What should patients with chronic heart failure pay attention to in winter?
1, reasonable exercise and rest
Patients with heart failure can choose moderate exercise, such as practicing Qigong, playing Tai Ji Chuan and taking a walk, when their condition is stable and their heart function is good. Exercise must be accompanied by family members, 30 minutes a day, 3~4 times a week, but to prevent muscle and joint injuries during exercise. The goal of exercise is to improve physical strength, improve mental state and complete the most basic living ability. If the heart rate and blood pressure increase slightly after the activity, they can recover quickly after stopping the activity, indicating that the activity is just right. During the period, you need to ensure adequate sleep, don't overwork your body, avoid mental stimulation, maintain a positive and optimistic attitude, and feel comfortable.
Step 2 adjust your diet
Patients with heart failure must adopt a low-salt diet, and the daily salt intake is 2-3g. They must not eat pickled and high-salt foods, eat less parsley and celery with high sodium content, avoid spicy and irritating foods or foods that are too cold and overheated, so as not to stimulate the gastrointestinal tract, avoid smoking and drinking, and do not drink strong tea and coffee. Reasonable supplementation of vitamin C, vitamin B 1 and appropriate amount of inorganic salts can effectively protect myocardial tissue and myocardial cells. Appropriate calcium supplementation can maintain normal myocardial activity; Potassium can't be ignored. Potassium can protect the heart, because low blood pressure can lead to arrhythmia. At the same time, it is necessary to limit the amount of drinking water, and drink no more than 2000 ml per day.
3. Correct malnutrition in time.
Most patients with chronic heart failure are accompanied by different degrees of malnutrition. When they have symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and early satiety, they should take eating more rice as the principle, follow the doctor's advice, and supplement nutrition reasonably when necessary.
4. Monitor and control your weight.
Patients should monitor their weight every day in order to find water and sodium retention as soon as possible. As long as you weigh more than 4 kilograms within three days, you should see a doctor at the first time.
5. Actively prevent colds
Winter is the high incidence of influenza. Try to get flu vaccine or pneumonia vaccine. Pay more attention to the weather forecast, add clothes according to the weather changes, and avoid being stimulated by cold, strong wind, rain and snow. Once you have symptoms such as fever, cough, cold and diarrhea, you need to see a doctor immediately.
6, do a good job in psychological and spiritual conditioning
Excessive mental depression, anxiety and fear will aggravate the illness and accelerate the death rate. Family members should communicate with patients more, seek counseling from psychologists when necessary, and use antidepressants rationally to improve the state of cardiac function.
7. Review regularly.
Symptoms of heart failure will recur, so pay more attention to abnormal physical symptoms, such as chest tightness, chest pain, headache, dizziness, abdominal distension, limb weakness, etc., which need immediate treatment. Go to the hospital for reexamination every two months and adjust the dosage under the guidance of a doctor.
skill
Infection and fatigue are the main factors leading to heart failure, so we should actively prevent colds and respiratory infections, avoid going to crowded places during the high incidence of influenza, reduce unnecessary going out, and wear masks when going out. Follow the principle of low fat, low salt, light and digestible diet, and eat more foods containing high quality protein, such as lean milk, eggs and fish. And eat only seven minutes full every meal, don't overeat, so as not to increase the burden on the heart and lead to aggravation of the condition.