The outstanding features of college students' self-awareness are as follows:
1. The differentiation of ideal self and realistic self coexist.
With the change of learning environment, lifestyle and the development of psychological consciousness, college students' self-consciousness presents the phenomenon that "ideal self" and "realistic self" coexist. On the one hand, college students are full of confidence in themselves and look forward to the future; On the other hand, real life is often not what they want, so there is a division between "ideal me" and "real me". When the "two selves" are seriously divided, it is difficult for college students to recognize themselves and form self-concept, so they will have bad psychological states such as inferiority, self-pity, vanity and narcissism, or all kinds of psychological discomfort and lose the motivation to move forward.
2. Independence and dependence coexist
College students are usually more confident and independent, and have the intention to get rid of adult supervision and discipline. However, although they are eager to be independent and try to face various problems and study independently in life, they are eager for their relatives, teachers and peers to share their concerns when facing emergencies due to lack of social experience and life experience. In addition, college students' psychological desire for independence and their inability to be independent economically are also the reasons for their self-awareness independence and dependence. So they are eager to get rid of supervision and pursue self-reliance, but they can't really get rid of the support and help of their parents and teachers.
3. Inferiority and conceit coexist
College students have learned to observe and evaluate themselves as bystanders. However, when they overestimate themselves, they will have conceited psychology such as arrogance and self-righteousness; When they deny and exclude themselves, they will feel lonely, silent and alienated from the collective. Because the self-evaluation of college students can't be complete and objective, their self-awareness will show the characteristics of conceit and inferiority. This is why they have some special emotional experiences, such as anxiety, guilt, sadness and disappointment.
Second, how to guide college students to establish a healthy self-awareness
As a psychological control system, self-awareness is the core content of personality and plays an important role in the growth of college students. College students will be influenced by many factors in their development. Based on this, we can help college students to establish healthy self-awareness in various ways. Specifically, we can recruit people from the following two aspects:
(1). school education
Education plays a very important role in realizing human socialization. For college students, school education provides favorable conditions for the formation and perfection of their self-awareness. As educators, we can help college students to establish a correct self-awareness through the following ways.
1. Establish a good self-awareness guidance system. On the basis of fully understanding the development law of college students' self-awareness, teachers actively guide college students to establish a correct outlook on life and values, and help them establish a good self-awareness guidance system. The practical experience of education tells us that the educated will selectively accept social moral norms and values according to their own needs and "internalize" them into individual values. First of all, educators should make full use of the positive factors in college students' self-awareness in value education, strive to eliminate its negative aspects and promote the healthy development of college students' self-awareness; Second, help college students realize the unity of "ideological self" and "realistic self", and lay a good foundation for the establishment and perfection of their self-awareness.
2. Targeted mental health education activities. In view of the problems existing in the formation of college students' self-awareness, the school carries out mental health education activities aimed at establishing healthy self-awareness, guides students to learn to make correct self-evaluation, allows students to experience themselves actively, teaches students various self-adjustment methods, and promotes college students to establish healthy self-awareness.
3. Create a good environment. There is no doubt that the environment will affect or even determine the growth and development of individuals to a certain extent. The cultivation of college students' healthy self-awareness is inseparable from a good environment. Therefore, educators should create a good campus environment, attach importance to the overall school environment construction, strengthen the management of class environment, guide the dormitory to form a good atmosphere, strengthen communication with students' families, and promote the healthy development of college students' self-awareness with the full cooperation of families, schools and society.
(2) Students' self-cultivation.
Self-awareness is largely limited by the level of personal accomplishment. Cultivating healthy self-awareness requires our own efforts, and college students can start from these aspects.
1 Know yourself first. Self-awareness is the basis of establishing healthy self-awareness. College students should have a clear understanding of themselves, find out their strengths and weaknesses, and make contributions to their own development.
(1). Know yourself through others' comments.
Individual's self-knowledge is influenced by others' evaluation and attitude, and reflects others' evaluation and attitude to some extent. College students should pay attention to the evaluation of people they are familiar with or have more contacts with, such as mutual evaluation among classmates, teachers' specific and personalized correct evaluation of themselves, parents' views on themselves, etc., which are all helpful to improve their self-cognitive ability. Of course, this is not simply accepting other people's comments. Both the evaluators' and the evaluators' evaluations will affect college students' acceptance of others' evaluations. Before accepting others' comments, college students should always analyze the evaluators and their comments, and then they can selectively accept others' comments, form their own comments and realize self-cognition.
(2) Know yourself by comparison.
The individual's understanding of himself is not carried out in isolation, but can only be realized by comparing with others frequently. In the process of comparing with others, individuals can realize their own ability, moral quality, and whether the pursuit of goals is appropriate. Recognize your own advantages and disadvantages, foster strengths and avoid weaknesses in comparison, and achieve the purpose of learning from each other's strengths and narrowing the gap. College students should not only compare themselves with people in similar situations, but also with their past and future. By comparing their present "self" with their past or future, they can further understand themselves. The higher the level of past achievements, the easier it is for individuals to make a positive evaluation of themselves, while the higher the level of ambition pointing to the future, the less easy it is for individuals to be satisfied and the more difficult it is to make a positive evaluation of themselves. Therefore, college students should not be satisfied with their existing achievements, but should constantly surpass themselves. At the same time, they should also establish an appropriate level of ambition and not blindly make things difficult for themselves.