The six nutrients in human body include sugar, oil, protein, vitamins, water and inorganic salts. Rice mainly contains sugar, stewed mutton mainly contains protein, a small amount of oil and inorganic salts, and home-made tofu mainly contains protein, water and inorganic salts, lacking vitamins. So add a plate of baked beans.
(2) A healthy diet should pay attention to reasonable nutrition, that is, the various nutrients ingested from food are in balance with the human body's demand for these nutrients, neither lacking nor excessive. According to the pagoda of balanced diet, five kinds of food should be taken in a balanced way. Reasonable nutrition also includes reasonable dining system and reasonable cooking methods. Eat three meals a day on time. A reasonable diet requires energy intake for breakfast, lunch and dinner to account for 30%, 40% and 30% respectively. Therefore, the ratio of breakfast, lunch and dinner is 3: 4: 3 in the total energy intake every day. Teenagers are an important period of growth, and there is a great demand for protein. Therefore, teenagers should ensure comprehensive and reasonable nutrition, especially pay attention to the intake of protein.
(3) The respiratory system consists of respiratory tract and lung. Respiratory tract, including nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea and bronchus, is a breathing channel to ensure the smooth flow of gas. At the same time, mucus secreted by nasal mucosa in nasal cavity can moisten the air. There are abundant capillaries in the nasal cavity, which can warm the air; Nose hair in the nasal cavity can block dust, and mucus can stick to dust and clean the air. The lung is a place for gas exchange. After the gas passes through the lungs, oxygen enters the blood, carbon dioxide enters the alveoli and exhales through the respiratory tract, and the blood changes from venous blood to arterial blood. Breathing occurs in tissues and cells, producing carbon dioxide. The process in which the human body exhales carbon dioxide and excretes urine can be called excretion.
(4) The structure of glomerulus is similar to that of filter. When blood flows through the glomerulus, all water-soluble substances except blood cells and protein with larger molecules can enter the renal capsule cavity through the filter barrier, forming protourine. When glomerulus is diseased, the permeability of glomerulus will increase, and protein and blood cells that could not be filtered originally will be filtered out. Renal tubules do not reabsorb these substances, so protein and blood cells appear in urine. Therefore, a patient with nephritis found that there were red blood cells and protein in urine after urine test, and the lesion might be glomerulus. When raw urine flows through renal tubules, substances useful to human body, including most water, all glucose and some inorganic salts, are reabsorbed into the blood by renal tubules.
Therefore, the answer is: (1) amino acids; ? Small intestine; Stir-fry (or stir-fry beans, green peppers, spinach, cucumber, tomatoes, etc. As long as the answer is rich in vitamins and inorganic salts, you will score);
(2) Eat three meals a day and eat on time;
(or not partial eclipse, not picky eaters; Or not overeating; Or hungry enough; Or the energy of breakfast, lunch and dinner in the total energy intake every day? 30%, 40% and 30% respectively; Or drink enough water every day and drink less carbonated drinks; Or insist on eating breakfast; Or add some foods rich in protein to your daily diet).
(3) cleaning; Gas exchange; From venous blood to arterial blood; Tissue cells; Excretion;
(4) glomerulus; Glucose; ? Water.