[Keywords:] Left-behind children; Mental health education; Validity; The process of urbanization and industrialization in China is accelerating, and the number of migrant workers is increasing. As a result, left-behind children in rural areas have also formed a special huge group. Due to the absence of parents, the mental health education of left-behind children in rural areas is lacking. This paper puts forward some effective, routine and scientific methods of mental health education for left-behind children in rural areas, as well as some countermeasures and suggestions to strengthen mental health education for left-behind children in rural areas.
Most left-behind children in rural areas are raised or entrusted to relatives, unable to communicate effectively with their elders, lacking emotional care and prone to psychological obstacles. Some children are introverted, sensitive, suspicious, unsociable, unwilling to associate with others, living in a narrow self-space, indifferent to everything outside, indifferent to others and the collective; Others are grumpy, impulsive, rebellious, don't listen to any teaching, or are too naughty; Some children have anxiety and depression symptoms. In terms of social adaptation, many left-behind children have poor self-protection awareness, are easily influenced by bad words and deeds, have poor interpersonal skills, are under great internal pressure and are afraid of being bullied by others. In view of the existing problems, we should carry out effective mental health education for left-behind children. The following are some reference countermeasures:
The first is to establish a complete psychological file of left-behind children. Psychological files mainly include the following contents: the personal hobbies and specialties of left-behind children; Physical condition; The family's economic situation, family atmosphere, parents' educational methods and attitudes, and the relationship with parents and guardians; Academic achievements, attitudes and habits; Ideological and moral character, behavior habits; Teacher-student relationship, peer relationship; Personality types and characteristics, temperament types and characteristics, what are the characteristics of personality psychology, and what are the good and bad qualities in personality psychology. Only in this way can we know the child's psychological state in time and provide targeted counseling.
The second is to strengthen guidance and help for parents. Through parent-teacher conferences, parents' symposiums, telephone contact with parents, and timely home visits when parents go home, we will establish communication channels for school and family mental health education, optimize the family education environment, guide and help parents of left-behind children to establish correct educational concepts, promote the establishment of parent-child relationship, and let parents and classmates cooperate to educate left-behind children.
The third is to strengthen teachers' psychological education and training. Teachers in all subjects should infiltrate ideological and moral education and mental health education in their daily teaching, so that mental health education becomes a routine. Therefore, teachers must understand the psychological characteristics of left-behind children and master the methods of mental health education. Schools should invite specially trained psychological counseling teachers to systematically train subject teachers and introduce the psychological problems that left-behind children are prone to and how to solve them. So as to make mental health education scientific.
Fourthly, by offering mental health activity classes, the position of mental health education in schools is established. Mental health activity classes should integrate knowledge, interest, participation and operation, and help left-behind children improve their psychological quality in an all-round way through games, scene creation, role-playing and discussion. The key points mainly include: the establishment of good self-awareness, the establishment of good interpersonal relationships, the reasonable adjustment of emotions, and the cultivation and guidance of frustration tolerance. In addition, psychological mailbox, telephone consultation, letter consultation, parent-child hotline, psychological consultation room, mental health column, blackboard newspaper, etc. should be set up regularly to establish mental health education positions and make mental health education routine.
Fifth, adopt the psychological education method of combining group counseling with individual counseling. Group counseling, also known as group counseling, is a group of children discussing and training under the guidance of their tutors to effectively deal with the same problems they face. The number of people in the group ranges from four or five to eleven or twelve. Most of its members are students of the same grade and age, who have similar psychological problems to solve. Everyone in the group will discuss and express their opinions and seek solutions to the problems. Group counseling is easy to solve interpersonal problems, and it is easier for peers to influence each other. Individual counseling is to provide serious, patient and scientific one-on-one psychological counseling to left-behind children with psychological problems or psychological barriers in time to help students remove psychological barriers.
The mental health problems of left-behind children have aroused social concern. The healthy development of left-behind children's body and mind is everyone's hope, and the whole society of Qi Xin needs to work together to care for them. As a school, we should shoulder this important responsibility and make every left-behind child reach the mental health standard of normal intelligence, emotional health, sound will, coordinated behavior and interpersonal adaptation through various ways and means. Therefore, it is very important to carry out effective mental health education for left-behind children.
In a word, the mental health education of left-behind children in rural areas is an important factor related to the achievements of China's socialist future construction, so the mental health education of 20 million left-behind children in rural areas can not be ignored. However, the problem of mental health education of left-behind children can not be completed in one aspect, and it needs the joint efforts and participation of families, schools and society to build a perfect mental health education mechanism for left-behind children in rural areas and promote their mental health development. Half of health is mental health! Mental health can win the future. We should pay attention to and care for children's mental health as much as physical health, provide a warm, harmonious and healthy growth environment for children, and guide them to an upright and happy road to success.