1. The natural environment includes: geographical location, climate, soil, vegetation, etc.
2. Social and cultural environment includes: family, school, community, cultural tradition, etc.
3. Individual psychological environment includes emotion, cognition and behavior.
The influence of humanistic ecological environment on preschool children is various. A good natural environment contributes to children's physical health and intellectual development; Rich social and cultural environment can provide a wide range of learning opportunities and social experience, and promote the development of children's language, cognition and socialization; A positive individual psychological environment can shape children's positive emotions and self-confidence.
On the contrary, a bad humanistic ecological environment may have a negative impact on preschool children, such as health problems, behavioral problems, emotional problems and so on. Therefore, in order to ensure the healthy development of preschool children, we must improve people's understanding and attention to the humanistic ecological environment and actively create a positive and healthy humanistic ecological environment.
The development of preschool children includes
First, physical development:
1. Rapid growth of height and weight: The height and weight of preschool children increase rapidly, especially between 3 and 5 years old. At this stage, the height ratio is about half that of adults. At the age of 6, the height is about 3/4 of that of an adult.
2. Rapid muscle growth: Preschool children have two periods of rapid muscle growth, namely the first three months after birth and between 3 and 6 years old. During this period, muscles will grow significantly and become stronger.
3. Rapid growth of bones: The bones of preschool children grow relatively fast, especially when their height grows. This means that the increase in the number and size of bones plays an important role in supporting and maintaining the body.
4. Rapid metabolism growth: The metabolism of preschool children is faster, and the body needs more nutrition to support its growth and development. Most preschool children can consume about 2000-2500 calories a day.
Second, children's psychological development:
1. The ability to regulate psychological activities and behaviors is gradually enhanced: children aged 5-6 can better analyze and synthesize external things than children aged 3- 15, and can better control and regulate Bai Ji's psychological activities and behaviors, so they can receive adult education and correct some incorrect language and behaviors.
2. Unintentional attention develops at a high level and gradually forms intentional attention: The unintentional attention of preschool children develops at a high level with the growth of age, and attention is easily diverted, gradually forming intentional attention and starting to organize and control attention independently.
3. Intentional imagination begins to develop and wells need to be cultivated: Intentional imagination begins to develop and wells need to be cultivated. Imagination is the process of processing and transforming the existing image in the mind and establishing a new image. Childhood is the primary stage of imagination development. It has begun to transcend reality, processed and transformed on the basis of memory, but it has not yet gone deep into reality and truly reflected the essence of things.
4. Advanced emotions begin to develop: Preschool children's advanced emotions should have a sense of morality, beauty and reason. Moral sense is an emotion caused by whether the behavior of confession or others conforms to social moral standards. It is a complicated process for children to form a sense of morality.