What warning signs are there in the sewage treatment station or equipment?

1 Workers in microbial sewage treatment plants are exposed to microorganisms in sewage and sludge, which may be infected and lead to diseases. The following table shows the threats to biological health caused by contact with sewage and sludge. Acquisition of occupational disease phenotype in biological sewage treatment: Hepatitis A virus has greater contact with raw sewage and primary sludge; Workers in pumping stations and water collection systems are susceptible to parasites; Workers in pumping stations and water collection systems are susceptible to other viruses; Highly exposed workers are prone to gastrointestinal diseases; Employees who have just joined the work are related to mud accumulation; The fog and water vapor generated on sewage treatment facilities will spread bacteria and viruses. Infection may be caused by direct inhalation of gas or indirect infection by water droplets on skin or clothes. Aeration tank, outlet weir, irrigation nozzle, blower room, dewatering machine room, etc. Will condense this gas. In places where water vapor is highly condensed, using gauze masks will reduce the inhalation of toxic substances. It is impossible to avoid all the reasons. Good personal hygiene habits and healthy immune protection will reduce the chances of bacterial and viral infections. The best way to prevent bacterial and viral infections is to develop good personal hygiene habits. The following points can guide workers to have correct hygiene habits. \r\n 1。 Keep your hands and fingers away from your nose, mouth, eyes and ears. \r\n 2。 Wear rubber gloves when cleaning pumps, treating sewage, treating grids, removing sludge, or doing other work that comes into direct contact with sewage and sludge. \r\n 3。 Please wear gloves when your hands are scratched, burned or damaged. \r\n 4。 Wash your hands thoroughly with hot water and soap after eating, smoking and working. \r\n 5。 Nails should be short and foreign bodies should be washed off with a small brush. \r\n 6。 Separate clean clothes, work clothes and used work clothes. \r\n 7。 Work-related injuries should be reported in time and dealt with urgently. \r\n 8。 Take a bath after work every day. 2 Chemicals (gases and chemicals) Gases and vapours are produced by bacterial activities, water-soluble gases released by industry and evaporation of volatile organic chemicals. If these gases exist in large quantities, they are likely to cause combustion, explosion, poisoning or make the breathers sick. In particular, the air is not circulating and there is a lack of specific space for atmospheric dilution, which may accumulate toxic gases. \ r \ Chemicals are mainly used for chemical treatment of sewage. Operation shall comply with certain operation rules, regulations and laws. Managers should be able to identify potential chemical hazards and the degree of harm. Managers should also formulate effective preventive measures to control the release of harmful substances. Most chemicals can be safely stored and treated, and people know their potential hazards. Taking appropriate preventive and protective measures is an effective way to prevent the harm of harmful chemicals. \ r \ nIn order to prevent personal injury and property loss, chemicals must be strictly supervised from purchase to use. All hazardous chemicals must be identified, and safety data, use procedures and preventive measures must be obtained. The supplier shall provide detailed chemical characteristics, hazards and other information about health, first aid and safety. The MSDS includes the following information: \r\n 1. Composition, molecular formula and molecular weight of the compound. \r\n 2。 Physical parameters, such as boiling point, freezing point, melting point, specific gravity, solubility and air pressure. \r\n 3 is easy to decompose and may produce polymers. \r\n 4。 Personal harmfulness (acute or chronic) of direct contact with drugs, allowable contact limits and warning signals. \r\n 5。 Its toxic effects on the environment. \r\n 6。 Personal protective measures and other control methods. \r\n 7。 Working experience in use, storage, daily cleaning and waste disposal. \r\n 8。 Emergency procedures for dealing with overflow, fire and explosion. \r\n 9。 First aid procedure. \ r \ These chemicals can be eliminated by changing the process, changing the equipment or using engineering control. The infrastructure in engineering control includes ventilation, isolation, sealing and workshop design. Ventilation initially controls harmful substances (dust, smoke, steam or fog) in the air. Isolation is to separate danger from employees. The following working procedures help to protect employees: \r\n 1. Application of personal protective equipment. \r\n 2。 Proper management and storage procedures. \r\n 3。 Clean the work area and chemical storage area. \r\n 4。 Smoking is prohibited in workplaces or explosive areas. \r\n 5。 Separate dangerous goods that cause food poisoning from utensils and washing utensils. \r\n 6。 Container label, indicating information such as use and first aid. \r\n 7。 Post warning signs, such as no smoking, to warn employees of dangerous situations. \r\n 8。 Post urgent tips for important operations. \r\n 9。 Training and training records on the safe use of hazardous chemicals. \r\n 10。 The results of job safety analysis are helpful to complete the operation and maintenance tasks. \ r \ Most deaths, injuries and occupational diseases in sewage treatment plants are due to lack of oxygen in specific spaces or exposure to toxic gases. A specific space has at least one of three characteristics: (1) the entrance and exit channels are narrow. (2) a space that cannot be well ventilated. (3) accommodate a limited number of workers. \ r \ The entrance and exit passages are small, which makes it difficult for people and equipment to get in and out. Especially when entering the space with toxic gas, you must carry protective equipment such as respirator and lifesaving. However, some open passages need ladders, cranes and other equipment, so it is difficult to escape in an emergency. If a specific space is poorly ventilated, it will produce deadly toxic gases, such as hydrogen sulfide, especially in places where sludge or chemicals have been stored. Or the oxygen inside can sustain life, but once it catches fire, it will cause an explosion. The hazards of a specific space are: \r\n 1. Hypoxia, oxygen content is lower than 19. 5%, workers must use breathing apparatus. \r\n 2。 Combustible gas, methane and other gases released by the decomposition of compounds, as well as chemicals such as gasoline, may cause explosion when they encounter fire sources. \r\n 3。 Toxic gases such as hydrogen sulfide. \r\n 4。 Extreme temperature, if there is steam accumulation, will hurt the staff. \r\n 5。 Noise, a certain space will amplify noise, damage the hearing of staff and interfere with communication with the outside world. \r\n 6。 Smooth or wet surfaces can cause casualties, and wet surfaces increase the possibility of electric shock when using circuits, equipment and tools.