Wuhan, referred to as "Han" or "Jiangcheng", is located in the hinterland of China, where the Yangtze River meets the Han River. It is the capital of Hubei Province, the center of economy, science and technology, education and culture in central China and the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, a national megacity and an important transportation hub. On the plane rectangular coordinates, the maximum horizontal distance from east to west in Wuhan is 134 km, and the maximum vertical distance from north to south is about 155 km, which looks like a butterfly dancing from west to east.
History and culture
The Yangtze River and the Han River intersect vertically and horizontally through the urban area, forming the pattern of Wuchang, Hankou and Hanyang. It now governs two suburbs: Jiang 'an, Jianghan, Qiaokou, Hanyang, Wuchang, Qingshan, Hongshan, Caidian, Jiangxia, Huangpi, Xinzhou 1 1, Dongxihu and Hannan. The whole region has jurisdiction over 108 sub-district offices, 2 1 town and 15 township. There are 3 154 mass autonomous organizations in the city, including community 1096 and villagers' committees 2058. The city's land area is 8467. 1 1 square kilometer, including 7703.6 square kilometers in the urban area and 763.5438+0 square kilometers in the suburbs.
At the end of 2002, the total registered population in Wuhan was 76,865,438+10,000, including 3,962,200 males and 37 1.800 females. The agricultural population is 3,087,600 and the non-agricultural population is 4,593,400; The urban population is 7.337 million and the suburban population is 344,000. The birth rate is 7.05‰ and the death rate is 4.89 ‰. The natural growth rate is 2. 16‰.
Wuhan is a multi-ethnic city. According to the data of the fifth population census in 2000, * * has 50 ethnic groups, including 49 ethnic minorities with 54,200 people, accounting for 0.7% of the total population of the city. Among ethnic minorities, the Hui nationality has the largest population (more than 20,000), followed by Tujia nationality (more than 65,438+0,000); There are four other ethnic groups with more than 2000 people, namely Manchu, Zhuang, Mongolian and Miao. There are 12 ethnic groups 100 people, namely Dong, Yao, Korean, She, Bai, Tu, Buyi, Yi, Li, Uygur, Tibetan and Xibo. All the 13 districts in the city are inhabited by ethnic minorities, of which Hongshan District has the largest population (14300) and Hannan District has the smallest population (1 19).
natural resource
(1) Geology and geomorphology: The geological structure of Wuhan is dominated by the Neocathaysian structural system, which almost controls the corridor of urban geological structure. The landform belongs to the transition zone from the hills in southeastern Hubei to the low hills at the southern foot of Dabie Mountain through the eastern edge of Hanjiang Plain, with a low level in the middle, surrounded by hills in the north and south, and low mountains in the north. The areas of low hills, ridge plains and plains in the city account for 5.8%, 12.3%, 42.6% and 39.3% of the total land area respectively.
(2) Climate: Wuhan has a subtropical monsoon (humid) climate, characterized by abundant annual rainfall, sufficient heat and distinct four seasons. Annual average temperature 15.8℃- 17.5℃, extreme maximum temperature 41.3℃ (1934 August 10), extreme minimum temperature-18./kloc.
(3) Soil: There are many kinds of soil in Wuhan, including 8 soil types, 17 subcategories, 56 soil genera and 323 soil types, of which paddy fields account for 45.5% of the total area; Yellow brown soil accounts for 24.8%, fluvo-aquic soil accounts for 17.0%, and red soil accounts for11.2%. Others are calcareous soil, purple soil, meadow soil and swamp soil, accounting for 1.5%.
(4) Vegetation: The flora of Wuhan belongs to the transition zone from the middle subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest to the north subtropical deciduous broad-leaved forest. According to incomplete statistics, there are 607 genera and 1066 species of pteridophytes and seed plants in the city, which are both floristic elements in the south and in the north. The mixed forest composed of evergreen broad-leaved forest and deciduous broad-leaved forest is a typical vegetation type in the city. South of the Yangtze River and Hanjiang River are represented by camphor tree, bamboo, Chinese fir, camellia oleifera, Ligustrum lucidum and citrus. North of the Yangtze River and Hanjiang River, there are mainly Pinus massoniana, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Cortex Fraxini, Pinus tabulaeformis, Quercus, Persimmon, Chestnut and other tree species.
(5) Animal resources: There are many kinds of animal resources in Wuhan, including livestock, aquatic products, medicinal materials, fur, natural enemies of pests, and national protected animals. There are more than 70 kinds of livestock and poultry such as pigs, cows and chickens 10. The fish resources are 1 1 22 families and 88 species, and the main economic fish are more than 20 species such as grass carp, black carp and silver carp. "Wuchang fish" (scientific name Megalobrama amblycephala) is named after it is produced in Liangzi Lake, Wuchang, and its meat is delicious and famous at home and abroad. Waterbirds, including geese, storks and owls, belong to 54 species of 8 orders 14 families. Stork is a rare waterfowl protected by the state. Special economic aquatic organisms include baiji, finless porpoise and soft-shelled turtle. Baiji dolphin is a national first-class protected animal, and finless porpoise is a national second-class protected animal. Among the wild animal resources, fur animals are few, mainly medicinal animals, agricultural and forestry pests and so on.
(6) Water resources: Rivers, harbors and ditches crisscross Wuhan, and lakes and ponds are scattered all over the city. Feishui, Fuhe, Daoshui, qu shui, Jinshui and Dongjing rivers flow into the Yangtze River from both sides of the city, forming a huge water network with the Yangtze River as the main stream. The total water area is 2 187 square kilometers, accounting for 25.8% of the whole city. According to the calculation and analysis, the static reserves of groundwater in normal years are 65.438+0.28 billion cubic meters, and the total surface water is 76.5438+0.45 billion cubic meters, including 3.8 billion cubic meters of domestic rainfall runoff and 76.5438+0.07 billion cubic meters of transit passenger water. The theoretical reserve of hydropower resources is 20,000 kilowatts. There are 274 reservoirs in the city, including 3 large reservoirs and 6 medium-sized reservoirs. The total storage capacity is 925 million cubic meters; There are 9 1000 ponds with a storage capacity of 330 million cubic meters; There are 193 lakes, including 43 lakes in the urban area.
(7) Mineral resources: 33 kinds of minerals have been discovered in the city, with occurrences of 154, with a potential economic value of more than 840 billion yuan. Among them, the reserves of metallurgical auxiliary materials and building materials are the largest, with the largest base of flux limestone, dolomite and timely sandstone in China, and the reserves of bentonite ore are more than 1.65 and 438+0.8 billion tons, ranking first in China. Eight high-quality mineral waters and hot springs have been discovered. In addition, 1 1 gold deposits, 9 copper deposits, 2 manganese deposits and 2 phosphate deposits have been discovered, and the "oil and gas display" of oil and gas has been found in 5 places.
infrastructure
In 2002, Wuhan made every effort to promote the construction of key urban infrastructure, and the comprehensive functions of the city were effectively improved.
(1) Municipal Construction: There are 2,257 roads in the downtown area of Wuhan, with a total length of 1.367 km and a total area of 1.539 million square meters (excluding sidewalks), including 52 main roads, with a length of 290.9 km and an area of 7.7 million square meters. There are a total of 109 bridges in the city, including 9 bridges across the Yangtze River and Hanjiang River, 32 overpasses (viaducts) 10, 32 pedestrian bridges and 58 bridges across the river, with a total area of 420,000 square meters. At present, the inner ring road with a total length of 28 kilometers has been opened, and the west section of Zhonghuan Road 1 1.4 kilometers has also been completed. Together with the South Ring Road built in advance, the Central Ring Road is 2 1.9 km, and the northern section of the eastern section is under construction. Six national debt projects have been completed, including Highway 2 1, Wuqing Third Trunk Road, Laowuhuang Highway, Qintai Road Extension Line and Houhu Road. Roads such as Bayi Road, Donghu Road Extension Line, Yujiashan South Road, and Lu Street were completed one after another; Wuhan International Convention and Exhibition Center and Hangkong Road were rebuilt and put into use. Wuhan Airport Road, Xudong Road, Wu Luo Road, Luo Yu Road, Dadongmen to the street crossing completed the "blackening" transformation of asphalt overlay; The World Bank loan Wuhan urban traffic construction project was accelerated and approved by the World Bank pre-assessment and the National Development and Reform Commission. The National Development and Reform Commission of Tianxingzhou Yangtze River Bridge in Wuhan has officially established a project; The construction of the first phase of rail transit 1 Line has made rapid progress, and now it has been transferred to the stage of equipment installation and commissioning; The preliminary work of the second phase of rail transit 1 Line has been accelerated, and the pre-feasibility study and project declaration have been completed; The construction of Yangluo new airport has been promoted in an all-round way, and the land acquisition work is progressing smoothly; The planning and construction of the large-scale Wangjiadun business district has been fully started, and McKinsey & Company of the United States has been hired to complete the overall strategic planning and consultation of the business district construction.
Wuhan combined flood control with beautification of the "two rivers and four banks", built flood control facilities on a large scale, successfully completed the 397-kilometer dike reinforcement project of the Yangtze River and the Han River, turned the dangerous section of Longwangmiao into a scenic spot, and enhanced the city's disaster resistance.
In 2002, the city's total water supply was 737.63 million cubic meters, and the urban tap water penetration rate reached 100%. There are 108 liquefied petroleum gas storage stations in the city (including 5 large storage and distribution stations with a gas storage capacity of over 3,000 cubic meters) with a gas storage capacity of 54,646 cubic meters. In 2002, the city's total gas supply was 97.46 million cubic meters, and the total gas supply of liquefied petroleum gas was 92,620 tons.
By the end of 2002, there were 247 bus lines, including 277 buses/kloc-0, 4363 special buses and 265438 taxis/kloc-0.
(2) Environmental protection: In 2002, Wuhan made great efforts in environmental protection. The number of days when the city's air quality reached or exceeded Grade II reached 6 1.4% of the whole year, and the annual average air pollution index fell below 100(98) for the first time. The water quality compliance rate of centralized water resources reaches 97.2%, and the average environmental noise in the central city is 54.9 decibels. The daily average value of inhalable particulate matter in urban air is 13 1 μ g/m3, the daily average values of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide are 40 μ g/m3 and 50 μ g/m3 respectively, and the monthly average value of urban dust fall is 8.95 tons/km2.
The removal rate of industrial dust is 55.9%, the removal rate of industrial dust is 97.64%, the discharge standard rate of industrial wastewater is 92.0 1%, the reuse rate of industrial water is 68.40%, and the comprehensive utilization rate of industrial solid waste is 92.3%. There are 284 sets of industrial wastewater treatment facilities in key polluting enterprises, and the normal operation rate is 100%.
New breakthroughs have been made in the construction of health infrastructure. The construction project of Jiangxia Erfeishan garbage disposal site with international advanced level is progressing smoothly. The first landfill area has been initially formed, the roads around the site have been connected, and the sewage treatment area has been completed, achieving the goal of garbage disposal ahead of schedule. The construction of Guodingshan waste incineration power plant in Hanyang has been approved by the state.
(3) Urban Greening: In 2002, the city's urban greening area was 6,279.8 hectares, and the public green area was 3 1.49 hectares. There were 34 parks, 304 street parks and 10 green squares. The green space rate in the built-up area is 29.3 1%, the green coverage rate is 34. 16%, and the per capita green space is 7.13m2. The urban greening in Wuhan is above the average level among similar cities in China. Since 1998, the whole city has focused on the strategic decision of "building Wuhan into a landscape garden city in five years" determined by the municipal party Committee and the municipal people's government, vigorously promoted urban environmental innovation and implemented the "Green Wuhan" project, and the enthusiasm of the whole society for building a landscape garden city has never been higher. Since 1998, Simeitang, Hanshui, Changqing, etc. 10 parks have been built, 70 street parks such as Nangan Canal and Wujiawan have been built, and Hongshan, Optics Valley, Northwest Lake, Tian Tian, Shouyi, etc. 10 green squares have been built, and the green spaces of Zhongshan Park and Jiangtan have been transformed.
economic construction
In 2002, Wuhan actively responded to the new situation after China's entry into WTO, and achieved steady growth of the national economy and all-round development of social undertakings. The gross domestic product (GDP) for the whole year was14,930.9 billion yuan, an increase of 1 1.8% over the previous year, of which the added value of the primary industry was 895.3 billion yuan, an increase of 3.8%. The added value of the secondary industry was 66.049 billion yuan, an increase of 65.438+02.2%; The added value of the tertiary industry was 74.307 billion yuan, an increase of 65.438+02.5%. The per capita GDP increased from 17882 yuan in the previous year to 19564 yuan. The proportion of the added value of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries in GDP has changed from 6.3: 44. 1.49.6 in the previous year to 6.0: 44.2: 49.8.
Fiscal revenue has increased rapidly. The annual fiscal revenue was19.654 billion yuan, an increase of15.5% over the previous year; Among them, the local fiscal revenue was 8.583 billion yuan, an increase of 27.0%.
The market price is low and the operation is stable. The overall consumer price level in the whole year decreased by 65,438 0.4% compared with the previous year, the ex-factory price of industrial products decreased by 3.7%, and the purchase price of raw materials, fuel and power decreased by 65,438 0.6%.
New progress has been made in employment. At the end of the year, there were 4.073 million employees in the city, an increase of 65.438+200,000, an increase of 0.3%. In the whole year, 7 1 10,000 laid-off workers were re-employed, and the registered urban unemployment rate was 4.98% at the end of the year.
(1) Agricultural Economy: In 2002, Wuhan actively promoted the reform of rural taxes and fees to promote the healthy development of agriculture, focusing on the adjustment of agricultural structure and aiming at agricultural development and increasing farmers' income. The total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery1465438+25 million yuan, an increase of 5.2% over the previous year. Among them, the planting industry was 8.429 billion yuan, an increase of 4.7%; Forestry was 87 million yuan, up by 24.9%; Animal husbandry was 3.384 billion yuan, an increase of 4.7%; Fishery was 2.224 billion yuan, up 6.2%.
The agricultural structure has been adjusted. With the gradual deepening of agricultural marketization, the adjustment of agricultural planting structure has increased, and the traditional planting area of grain, cotton and oil has decreased. The annual grain output was 1, 2 1.7 million tons, an increase of1.3% over the previous year; Cotton output 14500 tons, down 33.7%; Oil production 175200 tons, down by 3.3%; The vegetable output was 53710.5 million tons, up by 7.5%.
The pace of ecological forest construction has been accelerated. Actively carry out afforestation and seedling raising to create an eco-city, with an annual increase of 8995 hectares, an increase of 55.3% over the previous year; Scattered planting of 8129,000 trees, up 21%year-on-year; In that year, the nursery area 12 16 hectares increased by 77.5%.
Animal husbandry and aquaculture have increased. In the whole year, pigs were slaughtered 1.983 million, an increase of 3.2% over the previous year; 42.779 million poultry were slaughtered, an increase of 4.9%; Milk production was 74 1 10,000 tons, an increase of 6.0%; Egg production148,900 tons, up by 6.9%; The output of aquatic products was 363,200 tons, up by 7.0%.
(II) Industrial economy: In 2002, Wuhan's industrial production grew steadily, and key industries continued to play a strong supporting and driving role. The industrial added value was 53.4 billion yuan, an increase of 1 1.9% over the previous year, of which the industrial added value above designated size was 36.38 billion yuan, an increase of 12.6%. The added value of heavy industry and light industry in industries above designated size reached 25.41100 million yuan and197 million yuan respectively, up by 1.6% and 0.5% respectively. The five industrial bases have developed well. In 2001, the industrial added value of five industrial bases above designated size reached 22.49 billion yuan, up by 65.438+02.7%, among which modern manufacturing, bioengineering, new medicine industry and environmental protection industry, which were the main driving forces of the city's industrial growth, achieved industrial added value of 6.02 billion yuan, 2.3./kloc-0.0 billion yuan and 750 million yuan respectively, up by 28% and 6.543 billion yuan respectively. The two major industries, photoelectric information and steel, achieved an added value of 5.6 billion yuan and 810.60 billion yuan respectively, up by 2.2% and 6.8% respectively.
Generally speaking, the quality and efficiency of industrial economic operation have maintained a high level. Industrial enterprises above designated size in the city realized product sales income of 654.38+0.07 billion yuan, an increase of 9.1%over the previous year; Profits and taxes reached 654.38+05.2 billion yuan, an increase of 4.2%, of which profits reached 6.3 billion yuan. The comprehensive index of economic benefits of industrial enterprises above designated size is127.2%; There were 337 loss-making enterprises, a decrease of 16 or 4.5% over the previous year; The loss was 24.6%, down 2.3% from the previous year; The loss of loss-making enterprises was 870 million yuan, down 1 1.9%.
(3) Investment in fixed assets: In 2002, investment in fixed assets in Wuhan increased rapidly. In the whole year, the investment in fixed assets of the whole society was 57.043 billion yuan, up by 65.438+02.2% and 2. 1 percentage point over the previous year, of which the investment in capital construction was 65.438+0.9595438+0 billion yuan, up by 65.438+08.5%. Investment in renovation1281300 million yuan, an increase of11.4%; Real estate investment was 65.438+0.325 billion yuan, an increase of 654.38+04.9%. Among the investment in infrastructure and renovation, the investment in manufacturing industry was10.998 billion yuan, with an increase of 14. 1%.
The industrial structure of investment has changed. The investment in the primary industry in the whole year was 865 million yuan, down 5.4% from the previous year; The investment in the secondary industry was 654.38+03.77 billion yuan, an increase of 4.8%; The tertiary industry completed an investment of 42.408 billion yuan, an increase of 65.438+05.3%. The proportion of investment in the three industries has changed from 1.8: 25.8: 72.4 in the previous year to 1.5: 24. 1: 74.4.
The real estate market is booming in production and sales. The annual investment in real estate development was132.5 billion yuan, an increase of 14.9% over the previous year, of which residential investment was 988.2 billion yuan, an increase of 14.8%. The completed area of real estate development was 633 1.7 million square meters, up by 3. 1%, of which the completed area of residential buildings was 5.2273 million square meters, up by 4.6%. The annual sales of commercial housing was 4,502,700 square meters, up by 10 1%, of which 39,305,438+0,000 square meters were sold to individuals, up by 4.6%. The sales of commercial housing was 868,654.38 billion yuan, up 17. 1% year-on-year.
Domestic trade: In 2002, Wuhan consumer goods market grew steadily. The total retail sales of consumer goods in the whole year was 77.008 billion yuan, an increase of 65.438+02.3% over the previous year. In all industries, the retail sales of wholesale and retail reached 4.510.65 billion yuan, an increase of 18. 1%, accounting for 58.6% of the retail sales of social consumer goods in the city, up 2.8 percentage points over the previous year; The retail sales of catering industry was 9.355 billion yuan, up by 23.3%, accounting for 12. 1%, up by 1.2 percentage points; The retail sales of other industries reached 22.488 billion yuan, down 65.438+0. 1%, accounting for 29.3% of the retail sales of social consumer goods, down 4 percentage points.
The market sales of the means of production have increased steadily. The total turnover of the production materials market in the whole year was 9 billion yuan, an increase of 86.4% over the previous year.
The commercial format is constantly improving, and the commodity trading market is constantly developing. 26 large and medium-sized comprehensive supermarkets were built throughout the year. There are 697 registered commodity trading markets in the city, an increase of 44 or 6.7% over the previous year. The turnover of the city's commodity trading market was 55.4 billion yuan, an increase of 16.9%.
(V) Foreign economy: In 2002, Wuhan's exports maintained steady growth. The total annual import and export volume (customs caliber) was 2.202 billion US dollars, down by 2.0% compared with the previous year, of which exports were 65,438 US dollars+0.09 US dollars/kloc-0.00 billion US dollars, an increase of/kloc-0.5%. Among exports, the export of mechanical and electrical products grew rapidly. The annual export of mechanical and electrical products was 396 million US dollars, up 46.9%, accounting for 36.3% of the total export, up 7.8 percentage points over the previous year.
New progress has been made in utilizing foreign capital. In 2001, 277 new agreements and contracts for the utilization of foreign capital were signed, an increase of 43.3% over the previous year; Contracted foreign investment was $65,438+0.610.40 billion, up by 5%; In the whole year, the actually utilized foreign capital was US$ 65.438+576 billion, up by 65.438+0.1%,of which foreign direct investment was US$ 863 million, up by 65.438+0.9%. The city has approved a total of 4080 foreign-funded enterprises, including 179 new foreign-funded enterprises that year.
Foreign project contracting and labor cooperation have been strengthened. In the whole year, the turnover of foreign project contracting and labor service cooperation was 73 million US dollars, an increase of 7.0% over the previous year. In that year, 2,298 new laborers were dispatched, with a year-on-year increase of10.0%; At the end of the period, there were 4,295 foreign laborers, a year-on-year increase of 13.7%.
(VI) Transportation, post and telecommunications: In 2002, Wuhan's passenger and cargo transportation industry grew steadily. In the whole year, the turnover of goods was 73.773 billion tons kilometers, an increase of 26.5438+0% over the previous year, of which 46.69 billion tons kilometers were railways, an increase of 7.9%. The expressway was 5.444 billion tons kilometers, up by1.5%; Water transportation was 2 1.592 billion tons-kilometers, down by 8.6%; Aviation was 47 million ton-km, up by 10.0%. The passenger transport turnover of the whole society was 26.602 billion person-kilometers, up by 5.6%, of which 65.438+0.828 billion person-kilometers were railways, up by 6.5%. The highway was 5.428 billion person-kilometers, an increase of1.7%; Aviation was 2.894 billion person-kilometers, an increase of 7. 1%.
The postal communication industry has developed steadily. In 20001year, the total postal service was 6.2 billion yuan, up by 7.2% over the previous year, of which the total postal service was 665.438+0.6 billion yuan, down by 65.438+0. 1%. The total telecom business was 2.343 billion yuan, up by15.9%; The total volume of mobile communication services was 2.368 billion yuan, an increase of 29.5%. The installed capacity of local exchange is 2.35 million. At the end of the year, there were 2.096 million local telephone users, an increase of 25.3%; There were 2,684,300 mobile phone users, an increase of 67.0%. The local telephone penetration rate is 39.2 per 100 population. Internet business developed rapidly, with 634,800 dial-up Internet users at the end of the year, an increase of 24.7%.
(VII) Financial and insurance industry: In 2002, Wuhan's financial industry operated smoothly, with steady growth in deposits and loans. At the end of the year, the balance of deposits (in local and foreign currencies) of financial institutions in the city was 253.903 billion yuan, up by 6.5438+08.4% over the end of last year, of which the balance of savings deposits of urban and rural residents was 65.438+00796 billion yuan, up by 22.5%. The balance of loans from financial institutions was 200.475 billion yuan, up by 19.6%, of which the balance of RMB loans from financial institutions was 184022 billion yuan, up by 2 1.2%.
The insurance industry has developed rapidly. The annual premium income was 3.900 billion yuan, up 47.7% over the previous year, of which the property insurance premium income was 65.438+67 billion yuan, up 246.5438+0%; Life insurance premium income was 2.833 billion yuan, an increase of 59.2%. The annual insurance payment expenditure was 982 million yuan, up 45.3%, of which the property insurance payment expenditure was 605 million yuan, up 27.4%; Expenditure on life insurance claims was 377 million yuan, an increase of 87.6%.
investment climate
Since the state approved Wuhan as an open city along the Yangtze River 1992 in May, Wuhan has been a hot spot for foreign investment in the central and western regions. After joining WTO, Wuhan adheres to the strategy of "opening first", vigorously promotes environmental innovation and improves the investment environment day by day. Wuhan has successively built a number of major hubs and functional infrastructures, such as Wuhan Tianhe Airport, Airport Expressway, Second Yangtze River Bridge, Third Yangtze River Bridge, millions of program-controlled telephones, water plants, power plants and sewage treatment systems. , greatly enhancing the comprehensive service function of the city. On the other hand, starting with the transformation of government functions, we should implement the "one-stop" joint office system, the mayor's dialogue meeting system, the complaint acceptance system and the responsibility system for investment and environmental protection for foreign enterprises. By the end of 2002, the actual utilization of foreign capital in the city was 654.38+57.6 million US dollars, of which foreign direct investment was 863 million US dollars. The city has approved 4080 foreign-funded enterprises. More than 40 of the world's top 500 (multinational companies) have invested in China, including Budweiser Beer in the United States, United Technologies, Citroen in France, BASF, Simak and Metro in Germany, Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Minolta, NEC and Mitsui Industries in Japan, Philips in the Netherlands, Bank of China and pilkington in Britain, Hyundai and Kumho in South Korea, and more than 300 multinational companies have set up offices in China. A large amount of foreign investment has effectively promoted Wuhan's social and economic development and industrial structure adjustment, and changed the appearance and function of the city.
The Wuhan Municipal Party Committee, the Municipal People's Congress, the Municipal People's Government and CPPCC attach great importance to improving the investment environment, especially the soft environment for economic development, and regard it as a major event for further opening up, and strive to establish a long-term mechanism to improve the soft environment for economic development, so as to improve the soft environment for economic development with the spirit and methods of reform. Opinions of Wuhan Municipal Party Committee and Wuhan Municipal People's Government on Further Improving the Soft Environment for Economic Development, Interim Measures for the Assessment and Appraisal of Improving the Soft Environment for Economic Development in Wuhan, Interim Measures for the Supervision and Administration of Complaints on Improving the Soft Environment for Economic Development in Wuhan, and Trial Measures for the Punishment of State Administrative Organs and Their Civil Servants have been issued successively, and a number of outdated local laws and policies have been cleaned up and revised. 8 local regulations were revised, 3 local regulations were abolished, 2 government regulations1were abolished, 4 government documents were revised, 583 government documents were abolished, and 204 government documents1were abolished. In the city's party and government organs to implement the "ten publicity" (that is, responsibilities and powers, procedures, basis, time limit, charging standards, results, important decisions, clean government regulations, supervision methods, accountability publicity), to create a fair, transparent and international practice. The Wuhan Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal People's Government decided not to use administrative examination and approval for matters that can be solved by the market mechanism, and vigorously promoted the reform of the examination and approval system. On the basis of canceling 560 examination and approval items in the previous year, 32 items were cancelled in 2002, and 35 items were merged (merged into 16 items), reducing 5 items. Carefully clean up and standardize fees, reduce administrative fees 137 items throughout the year, and reduce the burden on enterprises and the masses by about1300,000 yuan. The supervision mechanism has been strengthened, and the Wuhan Complaint Supervision Center for Improving the Soft Environment for Economic Development has been established, with two complaint telephones (8282111,5070 1 1). Twenty-six responsible departments have established complaint institutions, published complaint telephone numbers and formulated working systems as required. In 2002, a complaint network for improving the soft environment for economic development was basically formed. The complaint supervision center for improving the soft environment for economic development accepted 1790 complaints, and 26 responsible departments accepted more than 55,000 complaints, most of which were handled in time. At the same time, the city-wide discussion and practice activities of "everyone is an investment environment" will be carried out to create a good atmosphere of pro-business, business security, business protection and wealthy businessmen in the whole society.
local color
As a prosperous commercial port in ancient China and the center of modern democratic revolution, Wuhan has preserved a very rich historical and cultural heritage and formed a unique dialect "China dialect". Wuhan is also a city with a long history and glorious revolutionary tradition, with profound historical and cultural accumulation. 1986 is listed as a national historical and cultural city by the State Council. Located in the northern suburb of Wuhan, the ruins of Panlongcheng in Shang Dynasty can prove that the urban development history of Wuhan is about 3500 years. By the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, there were military forts in Guishan and Sheshan, which laid the foundation for Hanyang and Wuchang. During Chenghua period of Ming Dynasty, Hankou Town began to form, and then completed the pattern of three towns, and became famous at home and abroad for its superior geographical conditions and unique economic status. After modern turmoil, Wuhan became the national political, military and cultural center several times, and wrote a brilliant chapter in the history of China revolution. Jiangcheng scenery, Chu style and Han rhyme, has a long history; Both the landscape and the human landscape are beautiful.
Wuhan is the education center of Hubei and even Central China, with a developed education system. By the end of 2002, there were 47 colleges and universities in the city, with 39 1000 students and 39 1000 graduate students, with an average of 558.3 college students (including graduate students) per 10,000 population. There are 6 1 general secondary specialized schools with 77,400 students; There are 536 ordinary middle schools with 532,200 students; There are 68 vocational middle schools with 42,200 students; Primary school 1463, with 669,200 students; Continuing education has developed rapidly, with 300,000 employee trainings and 220,700 adult college students.
Wu Hanyou Peking Opera, Han Opera, Chu Opera, Opera, Drama, Acrobatics, Rap, Symphony, Children's Art and other professional art groups. Han Opera and Chu Opera are local operas in Wuhan. There are 68 theaters, 17 public libraries, 6 museums, 2 radio stations and 2 TV stations, with radio and TV coverage rates of 97.9% and 99.8% respectively.
Wuhan Acrobatic Hall is the first venue in China that meets international standards. Wuhan International Acrobatic Festival was held in 199 1 year and has been held for five times. Wuhan acrobatics is the most attractive. Every acrobatic festival has acrobatic heroes from five continents gathered in Jiangcheng, Qiu Jin to show people the modern features of the ancient acrobatic art.
Taking water as the center, Wuhan is a rare transportation hub integrating highway, railway, aviation and water transportation in the national transportation pattern, and enjoys the reputation of "thoroughfare of nine provinces". Wuhan Ring Road, which will soon become the first "outer ring road" in China, is a two-way four-lane closed expressway with a design speed of 1.20km and a daily traffic volume of 55,000 vehicles. Wuhan is the intersection of Beijing-Guangzhou, Beijing-Kowloon, Wuda and Wuda railway lines. The railway network extends in all directions, reaching 25 provincial capital cities across the country. The container express train runs from Wuhan to Kowloon, Hong Kong, and the fresh freight train runs from Shenzhen to Hong Kong every other day.
In accordance with the requirements of building a modern city with riverside and lakeside characteristics, Wuhan has vigorously strengthened the comprehensive environmental improvement and innovation construction in areas along the Yangtze River and the lake and key road sections, and focused on promoting the construction of ten projects of urban environmental innovation. The brand-new Linjiang Avenue in Wuchang, from Dacheng Road to the dike mouth, has become an urban landscape with local cultural characteristics, which integrates leisure, tourism, hydrophilicity and sightseeing. The first-phase construction project of Yuehu area in Hanyang and the first-phase and second-phase projects of Hankou river beach with the goal of "water permeability, greening, purification and access" have been completed, becoming the most natural landscape area and cultural tourism area with riverside and lakeside characteristics in the downtown area of the city. The 34-kilometer environmental improvement project from Wuhan Airport to Liyuan Square has been fully completed, becoming a landscape avenue running through the north and south. A number of environmental improvement projects have been completed from Wuhan Pass to Longwangmiao section of Jiang Yan Road in Hankou, Jianghan Road in Wuchang and around Zhongshan Road, adding a number of new beautiful scenic spots to the city.
tourist resources
Wuhan is an excellent tourist city in China. By the end of 2002, there were 6 scenic spots in 4A. In the whole year, it received 383,700 overseas tourists, an increase of 34.2%. In the whole year, the total tourism revenue was 654.38+09.84 billion yuan, up by 23.2%, of which: international tourism foreign exchange income was 654.38+600 million dollars, up by 32.1%; Domestic tourism revenue was 654.38+08.504 billion yuan, an increase of 22.5%. By the end of 2002, there were 45 international and domestic travel agencies/KLOC-0, with nearly 654.38 million people in tourism professionals and 98 tourist star hotels.
Wuhan is not only a famous historical and cultural city, but also an excellent tourist city in China. It is also a transit point for the tourist routes of "Three Kingdoms" and "Three Gorges". There are 339 scenic spots, revolutionary memorial sites 103 and national, provincial and municipal key cultural relics protection units 169 in the city, including 4 national key cultural relics protection units: Panlongcheng Shang Dynasty Site, the former site of the First Rebel Government of the Revolution of 1911, the former site of the August 7th Conference in China and the former site of Wuhan National Government. Wuhan Erqi Memorial Hall, Wuchang Central Peasant Movement Workshop Site Memorial Hall and Wuchang Uprising Memorial Hall of the Revolution of 1911 are listed as one of the "National Hundred Patriotism Education Demonstration Bases".
Yellow Crane Tower, Hubei Provincial Museum, Guiyuan Temple and East Lake were selected as the first batch of national "4A" scenic spots (spots). Wuchang East Lake Scenic Area is a national key scenic spot with vast smoke and beautiful scenery. There are Chutiantai at the top of Moshan Mountain, Zhu Rong Stargazing, Zhubei Pavilion, and Chucheng and Chuci Xuan at the foot of the mountain. The Yellow Crane Tower is one of the "Forty Best Tourist Attractions in China", and it is also called "Three Famous Buildings in the South of the Yangtze River" with Yueyang Tower in Hunan and Tengwangge in Jiangxi. Qingchuan Pavilion is known as "the first floor of Chutian", with its back against Guishan and across the river from the Yellow Crane Tower, and it is known as "a must for all time". Guqintai is located near Yuehu Lake in Guishan, Hanyang. It is said that ancient Yu Boya and Zhong Ziqi made friends. Guiyuan Temple is a national key Buddhist temple, which was built in the 15th year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty (1658). It is named after the Buddhist temple "returning to Yuan alone and being convenient for many doors". There are Sutra Pavilion, Drum Tower, Nirvana Hall and Luohan Hall. Among them, Luohantang is famous all over the country for its 500 clay statues of golden arhats. The Hubei Provincial Museum in Wuchang has a collection of more than 200,000 historical relics, among which the chime of Zeng Houyi, the sword of Gou Jian, the King of Yue, and the spear of Five Blessingg Chawang are rare treasures.
The former site of the first uprising government during the Revolution of 1911-Honglou and the modern Guishan TV Tower are both famous tourist attractions. In addition, Mulan Mountain and Mulan Lake in Huangpi, located 70 kilometers north of Hankou, are beautiful and beautiful. Longyang Lake, Tianxingzhou, Panlongcheng, Daoguan River, gold and silver lake and other scenic spots are all resorts for citizens to enjoy the cool in the summer. The newly opened Ma 'anshan Forest Park, Wuhan Wildlife Park, Hongshan Square, Northwest Lake Square and Jianghan Road Pedestrian Street have become new attractions for citizens' leisure and sightseeing.
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