(1) changed the orientation of health, broke through the traditional concept of health, and always limited the focus of health to the presence or absence of diseases.
(2) The explanation of health used to be limited to the biological scope of human life activities, but now it has been extended to many aspects of biology, psychology and society;
(3) From paying attention to individual health to paying attention to group health, putting health in the broad background of human society;
(4) Health is a dynamic and ever-changing process, and we can measure health from different levels and with different standards.
Second, the factors affecting health
biotic factor
Biological factors are the main factors affecting human health. Mainly age, gender, growth and development, metabolism, heredity and so on. Among them, genetic factors are extremely important.
(B) Psychological factors
People's psychological activities are produced on the basis of physiological activities, which in turn affect the physiological and biochemical changes of human internal organs through the mediation of emotions and emotions, and even cause dysfunction and decreased immune function, thus increasing the chances of various diseases.
1. Positive emotions can improve health.
2. Negative emotions can damage health.
(3) Environmental factors
The environment has a great influence on human health. Except hereditary diseases, all diseases are more or less related to the environment.
(1) Natural environmental factors: Air, water, sunlight, food, vegetables and animals in nature are the environment on which human beings depend for survival. However, in this environment, there are many ingredients that are harmful to human health, such as water pollution, excessive carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxide in the air, pathogenic microorganisms and their toxins, and pesticide residues in grain and vegetables.
(2) Social factors
Political system: Whether citizens' health is placed in an important position and active measures are taken to promote public health can have a great impact.
Socio-economic factors: Social and personal economic conditions will directly affect people's health.
Cultural and educational factors: Cultural and educational factors indirectly affect people's health awareness by affecting people's quality.
(4) Lifestyle
Lifestyle refers to a series of living habits, systems and consciousness that people have long been influenced by certain cultural beliefs, national habits, economic ability, social conditions, behavioral norms, especially family environment. At present, unhealthy eating habits in society, such as smoking, alcoholism, drug abuse, too little exercise, tight pace of life and work, and changes in family structure, have become important factors that plague human health. Scientists in China suggest that good living habits should include:
1. Open-minded and optimistic; 2. Combine work and rest and insist on exercise; 3, the law of life, make good use of leisure; 4. Proper nutrition; 5. Do not smoke or drink; 6. Family harmony and environmental adaptation; 7, be kind to others, self-respect; 8. Love cleaning and pay attention to safety.
(5) Medical and health services
Medical and health care service refers to the process that medical and health care institutions and professionals use health resources and medical means to provide necessary services for individuals, groups and society in a planned and purposeful way. In this service, the distribution of medical resources, the quality of personnel, the quality of service, the perfection of the system and the convenience for people to obtain this service will all have an impact on human health.