(1) In order to protect the tongue, it is best to place a tongue depressor wrapped with gauze between the upper and lower molars (big teeth) of the patient (or a self-made wooden board or bamboo board with blunt edge, about 20cm long,1.5-2cm wide and 0.3-0.5cm thick) to prevent the patient from biting the tongue during the clonic period. If it can't be placed in the aura period, it should also be placed in the tonic period when the patient opens his mouth, but it should not be placed in the clonic period. The tongue depressor can also prevent the tongue from falling backwards and blocking the respiratory tract.
(2) When there are signs, let the patient lie flat on the bed quickly, or lie flat nearby. If it is too late to make the above arrangements, if the patient is found to fall, he should be quickly supported to make him fall, in case he suddenly falls to the ground and hurts his head or body.
(3) Patients with rigidity tend to lean back excessively, and the mandible is stretched excessively, which may cause cervical compression fracture or mandibular dislocation. At this time, one hand should hold the patient's pillow slightly hard to prevent the neck from overstretching, and the other hand should hold his jaw to prevent the jaw from overstretching.
(4) There are many respiratory secretions in grand mal, which is easy to cause respiratory obstruction or aspiration pneumonia. At the beginning of the attack, the patient's head should be turned to one side to make the secretion flow naturally. In addition, it is best to unbutton the patient's neck to keep the respiratory tract unobstructed.
(5) In the clonic phase, the muscles of limbs contract, which is easy to cause joint dislocation and bruises of limbs. At this time, you can press the big joints of limbs (such as shoulders, elbows, hips and knees) to limit the range of convulsions. At this time, it is forbidden to use excessive force and forcibly press, so as not to cause artificial injury or muscle joint fracture.
(6) When the attack occurs, you should untie your belt and take out your dentures.
(7) After the seizure stops, it takes several minutes, dozens of minutes or even hours for the patient to return to normal. During this time, some patients are in a lethargic state, so let them fall asleep comfortably and quietly. Some patients are in a hazy state, and patients may have some unconscious, aimless impulsive, destructive and aggressive behaviors. Sometimes self-mutilation, wounding, suicide, killing, destroying things, etc. At this time, in addition to immediately injecting sedatives such as Lumina or diazepam into the patient's muscles or veins, the patient's behavior should be strictly restricted to ensure safety.
At present, many patients' families often find that when patients have a big attack, they often try to stop the attack as soon as possible, and sometimes even bleed, but the attack still does not stop. We believe that seizures are caused by abnormal brain discharges. There is no way to stop the big attack that has already started. Epilepsy will stop only when the brain discharge is over. Sometimes the seizure stops after a pinch, just after the discharge of epilepsy. Therefore, we hope that family members, relatives and friends will take the above measures to protect the safety of patients, and don't do anything meaningless and harmful to the health of patients in the case of epileptic seizures.