Many outstanding thinkers, scientists and artists in the world, no matter how different their careers are, have one thing in common, that is, they are obsessed with their own careers, persist for a long time, and are diligent and tenacious in the struggle against difficulties. Without these, they can only be mediocre people, and they can't succeed or improve their abilities.
Games to develop baby's intelligence 1. Looking for toys
Method: Adults and babies play together. When they are interested, they put toys in their pockets or under pillows or sheets in front of them. When you find a toy, adults should immediately pick up the baby and praise it? Great! How clever! ? . This encourages the baby to develop keen observation and memory, and establishes the concept of object persistence for him.
2. Develop visual, auditory and tactile games.
Choose colorful masks, colorful plastic toys, mirrors, pictures, small animals, etc. Make a demonstration first, put toys of the same color together, and then let the children follow suit; Hearing toys that can make pleasant sounds, such as small rattles, rattles, music boxes, wind chimes, etc. Children can be taught to pronounce different sounds with the sounds made when playing with toys.
3. Games to cultivate cognitive and tactile abilities
First of all, teach the child to look in the mirror and let him step by step? You know? Myself. Like holding the baby in front of the mirror and holding his little finger and nose and saying? Nose? Then hold his little hand and point to the adult's nose, and so on, until he can point to the nose and say nose. Then, you can teach your baby to know other things: take toys with different feel and texture, such as plush toys, small toys made of silk, building blocks, balls played on the beach, etc. And teach him to know things, cultivate feelings, distinguish sizes, distinguish colors, and? Tear paper? 、? Picking peas? 、? Throw things? Something like that