The shrimp market in China is mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangsu, Fujian, Shanghai and Zhejiang. The main cultured species are Macrobrachium rosenbergii, Macrobrachium nipponense, Penaeus monodon and Australian freshwater lobster. Last year, Penaeus vannamei was successfully cultured in Guangdong, Fujian, Jiangsu and other places, which made the shrimp culture varieties more diversified.
At present, with the continuous expansion of freshwater shrimp industry, fry production has become more and more important. Generally speaking, the breeding techniques of several species of freshwater shrimp have made great progress, and the supply of fry will not be a problem. For example, although the taste of Macrobrachium rosenbergii is slightly inferior to that of green shrimp, the price per kilogram of 40 yuan has been accepted by most consumers; The key to keep the price of commercial shrimp relatively stable is to avoid centralized listing as much as possible, and farmers must arrange production plans reasonably.
Avoid risks.
Two, turtle breeding risks and benefits coexist
The market price of soft-shelled turtle has experienced a development process from high price (200-300 yuan/kg) to low price (45-50 yuan/kg) and then to balance (current price 90- 100 yuan/kg). It can be seen that with the improvement of turtle breeding technology, the optimization of varieties and the pursuit of pure natural nourishing fashion, the price will rise steadily. Artificial turtle breeding, as a new industry, is quietly emerging in China. Among them, the scarab and the snapping turtle are the most publicized varieties. At present, there is a large demand for fry, which is in short supply. However, the author believes that after entering the commodity market, it will take time to test the capacity of the money turtle or crocodile turtle. Farmers should fully consider the potential risks of the market and not blindly follow the trend.
Third, the standardized sturgeon breeding market has great potential.
There are 8 species of sturgeon distributed in the Yangtze River, Heilongjiang River and other water systems in China, and the representative species are Chinese sturgeon, sturgeon schrenckii, sturgeon Darwin and so on. In addition, the varieties introduced from abroad include Russian sturgeon and European sturgeon. With regard to the development and utilization of sturgeon, China's wildlife protection law stipulates that it must be bred to more than two generations before it can be operated, and that breeding must be approved by the fishery government department.
After several years of development, sturgeon breeding has made breakthroughs in some key technical schools. At present, from the market point of view, it is a good time to invest in sturgeon breeding. Sturgeon is a kind of large fish, and its sexual maturity is generally more than 10 years, which has strong limitations and will not lead to herd behavior. Sturgeon roe is known as black gold, and the price of sturgeon meat is above/kg 150-200 yuan. At present, there is no farmed sturgeon for sale in the domestic market, and the market is basically blank. Investment in sturgeon breeding enterprises, under the premise of handling business licenses, I believe there will be higher returns.
Fourth, the prospect of ornamental fish breeding is promising.
With the increase of people's economic income, the quality of life has been greatly improved. Breeding ornamental fish can not only beautify the family environment, but also adjust the traditional fishery production structure. In recent years, the ornamental fish culture in Guangzhou has developed continuously and healthily, with an area of 1.600 mu. The scale, variety and output of ornamental fish are increasing year by year, including goldfish, koi fish and tropical colorful fish, with more than 200 species.
Five, the cultivation of small varieties of fresh water is promising.
Freshwater races generally refer to Monopterus albus, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus, mud pond lice, Banyan fish, whitebait, river snail, mussel, mountain snail and so on. The above varieties can be cultivated in the courtyard behind the spring stream in front of the village, intensively, purely and densely planted, with high yield and high efficiency. These small varieties, large varieties and large quantities of fresh water can overwinter in situ, stagger the seasons, and go on the market on demand in a balanced way, thus obtaining better economic benefits.
In short, when choosing which varieties to cultivate, market capacity and the following factors must be considered:
(1) The price should be stable, rising steadily;
(2) Variety quality. While giving priority to breeding varieties, we are also seriously considering the quality of this variety. Therefore, the selection of breeding provenance requires fresh water quality, no pollution or less pollution, and attention should be paid to feed and medicine;
(3) Regional consumption habits. For example, the inland consumption of carp (four major fish) is vivid in Guangzhou, and the consumption in Hong Kong and Macao is famous (soft-shelled turtle, soft-shelled turtle, eel, crab, shellfish, etc.). );
(4) the level of regional economic development. Generally speaking, the level of economic development in coastal areas is higher than that in inland areas, the level in plain areas is higher than that in mountainous areas, and the level in cities is higher than that in rural areas, which determines that the sales price, consumption and product quality of aquatic products in coastal areas, plain areas and cities are high.
(5) traffic conditions;
(6) sales channels. In terms of traffic conditions and sales channels, coastal areas, plain areas and urban areas are better than inland areas, mountainous areas and rural areas.
Farmers in all localities should adjust measures to local conditions, be targeted, and decide according to their own (fishing grounds, companies) capital and technical marketing capabilities, so as not to rush headlong into action, so as not to cause undue losses.
Production experts interpret the usage of em bacteria;
Take pond culture as an example, the water quality should be purified first. Before stocking, spray EM bacteria solution diluted by 0/00 times of/kloc-on the water surface, and then spray it every 15 days. Sprinkling frequency should be adjusted according to water quality. The spraying effect is the best when it rains, and EM bacteria solution should be used per mu.
1 kg. Fish feed can be treated with 200 times dilution of EM bacteria solution. If sprayed on pellet feed, it can be used immediately after spraying.
Precautions for use are as follows: EM bacteria liquid is brown translucent liquid, sour and slightly sweet. Pay attention to the smell when opening a bottle for the first time. If the bottom of the container is slightly turbid and a small amount of white material floats on the top, this is normal. Close the bottle cap immediately after use and keep it sealed.
EM bacteria solution should be stored in a cool and dark place, and the suitable temperature is 5℃~45℃. Above this temperature, the activity of some strains will be affected, so the dosage should be increased appropriately.
Main functions of aquatic em bacteria liquid:
1, enhance the immunity and disease resistance of fish, shrimp, crab and sea cucumber, and reduce the incidence of diseases such as red skin, rotten cheeks, hard scales, skin ulcers, malnutrition, slow growth, emaciation and weakness of aquatic animals;
2. Quickly degrade harmful substances in water, reduce the contents of nitrite, hydrogen sulfide and ammonia nitrogen, and adjust the water quality;
3. Reducing the mortality rate of fresh aquatic products during transportation plays a special role in preventing fry and larvae from dying during transportation and prolonging the fresh life of aquatic products;
4. Reduce the residue of harmful substances in feed and aquatic animals and improve the quality of aquatic products;
5. Improve feed conversion rate and reduce feeding cost.
6, inhibit the growth and reproduction of harmful algae and fungi, promote the reproduction of beneficial unicellular algae, and maintain the microecological balance of water bodies;
7. Stabilize water quality, prevent water from aging, increase dissolved oxygen in aquaculture water and increase aquaculture density.
Water quality control
Take 10 mu of water surface as an example: dilute 10 kg of Qifu aquatic bacterial liquid with water for 50 times, then spread it evenly on the water surface, or when feeding bait, mix the bacterial liquid and bait evenly according to the above ratio and feed them together. The use cycle is generally 2-3 times a month. Usually released in sunny mornings.
Bait fermentation
Commonly used fermentable materials include: various residues, straws, grass powder, vegetable cakes, animal manure, leftovers and so on. All of them were taken by ourselves according to local materials. Qifu aquatic bacteria liquid 1 kg can ferment 200 kg bait (calculated by dry material weight).
The fermentation method is as follows: dilute the Qifu aquatic bacterial liquid with water 100 times (that is, add water 100 kg), then mix it evenly with the bait to be fermented, adjust the water content to about 60%, and then seal it to start fermentation. The fermentation time is generally 2-5 days.
The way to judge the humidity is: grab a handful of materials with your hands, hold them tightly, see the water stains with your hands, but don't drip, stand up and let go of your hands, and the materials will disperse when they fall to the ground.
Mixing and feeding
If Qifu aquatic bacteria liquid is to be mixed into bait for feeding, Qifu aquatic bacteria liquid can be added according to 0.5% of feed weight. The specific method is as follows:
Prepare 100 kg feed, take 0.5 kg of Qifu bacterial liquid, dilute it with about 20 kg of water, spray the diluted Qifu bacterial liquid while turning the bait, mix well and feed it.
Benefits and functions: The production of bioactive substances can reduce the feed coefficient, enhance the absorption function of aquatic animals and the emergency ability of disease prevention and stress resistance, promote growth, greatly reduce the dosage of drugs, improve the water quality, make the water fresh, corrosion-free, odor-free, the visibility reaches 25-50 cm, and the water change time is prolonged by more than 2 times. The whole process can greatly reduce the drug cost by more than 80%. Sticking to the use of Qifu aquatic bacteria solution in the whole process can greatly improve the survival rate by nearly 30% and improve the benefit by 20-35% (weight gain of Penaeus vannamei15%-60%; The average weight gain of freshwater fish 10%-30%), and the spawning rate increased by 20-35%. The breeding cycle in similar environment can be listed 10~20 days in advance, and the comprehensive benefits are obvious and the increase is great.
Fermented organic fertilizer
Common fermentation raw materials are: all kinds of animal manure, plant stems and leaves, straw, grass powder and so on. Organic fertilizer can proliferate beneficial bacteria in large quantities through fermentation, promote the reproduction of zooplankton and avoid pollution to water. The fermentation method is the same as the "bait fermentation" method mentioned above. It is worth noting that if more animal manure is used, the dosage per mu should be100-150kg, not too much.
Mainly for large lakes, reservoirs and other breeding places.
(1) Pre-stocking treatment: diluted by 50 times with Qifu aquatic bacteria solution, directly sprinkled on the spawning ground of fierce fish or wild miscellaneous fish, destroying its breeding and growth environment and controlling its population.
(2) Feeding Qifu aquatic bacteria liquid fermentation feed. For the fermentation method, please refer to the column "Bait Fermentation" above.
(3) Soak objects with cells such as sponges in the diluted solution (about 10 times) of Qifu aquatic bacterial liquid for 24 hours, and then hang it in the middle of the cage, so that Qifu aquatic bacterial liquid can spread continuously through the swimming of fish, and the suspension of Qifu aquatic bacterial liquid can be changed 1 time in about 7 days, which can completely change the water environment of the cage.
(4) making Qifu aquatic bacterial liquid, fermented material and yellow mud into sticky blocks according to the ratio of 1:2:4, each block weighs 1 ~ 1.5 kg, and hanging bags and baskets near the bait after drying, so that beneficial bacteria in Qifu aquatic bacterial liquid can have a fixed residence, and the purification effect is improved, thus improving. Per mu 10 ~ 15.
After Qifu aquatic bacteria liquid permeates into water body, its colony action can kill or inhibit pathogenic microorganisms and harmful substances, adjust culture environment, increase dissolved oxygen (oxygen) in water, promote the activation and growth of normal flora and beneficial algae in culture ecosystem, and maintain the ecological balance of culture water body; Feeding bait can directly enhance the absorption function, disease prevention and stress resistance of aquatic animals, and promote healthy growth.
Photosynthetic bacteria in Qifu aquatic bacteria liquid can also use hydrogen sulfide, organic acids and ammonia in water for denitrification to remove ammonium nitrite in water, thus purifying the pollution of feces and residual bait in aquaculture ponds, improving water quality and reducing diseases.
The main functions of the bacterial liquid for blessing aquatic products are as follows:
1. Reduce pathogenic microorganisms and undesirable algae; Obviously enhance the immunity and disease resistance of cultured objects, reduce the incidence and improve the survival rate. According to users' feedback, the survival rate of crab seedlings can be nearly doubled by Qifu aquatic bacteria solution, and the survival rate of China grouper can be increased from 30% to over 70%.
2. Increase the number of beneficial microorganisms. There are many zooplankton and beneficial algae on the water surface, especially red worms, which cover the water surface continuously.
3. Stabilize and improve water quality. The water body is bright in color, tasteless and non-corrosive, and has no odor such as hydrogen sulfide and ammonia gas. The visibility is long and stable at 25 ~ 50 cm, and the water change time can be extended by more than 2 times.
4. Fish and shrimp manure, impurities at the bottom of the pond and leftovers will not turn into silt and present loose sand.
5. Promote growth and significantly increase the weight gain rate. Practice has proved that under the same environment, after using Qifu aquatic bacterial liquid, it can be put on the market 10 ~ 15 days in advance, and the average yield per mu is increased by 20% ~ 35%, the spawning amount is increased by 25%, and the spawning time is prolonged. Experiments show that the spawning time is prolonged by nearly 70 days and the hatching rate is good after using Qifu aquatic bacteria liquid in the normal temperature new turtle pond. The bait is tasteless, which improves the culture environment.
Real large breeders or professional farmers will choose high-quality microecological agents to use and obtain considerable benefits, reducing costs and risks. A good product will always create benefits for customers, and will not become the cost of customers. On the contrary, it seems economical to choose low-priced or diluted products, but in fact it is you who really suffer. As long as the good products are used for 1~3 months, you will find that the breeding benefits are obviously different.
Founded in 2005, Qifu Company is one of the earliest enterprises engaged in the production of R&D and EM starter cultures in China. Over the past nine years, the company has always led the industry with absolute product technology advantages and extensive market customer share.
At present, Qifu Company produces pig strains (bacterial liquid), cultured strains (bacterial liquid), cultivated strains (bacterial liquid), aquatic strains (bacterial liquid), deodorizing disinfectants, fecal fermentation strains (fecal decomposers), microbial growth promoters and other brands. At the same time, the company produces general preparations such as the original species of EM bacteria and the original solution of EM bacteria to meet the needs of customers for various uses of products.