Looking at the exam notes in recent years, the exam scope of differentiating and analyzing sick sentences is defined as six types: (1) improper word order, (2) improper collocation, (3) incomplete components, (4) redundant components, (5) illogical, and (6) inappropriate emotional color. Tips: ① In principle, the original meaning of a sentence cannot be changed; ② Finding the trunk, managing the branches and leaves, distinguishing the context and managing the relationship are skills; ③ The methods include "adding" (adding words), "deleting" (deleting redundant words), "adjusting" (exchanging order) and "changing words". (4) Modify paragraphs, pay attention to the context, rely on the sense of language, find problems, modify them one by one, and break them into parts. First, improper word order:
1. The word order of sentence components is improper.
For example, she is an excellent women's basketball coach of the national team with more than 20 years' teaching experience.
Etiology: Many attributives are out of order.
Method: The sequence of multiple attributes is as follows: 1. Time or place to express the attribute; 2. Reference phrases or quantitative phrases; 3. Verbs or verb phrases; 4. Nouns or noun phrases; 5. Adjectives or adjective phrases.
Correction: She is an excellent (adjective phrase) women's basketball coach with more than 20 years' teaching experience in the national team.
2. The function words are in the wrong order.
If you don't check the farm tools now, it will be too late after a while.
Etiology: the adverb "bu" is not in the right position.
Correction: If we don't check the farm tools now, it will be too late in a while.
3. The subject and related words are out of order.
If he cannot be realistic, his career will be affected.
Etiology: Related words should be put before the subject.
Methods: When two clauses have the same subject, the related word comes after the subject. When the subject is different, the related word comes before the subject.
Correction: If he can't be realistic, his career will be affected.
Second, there are six categories of improper collocation:
1. Improper collocation of subject and predicate.
For example, cotton production in China was not self-sufficient in the past.
Etiology: "production" and "self-sufficiency" are not properly matched.
Correction: Cotton produced in China was not self-sufficient in the past.
2. Improper collocation of verbs and objects.
For example, this work created several heroic deeds of party member.
Etiology: Improper collocation of "shaping" and "deeds".
Correction: This work created several heroic images of party member.
3. Improper collocation of subject and object.
China is the most populous country in the world.
Etiology: Improper collocation of "population" and "country".
Correction: China is the most populous country in the world.
4. Incorrect collocation of related words.
For example, the outcome of a game is not only related to personal gains and losses, but also related to the honor of the motherland.
Etiology: The related words "not only" and "but" are not collocated properly.
Correction: The outcome of a game is not only related to personal gains and losses, but also related to the honor of the motherland.
5, one side and two sides are not properly matched.
For example, the health of ideological content is an important criterion to measure the quality of a work.
Etiology: Improper collocation of "health" and "good or bad".
Correction: Whether the ideological content is healthy or not is an important criterion to measure the quality of a work.
6. Improper collocation of modifiers and headwords
For example, today, companies have exchanged a wide range of views on network information.
Etiology: "Pan" and "Jian" are not properly matched.
Correction: Today, companies have widely exchanged views on network information.
Third, the composition is incomplete.
1, subject is incomplete.
For example, bandits attacked the PLA, were surrounded by the PLA, and wiped out countless bandit troops.
Etiology: "Who" was surrounded by the People's Liberation Army, and "Who" annihilated countless bandit troops, lacking a subject.
Correction: When bandits attacked the PLA, they were surrounded by the PLA, and the PLA annihilated countless bandits.
2. The object is incomplete.
For example, we should respond to "Protect the Earth".
Etiology: "responding" to what? Missing object.
Correction: We should respond to the call of "protecting the earth".
3. The predicate is incomplete.
For example, a people's teacher must be loyal to the party's educational philosophy.
Etiology: what about "must" Predicate is missing.
Correction: A people's teacher must have a good idea of being loyal to the party's education.
Fourth, the composition is redundant:
For example, the population problem will soon become the most serious problem in the future.
Etiology: "Soon" and "future" are semantically duplicated.
Correction: The population problem will soon become the most serious problem.
Five, illogical:
1, which is contradictory.
China is one of the most populous countries in the world.
Etiology: the contradiction between "most" and "one".
Correction: China is the most populous country in the world.
2. Improper classification.
For example, PLA soldiers are desperately trying to grab millet, sorghum and all kinds of food.
Etiology: "millet, sorghum" and "grain" are logically called the relationship between inclusion and inclusion, and things in this relationship cannot be juxtaposed.
Correction: PLA soldiers are desperately grabbing all kinds of grain such as millet and sorghum.
3. Improper denial.
For example, how can Kong Fansen's outstanding deeds not make me cry?
Etiology: The original intention is "Kong Fansen's outstanding deeds moved me to tears", but the rhetorical question itself has a negative effect. It denies "don't" and "don't" twice, and three times is just the opposite of the original intention.
Correction: How can Kong Fansen's outstanding deeds not make me cry?
4. Improper quotation.
Race the king. He runs faster than him.
Cause: "He runs faster than him." Who runs faster than who? The references are unclear.
Correction: Race with Wang and run faster than Wang.
Six, emotional color is not appropriate:
For example, his spirit of studying hard is worth emulating by every student. Etiology: "You You" is a derogatory term, meaning "the way to learn from bad habits", so we should use a commendatory term according to the meaning of the sentence.
Correction: His fighting spirit is worth learning from each of our classmates.
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