Face to the right, unbutton your clothes to facilitate breathing, remove mucus from your mouth and nose in time, and prevent suffocation by inhaling vomit or other secretions.
2. Prevent children from biting their tongues
Put chopsticks on the cloth mat between the upper and lower molars. If you clench your teeth, you don't have to force it in. Put your finger on the valley of harmony at once.
3. Carry out physical cooling.
Untie the child's neckline and belt, wipe the head and neck, armpits and thigh roots with warm water or alcohol, or apply a large area of cold water towel on the forehead to cool down, but don't wet the chest and abdomen.
4. Send a doctor to see a doctor
The child stopped twitching and was taken to the hospital after breathing smoothly. If the convulsion cannot be relieved for more than 5 minutes, or it recurs in a short time, it means that the condition is serious and must be sent to the hospital urgently. During transportation, pay attention to expose the nose and mouth, straighten the neck and keep the respiratory tract unobstructed. It is necessary to closely observe whether the child's face is blue and pale, and whether breathing is rapid, laborious or even paused. It should be noted that some parents, lacking medical knowledge, are at a loss at the sight of their children's convulsions, and rush to wrap their children in clothes to go to the hospital, and the clothes are tightly wrapped, which can easily block the nose and mouth, block the respiratory tract, and even suffocate.
Nursing measures for children with febrile convulsion 1 Basic nursing.
Keep the environment comfortable and quiet, the air is fresh, and the temperature and humidity are appropriate. The room temperature is 24 ~ 26℃ and the relative humidity is 65%. Treatment and nursing should be concentrated as much as possible, and the operation should be gentle, so as to reduce the movement of children and avoid unnecessary stimulation.
Oral and skin care
Do a good job of oral care, twice a day, scrub your mouth with normal saline or 1: 5000 furacilin cotton ball to keep your mouth clean and stimulate your appetite. Children with high fever will sweat a lot during the cooling process and are prone to rash. If you find yourself sweating for a long time, change your clothes in time to prevent colds and skin infections. Change the bedding in time for those who vomit or have incontinence. Coma children should turn over regularly, strengthen the massage of the compressed parts, and use an air cushion bed when necessary to prevent the occurrence of pressure ulcers and infection caused by skin ulceration. Children with intracranial hypertension roll over axially and raise their heads 15? ~30? , to avoid neck distortion.
3 supply nutrition
Correctly assess the child's temperature and nutritional status. People who are awake are encouraged to drink more water or choose their favorite juice and eat a light and digestible high-calorie diet (fasting high-calorie food when they have a high fever). Temporarily fast when convulsions occur, and then eat when the condition is stable. Pay attention to salt supplementation when sweating for a long time. Coma people can be inserted into the stomach tube for nasal feeding or intravenous high nutrition.
4 observation of illness
Observe the changes of children's temperature, blood pressure, respiration, pulse, state of consciousness and pupil, and notify the doctor in time if early symptoms of brain edema are found. Attention should also be paid to the type, characteristics, duration and interval of convulsion, especially the recovery of consciousness after convulsion relief, skin color, special smell of mouth and so on. , and should make nursing records. If there is any abnormality, report it to the doctor immediately so as to take emergency rescue measures.
5 prevention of trauma
When convulsing, put gauze on the child's hands and armpits to prevent skin abrasions. When the teeth are closed, don't pry them open forcibly to avoid damaging the teeth. Install a bedside fence to prevent children from falling off the bed. For a bed with a railing, put a quilt on the railing to prevent the child from hurting his body when he convulses, and remove all the hard objects on the bed to avoid injury. If the child falls to the ground during the attack, he should be rescued on the spot, take out hard objects that may hurt the child, and do not forcibly pull or press the child's limbs to avoid fracture or dislocation. Children who are likely to have convulsions should be taken care of by specialized personnel to prevent injuries during seizures.
6 psychological guidance and health education
Febrile convulsions often cause extreme panic among parents. Medical staff explain the causes, treatment and prognosis of convulsions to parents, patiently answer their questions and relieve or eliminate tension. Tell parents that children with febrile convulsions may have convulsions in the future, and the recurrence rate is 35%[3], let them know that controlling body temperature is the key to prevent convulsions, and teach parents how to observe the changes of body temperature and identify the early signs and symptoms of body temperature rise in time, such as listlessness, chills, chills in limbs, shortness of breath and so on, and how to use physical cooling and drug cooling methods. Demonstrate the first aid methods when convulsion occurs, such as pressing Renzhong and Hegu points to keep calm, and transfer the child to the nearest hospital for treatment as soon as possible after convulsion is relieved. Let parents know that temporary disturbance of consciousness generally does not cause great harm to children's brains, and there is no need to take preventive drugs after discharge. However, parents should always keep antipyretics and anticonvulsants at home, correctly grasp the dosage and usage of the drugs, and take them in time when they have a fever to prevent the recurrence of convulsions. Use antipyretics to prevent insufficient dosage, vomiting after taking medicine, incorrect technology of antipyretic suppository, etc. And observe the effect after taking the medicine to achieve the purpose of cooling down as soon as possible. Children with epilepsy should take medicine on time and should not stop taking it without authorization. Communicate with children and their parents frequently, relieve children's anxiety and inferiority complex, and establish confidence in overcoming diseases. At the same time, it emphasizes the importance of regular outpatient service, adjusts drugs according to the condition and actively cooperates with treatment.